Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises Generally Have A "Shortage Of Money" &Nbsp; They Can Get Together And Go Bankrupt For 08 Years.

Money is tight, but not playing.

Small and medium-sized enterprises are more difficult than 08 years.

Since summer, though the weather is getting hotter and hotter, small and medium-sized private enterprises located in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta have the feeling of "going through the winter".

On the one hand, since last year, the central bank has raised the deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions for 8 times to let banks exclaim "bad money"; on the other hand, small and medium-sized enterprises have loans.

Jiangsu banks are poor.

Jiangsu Zhenjiang City Zhen Yang electronic components factory is a private enterprise, the main business is the production and sale of computer connector.

Director Mao Min told reporters that there were still more than 30 workers at the beginning of the year, and now there are less than 10 people left.

But even so, because he could not get loans from the bank, and the factory funds could not turn around or even pay wages, he had to seek funds from other private channels, such as borrowing from some private lending companies, but the high interest rates were also prohibitive.

Mao Min said that because of the tighter monetary policy of the central bank this year, the private lending market in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces is booming.

It is very easy to get loans from private loan companies. The procedure is very simple. Only using real estate as collateral can get funds quickly.

But the subsequent high interest rates scared people to death.

Short-term loans 4%-8% monthly interest rate, or even 15%.

Despite bargaining, short-term monthly interest rates may fall to 5% or 4%, but the rate of adult interest rate is as high as 48%-72%.

"It's hard to get a loan from a bank. People always say bad procedures, or they say that the leadership has not yet been approved.

In fact, they refuse to lend.

Mao Min reluctantly said that as the central bank tightened the money supply led to tight capital chain, many local shops closed overnight.

And it is hard to be able to cope.

In the past loose money policy has been used to small and medium-sized enterprises, once the credit funds shrink, their funds are insufficient and lack of effective management weaknesses exposed.

Under such circumstances, banks are naturally unwilling to provide credit to SMEs.

If the board hits the bank, the bank will complain.

Because the reserve ratio has been raised again and again, banks also feel "bad money".

Under such circumstances, banks have to be reluctant to lend.

This is determined by the environment. "

Mao Min's son, Mao Zhen, who works in the Zhenjiang branch of CCB, argues.

Under the tight monetary policy, the small and medium-sized enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta generally have "money shortage".

Even a large number of enterprises are in stoppage and semi shutdown.

Even in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, which is famous for its small commodities, there appeared a phenomenon that SMEs failed to get together because of the lack of loans.

Following the collapse of the three flag group of the old business in Yueqing, Wenzhou, the news of Portman's capital chain breaking up and breaking down in Wenzhou's famous restaurant chain also came out this month. Almost the same time, another famous South Korean company, Jiangnan leather, went bankrupt because of its huge debts.

According to the monitoring of Wenzhou economic and Trade Commission, the sales value of 35 export oriented enterprises such as eyeglasses, lighters, pens, locks and so on in the first 3 months of this year dropped by 7% compared with the same period last year, and the profit dropped by 30% over the same period last year.

At the same time, the order amount of these enterprises is decreasing, and the average amount of single orders is 16.7% lower than that of the same period last year.

These enterprises accounted for more than 1/4 of the losses, and only 30% of the enterprises maintained a profit growth.

The average profit rate of the industry is 3.1%, and the profit margins exceed 5% of the enterprises are less than 10.

"It's even harder than 2008."

Cai Zhangsheng, director of the office of Zhejiang SME Bureau, said.

Yun Jin, director of the development planning guidance office of Zhejiang SME Bureau, also expressed similar views. He said that for a long time, SMEs were accustomed to survival and development under the loose monetary policy, so every time the macro-control was accompanied by monetary tightening, some enterprises suddenly died overnight.

"Fund management is the weakest among SMEs.

Once the credit crunch, their financing problems will be exposed.

In an interview with reporters, Zhou Dewen, deputy director of the Wenzhou Provincial Central Economic Commission, said that under the circumstances that the central bank's monetary tightening policy was not changed, many enterprises in Hong Kong were trying to solve the urgent need. They had no choice but to follow the path of private lending or usury.

And the high repayment interest after the loan makes the enterprise unable to bear heavy burden, which is easy to cause the capital chain to break.

Recently, a survey conducted by the Central Bank of Wenzhou of the people's Bank of China found that the lending rates of major banks in Wenzhou have been floating up to 30% to 80%.

Although bank loans are not cheap, only a few enterprises can get them. More enterprises with no loans can only take private lending channels. At present, the scale of underground financing in Wenzhou has exceeded 180 billion yuan.

Zhou Dewen said: "the small and medium-sized enterprises must go to the alliance. Before the boat is small, they turn around, but now the competition in the market economy is becoming more and more intense. Under such circumstances, a small storm will knock you over, so you can only join together and go to the Alliance to increase the ability to resist risks."

Zhou Dewen believes that in order to solve the problem of financing difficulties for SMEs in Wenzhou, in addition to giving full play to the role of small loan companies and village banks in the current market, it is imperative to innovate the financial system. It is best to allow private capital to be built as a professional institution for financing small and medium-sized enterprises.

In addition, for the small and medium-sized enterprises in Wenzhou, the main business should not be deviated, the front line should not be stretched too long, and small and medium-sized enterprises should take the road of Joint Alliance to enhance their ability to resist risks.

Guangdong labor shortage + wage surge

The situation in the Yangtze River Delta has already been so. What is the situation of another export-oriented labor-intensive industry in Pearl River Delta in Guangdong province?

The survey found that under the double squeeze of rapid increase in production costs and market shrinkage, the winter of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises has arrived unexpectedly, and a large number of clothing and footwear factories are in a semi stop state, and a few enterprises have begun to close down.

As the US economy shows signs of stagflation and the market shrinks, China's foreign trade export garment industry and footwear industry are all affected.

Relevant data show that in the first quarter of the economic growth dropped sharply to 1.8%, the United States in April CPI rose 3.2%, higher than market expectations.

According to reports, there are five hundred or six hundred workers in a clothing factory in Xintang Town, Zengcheng, Guangzhou, which specializes in OEM brand jeans, and the order of 1/3 is domestic sales. 2/3 is a foreign order from Europe. After that, the factory shipped 220 thousand to 250 thousand shipments per month, but orders have been reduced by more than half since March.

Recently, a lot of small garment factories have been closed down in Xintang, even though there are not many jobs in big factories.

Located in Zhongshan, the three township Bao Fu plastic and plastic products factory is a factory specializing in providing shoes for large shoe factories. Guo Zhenhua, owner of the factory, said that the entire footwear industry is now entering the cold winter. Over the past year, the overall production cost of footwear industry has risen by 30% to 40%, making the price reported by domestic shoe factories in front of the market high, and many foreign merchants have shifted their orders to other countries such as Vietnam.

Guo Zhenhua said that the Guangdong side mainly produces high-end shoes. Since October last year, orders have shrunk by about 30%. Jinjiang, Fujian, mainly produces low-end shoes, which are more impacted.

He recently went to Jinjiang for an inspection, and found that the situation was even worse than before the financial crisis. There were no orders, workers were scattered, and many factories closed.

However, some enterprises do not worry about orders, but they dare not take orders simply because they can not recruit workers.

Chen Wusi, Secretary of the Zengcheng Guangdong shoe industry Co., Ltd., who is in the stone beach of Zengcheng, said: "at present, the factory's production line is only a little more than the previous 1/3."

The reason for this is not that there is no order, but that workers can not be recruited because of the increase in labor costs and the general wage increase of workers.

Chen Wusi said that in the past 2003~2004 years, the number of workers in the factory has reached 18000, but now there are only 5000 factories in Guangzhou.

The production scale of Zengcheng's factories has also been shrinking. After the financial crisis, the production line has been reduced by half, and the production line currently operates only a little more than 1/3.

In response, Zhou Dewen told reporters that the phenomenon of "labor shortage" and "wage surge" reflected the change of supply and demand in the labor market: the demographic dividend gradually weakened, and the labor market shifted from the buyer's market to the seller's market, and the buyer's market must obtain the labor force by raising the labor force price.

China's economic development has entered "Lewis turning point", and the era of cheap labor is coming to an end.

The solution to the problem of labor shortage is not overnight. Next year, the problem of "labor shortage" may become more prominent, and quite a number of small and medium-sized enterprises may be in trouble.

It is thought that the urgent matter to solve the problem of "labor shortage" is to raise wages for employees, and many small and medium-sized enterprises in the eastern coastal areas have already done so.

But the survey found that nearly 70% of enterprises are forced to raise their salaries for employees.

Because most of the labor-intensive small and medium-sized enterprises, their core competitiveness is the low price advantage of low cost extension, and is at the low end of the industrial chain.

A Bobbi doll priced at 9.99 dollars, Chinese enterprises can only get a processing fee of 0.35 dollars, a pair of Nike shoes priced at 100 dollars, the processing fee is only 5 dollars.

According to a survey conducted by a professor at Zhongshan University, the average wage increase of Dongguan enterprises is 3% - 5%, and the best companies can only take about 10%.

If the profit is too thin, the raise will undoubtedly be worse.

Small and medium-sized enterprises are likely to fall into the curse of "raising pay is death, not raising wages is also a death".

To get rid of this curse, enterprises must pform and upgrade.

Zhou Dewen believes that through technological innovation, management innovation and marketing innovation, to improve product quality in order to improve labor productivity, enterprises can maintain sustained vitality and development.