Zhejiang Shoe Enterprises Seek Transformation And Get Rid Of The Shadow Of "Three Up, Three Down"
The current small and medium-sized enterprises will no doubt face a new round of widespread and serious business predicament since the financial crisis.
From the survey of the Zhejiang Academy of Social Sciences and the investigation by reporters in Wentai and other regions, it is not true that the rumor of "closure of the tide" has been heard for some time. However, Zhejiang's small and medium-sized enterprises, especially the labor-intensive small, medium and small enterprises, which are at the low end of the industrial chain, are really having a hard time. According to the survey conducted by our correspondent, nearly 20% of SMEs in Wenzhou are in semi shutdown or downtime. Small businesses such as shoemaking and other industries are more common.
Small and medium enterprises Management The background of the dilemma is mainly six aspects of "three up, three down" since 2010. Economics Environmental factors.
Among them, "three up", one refers to the upward trend of RMB exchange rate, two refers to the upward trend of CPI, the inflation situation is grim, and three refers to the increase in the operating costs of enterprises, including the prices of various production factors such as raw materials, land, energy, labor and so on. "Three below" is manifested as follows: first, the growth rate of investment has declined; two is the increase in credit increments; three is the pressure of energy saving and emission reduction.
From the spectators who want to see better development of SMEs, we realize that the existence of "three ups and down the mountain" is far from enough. We must also scientifically and rationally understand and deal with "three up, three down".
For example, in recent years, the rising inflation expectations of high CPI will inevitably lead to a decline in credit volume, and the drop in credit volume will lead to a tight chain of funds for medium, small and micro enterprises with high loan dependence. According to the survey, "since 2011, 70% of the small and medium-sized private enterprises in Wenzhou are short of money, even if it is tempted to take private lending channels under high interest rates, it is also difficult to borrow money". However, the disadvantages of the above two factors are, after all, short-term effects. It is a good policy for enterprises to support and support mergers and acquisitions and achieve healthy expansion. Of course, the government should guide the small and medium-sized enterprises with high growth and high technology to achieve direct financing in the capital market, improve the SME equity trading platform, focus on cultivating small loan companies, explore the way of private financing sunshine, and so on, and truly form a distinctive financial environment that matches the large private economy provinces. This should be the direction of efforts.
For example, the decline in the growth rate of investment in manufacturing industry is also a matter of great concern, but on the whole, the current three industries in China are Investment The rate is still rising. This shows that the current economic growth is changing from the past second industries to the first, second, third industry, which reflects the transformation of China's development mode and the upgrading of economic quality.
For example, the appreciation of RMB has a greater impact on the export oriented economy of Zhejiang, which has weakened the price competitiveness of export products. But at the same time, we should also see that the appreciation of the renminbi also means that the cost of overseas investment of Zhejiang enterprises has declined, and in other emerging market countries, there is a similar situation when the RMB appreciates. Therefore, the impact of exchange rate factor on the rise of enterprise cost is still relatively small.
In fact, the biggest impact on the cost of private enterprises in Zhejiang is actually the increase of the cost of raw materials and related factors of production. In Taizhou, Zhejiang, the cost of raw materials accounted for 69.4% of the total cost of the total cost, according to the survey. With the rising price of land, energy and labor, raw materials, together with the rising prices of land, energy and labor, really constitute the most unfavorable factor for the current rising costs of private enterprises. We must realize that this is a long-term factor and an inevitable outcome after China's social and economic development has reached a certain stage. This should be the biggest reason for explaining the current predicament of small and medium-sized private enterprises.
Our survey shows that at present, some enterprises in Zhejiang believe that "three up, three down" has little impact on enterprises. The reason is partly to reduce the cost of production through technological transformation, and some through the upgrading of products, so as to reasonably raise the price and pass on the cost of enterprises. The third is to diversify the pressure and risk of increasing the cost of enterprises. Under the pressure of rising costs, these measures are also a vivid annotation of Zhejiang enterprises' accelerating transformation and upgrading.
Admittedly, the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises is very difficult, but "transformation and upgrading" is undoubtedly the only way for Zhejiang enterprises to go out of the shadow of "three up, three down" and continue to lead China's economic development. In addition to the necessary policy support and improvement of the external economic environment, the most important thing for small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve transformation and upgrading is to have firm will and clear and effective transformation and upgrading means.
In recent years, the impetuosity of Zhejiang businessmen, especially the Wenshang group, has aroused the concern of the outside world. During the two sessions this year, Zhang Dejiang, vice premier of the State Council, said that he was most worried about Zhejiang's private entrepreneurs from going to other industries to do other things, going to real estate stocks and buying and selling jewellery gold. If so, Zhejiang's industries would be hollow. Zhejiang's private entrepreneurs and Zhejiang's private economy might be evaporated someday. Scholars who are concerned about Zhejiang businessmen are also worried that "if Zhejiang businessmen have become a food eating class and lose their entrepreneurial spirit, the impact will be far-reaching."
Our small and medium business owners should not forget. Thirty or forty years ago, in the harsh environment of "cutting the capitalist tail", the first generation of Zhejiang businessmen started from shoeshine, tailoring, playing cotton, grinding tofu, collecting waste products, hairdressing, raising ducks and so on. They started to build more than 40 000 enterprises in the province today, and 6 million 400 thousand businessmen were active outside the province, and about 1000000 businessmen started the "world first business group" around the world. Is it not the path of transformation and upgrading that they have gone through?
Faced with the challenge of "three up, three down", Zhejiang businessmen should reconsider and further develop the spirit of Zhejiang merchants.
What is the spirit of Zhejiang businessmen? During the pioneering period, Zhejiang businessmen displayed the famous two "four thousand spirits". During the pioneering period, Zhejiang businessmen displayed four aspects: diligent and pragmatic dedication, flexible and innovative spirit of change, teamwork spirit and commitment spirit. In the new century, the per capita GDP of Zhejiang has reached 7600 US dollars. To the spirit of contemporary Zhejiang businessmen, the Zhejiang Provincial Academy of Social Sciences recently summed up it as "being sensitive, pioneering and innovative, diligent and diligent, honest and trustworthy, loving home and four seas". After experiencing different periods, the spirit of Zhejiang merchants tends to improve and improve continuously. But one thing is that the "entrepreneurial spirit" of Zhejiang businessmen can never be lost.
Complain less and complain harder. Adhering to the spirit of Zhejiang businessmen and steadfastly taking the road of transformation and upgrading, Zhejiang's economy can only go out of the shadow of "three up, three down". {page_break}
Wenzhou private enterprises in deep trouble
In July, in Wenzhou, the scorching sun was burning. The temperature of 35 to 6 degrees made people sweat in the outdoor station for a while. While small and medium-sized entrepreneurs in Wenzhou were shocked by the "hundred years of cold winter".
With the soaring prices of raw materials, the sharp rise in labor and capital costs, the appreciation of the renminbi and the tightening of state money, the operating costs of SMEs are getting higher and higher, and their days are becoming more and more sad. The public opinion about the "collapse tide" of Wenzhou's small and medium-sized enterprises is very loud.
Then, whether the SMEs in Wenzhou are facing "collapse tide"?
Rumor of "collapse tide"
Since April 2011, there have been reports of bankruptcies and bosses' escape from Wenzhou. In late April, Portman, a well-known restaurant chain in Wenzhou, went bankrupt because of his inability to repay usury. The boss left 200 thousand cash and 4 cars to pay wages to his wife before he fled. At the beginning of May, Wenzhou local star enterprise Jiangnan leather factory collapsed because of the failure of the company's "gambling lost hundreds of millions of dollars".
In this context, whenever a business is shut down or closed down, it will cause great concern.
At the end of June and early July, the topic of "two restaurants failing on the same day" was widely circulated.
Confirmed by reporters, the two restaurants are located at the Kokusai Hotel in Wenzhou and the only Starbucks store in Wenzhou. In June 28, 2011, the two restaurants that normally needed meals or queues were closed. This has led many old customers to shut up. "Yesterday, the business is still good. Today it closes?"
When reporters came to the Times Square in downtown Wenzhou, they found a notice on the door of the Starbucks era that "a pipeline needs to be re examined and suspended for business because of the safety of the pipeline." Several workers were installing pipes, which was a mess. According to the reporter's understanding, the shop in Starbucks times, which has been operating for two months, has not obtained the fire examination and approval procedures. It has been ordered by the Lucheng brigade of the Wenzhou fire brigade to suspend production and business and impose a fine. June 28th is the deadline for the fire department to check.
One is closed due to the failure of the fire service, what is the fate of another hotel?
On the afternoon of July 4th, the reporter came to the Yun Ding Hotel, where the hotel was locked. From the side door of the open hotel into the hotel lobby, ten male workers sat together watching TV while the other side of the women were doing manual work. The staff at the scene told reporters that the hotel had been closed for a week. In July 3rd, a Mr. surnamed Zhou sent all the arrears of wages to employees in the first few months of this year, and told employees to rest for a few days, but not to leave. The hotel will soon be reopened.
"As soon as we find signs of" wind and grass ", we immediately contact the relevant departments and participate in coordinating the aftermath. Wang Zhengliang, deputy secretary of the Huanglong Street Party committee in Lucheng District of Wenzhou, told reporters that "a business is closed to business, but it must deal with staff salaries and other issues in time, otherwise the impact will be multiplied."
Under the active coordination of Lucheng district government and Huanglong Street office, Mr. Zhou advanced about 1000000 yuan in July 3rd to pay wages to hotel staff. This Mr. Zhou is the landlord of the rental building of the Yun Ding hotel. "I am the landlord, there is no way, now has taken over the hotel, wages will definitely be issued." Mr. Zhou said in a telephone interview with reporters. At the same time, he also said that the supplier of about 7 million yuan should pay the bill and settle it after counting the accounts.
How can an employee's salary be sent to the landlord? Originally, since the hotel ceased in June 28th, the 4 shareholders of the hotel were in a state of "evaporation" outside the contact. Only a shareholder of Hu surnamed Wenzhou on the evening of June 30th gave a brief explanation to the reporter.
Hu Xing shareholders said that the business has been doing well since its opening up. The closure was not caused by poor management, but by the personal debt of Wang, a hotel representative. Because Wang can not be contacted so far, the relationship with Wang has not yet been cleared up, and other shareholders are unwilling to invest any more money, resulting in the hotel's financial crisis and its operational difficulties. A person who claimed to have contacted Wang said that Wang believed that the hotel's operating difficulties were caused by the internal contradictions between shareholders. She had been in the field for six months and invested money in some projects, and indicated that she had the ability to solve the problem in the shortest possible time.
The cost rises, 20% enterprises stop working voluntarily
The two catering enterprises, which are closed for different reasons, are not related to the "collapse tide", but they have attracted a lot of attention in the short term due to the closure of business on the same day. In the eyes of people in Wenzhou who are accustomed to life and death, this is different. "Before, it will not pay attention to a fallen enterprise, it is bad luck; now can not help but to read the news, care about them is concerned about themselves, maybe one day can not support themselves." The person in charge of Wenzhou Chien long leather Co., Ltd. said.
Behind the widespread concern is the serious survival situation of small and medium-sized enterprises under the macroeconomic environment of "three up, three down". The so-called "three up, three down" phenomenon refers to the economic phenomenon of the upward trend of RMB exchange rate, CPI upwards, the increase of business cost, the decline of investment growth rate, the decrease of credit increments, and the pressure of energy saving and emission reduction. Against this background, the operating costs of SMEs are rising and profits are falling. Once the capital turnover is difficult, it will lead to capital chain breaking, thus directly leading enterprises to go bankrupt.
"At present, Wenzhou entrepreneurs, especially small and medium business owners, generally lack confidence." Zhou Dewen, President of Wenzhou SME Development Association, told reporters that the continuous high operating costs led to a continuous decline in the profits of small and medium-sized enterprises. In addition, the current financing difficulties made small and medium-sized entrepreneurs feel that the survival situation is grim and lack of confidence.
Under the pressure of severe survival situation, many small and medium-sized enterprises have changed or chosen to insist on or stop work. These moves became clearer in the two quarter of 2011 in Wenzhou.
Wenzhou Lucheng District Shuang Yu Town, Wenzhou 80%-90% shoe-making enterprises concentrated here.
The streets that were very busy after work in the afternoon were quiet. "This month, 80% of shoe factories are in a state of shutdown." A staff member of the Shuang Yu town government, who did not want to be named, said. At the same time, he repeatedly stressed: "I said the stoppage is not bankrupt, but there are not many." In his eyes, downtime is essentially different from bankruptcy. "Bankruptcy means that you are finished, the company will no longer belong to you, and the shutdowns, factories and equipment are still there, and when you want to produce."
"Downtime is forced, not because there is no single connection, but because of other factors." Hu Liang, manager of a big shoe making enterprise in Shuang Yu Town, told reporters that the price of leather, the main raw material of shoes enterprises, rose rapidly. At present, a piece of leather has increased by seven yuan than before. When employee wages increased by 30% this year, the boss was still trying hard to grab workers. All of them had to be arranged for their employees to eat, live and work. "Really feel" pressure ", if there are other ways, I will not stop working.
The problem of "electricity shortage" and "labor shortage" not only appeared in the shoe enterprises of the two islands, but also existed in the whole of Wenzhou. It is understood that in the first quarter, the electricity shortfall in Wenzhou was about 600 thousand kilowatts, and 3 power cuts had been taken. In the summer peak period, the problem of power shortage is even more prominent. At present, some enterprises have been informed that with the advent of peak summer electricity, the original one Monday power limit may turn into one week, two days, or even more.
Of the 855 enterprises surveyed by the Wenzhou Municipal Economic and Trade Commission, 74.5% of them said they were short of employment, an increase of 14 percentage points over the same period last year. Among the surveyed enterprises, nearly 90% of the enterprises' general wage increased, of which nearly 60% of them were 10% higher than that of the same period last year. Although labor cost increased by 20% - 30% over last year, recruitment difficulties still existed.
According to the statistics of Wenzhou shoe leather industry association, the overall cost of shoemaking in Wenzhou increased by 20% in 2010, due to the impact of rising labor costs and raw material prices. With the increase of the cost of enterprises, the profit of traditional labor-intensive industries like shoemaking has been compressed again and again. "The shoe companies currently in the process of starting up are basically making export orders, and domestic sales have basically stopped in the two islands. A lot of enterprises stop working voluntarily or halt. " Hu Liang said.
Companies that take the initiative to stop or halt work are not only in the shoe industry, but also in the proud Wenzhou lighter industry. The lighter industry in Wenzhou has been from more than 4000 in the last century to less than 100 in 90s. And less than 100 of the lighters in Wenzhou, only 30 of the bosses are concentrating on the operation, and the rest have shifted their focus to real estate, minerals and other industries.
According to the latest findings of the Ministry of industry and commerce, 20% of enterprises in Wenzhou have been closed down. And my judgement is that 20% of SMEs in Wenzhou are in a state of semi shutdown or downtime. The image point is "half alive, and there's only one breath left." Zhou Dewen told reporters. {page_break}
Capital has become the last straw to crush enterprises.
In Hu Liang's eyes, he didn't start the machine because he couldn't earn money and could not support the machine. "In short, stopping is better than going bankrupt. It's better to die than to be lazy." At present, this may be a way of survival for small and medium-sized enterprises.
In mid June, Ye Jianle, the owner of Zhejiang Tianshi Electronics Co., suddenly ran away because of the chain breaking of funds, and the factory was waiting for the workers and creditors to be paid off. In June 24th, at the beginning of this year, Chen Fu Cai, the boss of the three banners group who broke the capital chain breaking, "unexpectedly appeared" a salon event. He said to the outside world, "three flags are in financial crisis and are selling their factories and houses to solve them."
There are different triggers for the "leaving" of these enterprises' bosses, and there are several overlapping factors for the failure of enterprises. However, we can see from this: the broken chain of capital has become the last straw to crush enterprises. In fact, behind every seemingly broken chain of business funds, they are more or less related to private usury.
In the Xinguang Industrial Park in Liushi, Yueqing, the reporter, under the guidance of a business owner who had had business contacts with Tianshi company, saw that the factory building with the words of Zhejiang Tianshi Electronics Limited on the door board had long been completely different.
"The factory has fallen, and the boss has run away. In a few days, the factory can be moved away." Seeing a reporter to interview, the nearby people gathered around and pointed to the empty factory building and told reporters.
At the scene, the reporter saw that the small factory area had been destroyed in a mess: the factory name was picked up, the stainless steel window door was prized away, and the large piece of glass was broken away, and even the high-voltage transformer was not spared.
Zhejiang Tianshi Electronics Co., Ltd. was founded in August 1997, with a registered capital of 20 million 580 thousand yuan. Its business scope is mainly the manufacture, processing and sales of electronic circuit board instruments and meters. The factory building of Tianshi company in Xinguang industrial area covers an area of more than 6000 square meters and employs more than 500 people. The company has strong technical strength and exquisite manufacturing technology, and enjoys a high reputation in the same industry with strict structure and high precision technology.
"The profits of this industry are quite high, with twenty or thirty per cent. Companies like Tianshi are earning $3 million a year." The above owners and business owners of Tianshi company said.
Why did a company with a good prospect in the industry fall out overnight? According to the reporter's understanding, Tianshi company has more than two factories in Yueqing, and there are other investment projects in other places, but some projects haven't brought good effects to Tianshi. "The front line has been stretched too long and borrowed a lot of money from usury. For a long time, banks and private borrowers will rush to return money so that the capital chain will be broken and the company will fall."
In Wenzhou, private lending is available every year, just a little more this year. According to Zhou Dewen estimates, the current scale of private lending in Wenzhou is about 120 billion yuan, much larger than the normal period of about 80 billion yuan in previous years. "And the head of the regulatory body estimates the size of the current scale of private lending in Wenzhou at around 180 billion yuan." Zhou Dewen said.
Behind the "a bit" of private lending in Wenzhou, banks are reluctant to lend under the tightening policy of the state.
In June 14, 2010, the people's Bank of China announced that the deposit reserve ratio of deposit financial institutions increased by 0.5 percentage points from June 20, 2011. This is the people's Bank of China raised the deposit reserve rate for six consecutive times at a frequency of one month, resulting in further tightening of bank credit. According to the calculation, the Central People's Bank of China raises the deposit reserve rate by 0.5%, and it will freeze the capital of commercial banks about 360000000000 yuan. After the six increase, the frozen bank funds exceed 2 trillion, making the bank loan business unavoidably affected.
"Now enterprises do not lack the list, they are short of money." The head of a shoemaking company told reporters that a month ago, he told the bank that the loan was 5 million this month. "I ran for a week and got 2 million of the factory mortgage."
"It's lucky to get the money. Now banks are suffering from shortage of money, especially small banks. Small banks can only struggle in big plates." A loan officer from a local bank in Wenzhou said, "loans in Wenzhou are mainly physical objects, such as factories, and so on. Business reports are generally not referential."
In the lighter industry, there seems to be a consistent action in the banking sector of Wenzhou. In addition to giving loans to the leading enterprises in several lighters in Wenzhou, as well as enterprises with physical property as collateral, such as factories, the rest of the lighters' request for loans will be declined by Bank of China.
This is not good news for SMEs in Wenzhou.
Where is the way of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises?
In May this year, a research report jointly issued by the two level Banking Supervision Bureau of Zhejiang and Wenzhou showed that although the current monetary policy had some pressure on the financing of enterprises, it did not fundamentally affect the overall development of Wenzhou enterprises as a whole. Statistics from the Wenzhou Administration for Industry and Commerce showed that, at the end of the first quarter, although the number of private enterprises in the city was 534, the decrease was 14.56% compared to the same period. However, the total number of registered private enterprises in the city has reached a record high of 73 thousand and 200 yuan, with a registered capital of 206 billion 310 million 960 thousand yuan, an increase of 15.11% and 28.37% over the same period last year.
But unlike official data, it is difficult for SMEs in Wenzhou to borrow money at present. "Even if the loan is paid, banks often carry out a policy of floating 30% to 50% of the benchmark interest rate for small businesses, plus the deposit return and the payment of financial intermediary fees. The actual cost of loans is very high." Zhou Dewen told reporters.
Once the enterprise can not borrow money from the bank and the machine is waiting to start, "the private lending between enterprises can only be guaranteed through mutual guarantees." A leather business owner told reporters, "in Wenzhou, business owners are familiar with each other, friends or friends with friends to guarantee each other, from Guarantee corporation or underground bank financing." However, the risk of this way is relatively large. If there is a link or a business capital problem in this capital chain, there will be a "Domino domino effect". All enterprises in this capital chain will have a huge chain effect.
Jiangnan Leather Co., Ltd., which was closed in April, is an example. The closure of Jiangnan Leather Co. Ltd directly involved nearly 70 suppliers, some banks and a number of Guarantee corporation that have not yet surfaced.
It is understood that a total of about 10 banks to Jiangnan Leather Co., Ltd. and its associated companies loans amounted to about 140 million yuan. According to a person familiar with the matter, there are not so many banks that have direct loans with Jiangnan Leather Co., Ltd.
For some Guarantee Corporation linked to Jiangnan leather, they did not go to the liquidation group to register their claims and debts. People familiar with the matter believe that some Guarantee Corporation's money is coming from private fundraising. Therefore, Guarantee Corporation is worried that if some investors know that money has been locked up, they will come to ask for money, which will cause greater trouble. In addition, people who take money to lend in Wenzhou are generally familiar with the "rules of the game".
According to the statistics of the intermediate people's Court of Wenzhou, in March 2011 -5, the court of Wenzhou handled 2628 cases of private lending disputes, an increase of 474 over the same period last year. The total amount of the cases was as high as 900 million yuan. That is to say, in a short span of three months, the average daily occurrence of disputes in the whole city of Wenzhou was about 30 yuan.
Despite the fact that the risk of private lending has been put on the table, there is still a lot of traffic in Wenzhou's Guarantee Corporation and consignment shops. Every day in big newspapers in Wenzhou there will be a large version of the big money seeking advertisement. Zhou Dewen said he now receives at least three or four foreign people who want to raise funds in Wenzhou every day, and receives a large number of financing calls.
According to the results of a sample survey conducted by Wenzhou finance office for 350 enterprises in Wenzhou, at the end of the first quarter of 2011, the proportion of the three funds of self financing, bank loans and private lending was 56:28:16, and the proportion of bank loans decreased by 2 percentage points compared with the same period last year. The proportion of private lending increased by 6 percentage points over the same period last year.
Today, private lending in Wenzhou is rising and prices are rising. "If you have money to get to Wenzhou, I'll give you 3 to 4 points." The manager of a Guarantee Corporation in Wenzhou said. According to him, at present, the interest rate of private lending has been a bit high. The monthly interest rate of short-term loans is 6 to 8 points, and three or four points for more than half a year. The 6 interest rate is 72%, and the 8 profit is 96%. It is understood that the recent private lending market in Wenzhou, the interest rate level has exceeded the highest historical value, and some even as high as 1 monthly gross interest rate 5, that is, annual interest rate of 180%.
At such a high interest rate, borrowing from the Guarantee Corporation is "either crazy or stimulating hedging games, or being driven to a dead end, and badly in need of capital turnover." A small business owner told reporters.
To find money, there is another way for Wenzhou entrepreneurs to find a small loan company.
In 2008, Zhejiang pioneered the pilot of small loan companies in the whole country, and a number of small loan companies were set up in Wenzhou. However, according to the latest findings of the Wenzhou Municipal Bureau of Commerce and industry, a total of 23 small loan companies in Wenzhou have registered capital of 5 billion 220 million yuan and bank financing of 2 billion 510 million yuan, with a total sum of 7 billion 730 million yuan. "Now small loan companies do not have the money to lend." {page_break}
How to move towards transformation and upgrading in labor pains
Lack of money is a common problem encountered by SMEs nowadays. But the "money shortage" is just a representation. Enterprises can not grasp the expected certainty and difficult to adapt to the tight macroeconomic regulation and control. Coupled with multiple factors such as rising raw material prices and rising labor costs, the current difficulties faced by SMEs are "how to ensure supply" rather than "finding demand".
"Now I can't survive. I have many bills in my hand, and I can get the list, but I have to plan for the future." In Shuang Yu Town, reporters heard more than once the voice of entrepreneurs.
The head of a large shoe making enterprise in Wenzhou told reporters: "since last year, central and Western officials have come to me for a long time, so long as they invest a certain amount of money there, the land there is white." Now that business is so difficult, I'm also in a heartbeat.
In the face of business difficulties, Wenzhou's economy is also facing a "regional war". "Many enterprises in Wenzhou are reluctant to stay in Wenzhou now. This situation is not only in Wenzhou, but also in Zhejiang province. " A person from the economic operation Department of Wenzhou economic and Trade Commission said. In the face of difficulties in business operation, the government's policy guidance has great influence on the future planning of enterprises. At present, many enterprises in Wenzhou have shifted their production base to the central and western regions. The efforts of these governments to attract foreign investment are also great. Preferential policies such as free land use and tax relief are not available to coastal areas such as Wenzhou.
At present, the difficulties in the operation of SMEs are not only due to the tightening of money supply, but because the opportunities for traditional labor-intensive enterprises are becoming narrower and narrower.
At the end of May 2011, the Zhejiang Federation of industry and Commerce launched a survey report on the development of small industrial enterprises in Zhejiang. The research report, which took 2 months, concluded that if the economic policy continues to tighten, the small industrial enterprises supporting the half of the private economy will fall into another round of development difficulties since the 2008 international financial crisis.
In this regard, some people who hold positive views believe that this will push Zhejiang SMEs to intensify transformation and upgrading. In the case of rising prices of raw materials, rising labor costs, raising financing costs and RMB appreciation, enterprises can only increase production efficiency and value-added products through transformation and upgrading, so as to maintain and improve market share on the premise of ensuring profits.
"Transformation and upgrading are easier said than done." A Wenzhou entrepreneur is so exclaimed. Transformation can not be achieved overnight. The characteristics of Wenzhou industry are "low, small, scattered and weak". The products are low-end, small in scale, scattered in distribution, and weak in risk resistance. It is hard to avoid the fact that Wenzhou, which relies on foreign trade and small commodity economy, has no clear direction in terms of industrial transformation.
"Life is more important than upgrading. It seems to be wishful thinking for small and medium-sized enterprises to talk about transformation." Zhou Guanxin, director of the Zhejiang Provincial Federation of industry and commerce, pointed out impolitely.
"There are 36 enterprises in Wenzhou, 99% of them are small and medium-sized enterprises, and few are really upgrading." Zhou Dewen told reporters that the reason for this is that Wenzhou's small and medium-sized enterprises are mostly family workshops. Even after they grow, they are mostly family businesses. The degree of organization is low, and the enthusiasm for mergers and acquisitions is not high. These small and medium-sized enterprises are concentrated in low value-added industries, and have a "no heart turning and no turning" attitude towards the upgrading of transformation.
In recent years, entrepreneurs in Zhejiang, especially in Wenzhou, have a blundering trend. Some entrepreneurs, after making money, take the money to fight in the virtual economic field, such as real estate and stock market, which are "quick money". The focus of the enterprise is no longer in the real economic field, which directly leads enterprises to have no intention nor to make transformation and upgrading. "If entrepreneurs fail to deal with this impetuous mentality correctly, how can we talk about transformation and upgrading?"
The process of transformation and upgrading of enterprises needs a process. This process is very painful. It requires the firm firm will and clear and effective transformation and upgrading of enterprises, and the support of government departments and the improvement of external economic environment.
In the interview, deputy director of the Financial Research Institute of the State Council Development Research Center, in an interview, said that the current policy direction should be to actively promote the transformation of SMEs. He suggested that in macroeconomic policy, we should consider increasing interest rates to curb inflation expectations while appropriately reducing the reserve ratio to improve the credit environment of the real economy, especially small and medium-sized enterprises. By reducing the tax revenue of SMEs, we can reduce the pressure faced by SMEs in transformation, and at the same time, focus on promoting technological upgrading of SMEs. We should encourage mergers and acquisitions among SMEs by means of finance, taxation and other means to promote the benign expansion of SMEs through mergers and acquisitions.
Since the promulgation of the new "36 articles" last year, there has been little policy implementation, and the government should conscientiously implement the new "36 item" policy. At the same time, enterprises themselves should also enhance their confidence and keep the main business and avoid blind expansion. Zhou Dewen said.
"Through the public platform, we can help small businesses solve common needs, unimpede information channels, improve business management, and achieve innovation and development." In May, the Research Report of Zhejiang Federation of industry and Commerce pointed out that, in addition, trade associations and chambers of commerce should also fulfill their functions of serving small businesses and help small businesses grow healthily.
Promoting transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises is a comprehensive systematic project which requires mutual assistance and efforts from all sides. From this perspective, in addition to credit loosening, SMEs need more solutions to help them enhance their core competitiveness and speed up the transformation and upgrading of their product mix.
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- Kidd Produces Viscose Pearl Fiber Blended Yarn
- Chinese Sports Brand Competition Intensifies Or Sprouted New Pattern
- Dress Brand: Fabric Quality &Nbsp; Please Follow My Footsteps Closely.
- 尚默品牌女裝帶著童心未泯的你回到昨天
- "Golden Fox" 2011/12 New Products Released In Autumn And Winter
- Versace Cooperates With H&M
- Synchronous Design Of Fabric And Clothing &Nbsp; Shishi Enterprise Is Smart Enough To Break Through The Bottleneck.
- Quotation Of Cotton Yarn Quoted Price In Hebei Shandong Henan Area