The Burden Of Private Enterprises Is Heavy, And There Are Many Taxes And Fees.

　　 Heavy tax burden

The heavy burden of private enterprises is a hot topic for entrepreneurs.

Song Ya Yang, general manager of the National People's Congress and general manager of Hongzhi electrical appliances Co., Ltd. of Zhanjiang, Guangdong, has fingered the taxes and charges that SMEs need to pay. 10 fingers have been broken off, but these taxes have not been enumerated.

In March 12th, during the meeting, song accepted the interview with this newspaper. In addition to the statutory tax burden, there are still a large number of fees, which are much higher than the normal tax revenue, and all kinds of fees are increasing.

The taxes and fees enumerated by song included: farmland occupation tax, state-owned construction land use fee, land use right transfer fee, value added tax, income tax, sewage charge, infrastructure matching fee, civil defense fee, education fund fee, medical expenses, and public security management fee. This is not the only one.

In Song Yayang's view, the tax burden paid by enterprises is that the various fees charged by the tax revenue are far greater than the statutory tax revenue.

"As far as I know, if the enterprise is just starting up, or the small and micro enterprises with a smaller scale and can not enjoy the preferential tax benefits, the tax burden will certainly be higher than the national average, and the cost will be more varied."

According to the data released by relevant departments, "the average tax burden of general enterprises is around 23%, including value-added tax, income tax and other statutory taxes." Song understands that the data of some enterprises far exceed this figure. It shows that besides the statutory tax burden, there are still a lot of fees and charges, which are much higher than regular taxes, and all kinds of fees are increasing.

Coincidentally, in the CPPCC group discussion, CPPCC member, vice chairman of Zhejiang Federation of overseas Chinese and Chen Lijun, chief executive officer of Hangzhou Hua RI Industrial Investment Co., Ltd. also complained about the tax burden of small and medium-sized private enterprises. "We can earn a dollar, which has at least half of the taxes and fees."

The Central Committee of the people's Republic of China and the National Federation of industry and commerce also found that the small and medium-sized entities are facing the pressure of "too high cost and too little profit".

Therefore, members and representatives constantly appealed for enterprises to reduce burdens on various occasions.

　　 Worry about hollowing out

Paradoxically, a lot of Small and medium sized enterprises Because of the difficulty of financing and bankruptcy, the boss "run"; on the other hand, a large number of private capital can not enter because of various investment threshold, only speculation, stir fried agricultural products [12.22 1.08% shares, research report], fried precious metals.

CPPCC members have learned that there is "polarization" between upstream and downstream enterprises in the industry chain. Downstream private SMEs face many difficulties such as financing difficulties and labor shortage.

In the long run of innovation, the committee members see that enterprise innovation requires high investment and high risk. SMEs are generally innovating and transforming resources are insufficient, and their capabilities are not enough.

At the same time, affected by the international financial crisis, the market demand has shrunk, orders have been substantially reduced, and the excess capacity of small and medium-sized entities is serious. "At present, the plight of SMEs may be even more difficult than the 2008 financial crisis." Zun Zongshen, chairman and President of the CPPCC National Committee, Zong Shen industry group.

"Doing business is better than making speculation and investing more money and making money faster," the members pointed out. In the long run, the hollowing of the real economy is worrying.

Gu Shengzu, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the judicial committee of the interior and judiciary, also bluntly stated that a large number of private capital was free from the real economy and became the "hot money" and "hot money" of the speculation assets. Such as private capital abundant Wenzhou area, according to the central bank investigation, at present, its private lending market has exceeded 100 billion yuan, but more than 60% entered the non entity economy domain.

Members worry about further hollow of the real economy.

　 Tax reduction and financing

To solve the plight of the survival of small and medium enterprises, tax cuts have become the consensus of the business community and some local officials.

Deputy to the National People's Congress and vice chairman of the CPPCC, Shanwei, Guangdong. public Interest Party Li Bingji, chairman of the Shanwei Municipal Committee, said the data show that small and micro enterprises pay an annual increase of 13.1% in tax revenue, and there is room for reducing the tax burden of such enterprises.

Li Jianyi, referring to the practice of adjusting the enterprise standards according to the national statistical caliber, raised the standard of the general taxpayer from 500 thousand yuan to 5 million yuan, and the value-added tax rate should be reduced to 6% according to the industries such as small hydropower and tap water, that is, the minimum tax rate of 6% of the pilot project of Shanghai value-added tax reform, and the "small and micro enterprises" "fish culture".

Zun Zongshen presented to the General Assembly this year's special proposal to increase structural tax reduction and promote the transformation and development of SMEs.

The proposal suggests that small and micro enterprises be allowed to apply the business tax or value-added tax threshold, or directly change the starting point of business tax and value added tax to the amount of exemption. Similar to Li Pin Chi, Zun Zongshen also proposed to relax the standard restrictions on small and micro businesses enjoying preferential tax rates.

Zuo also suggested that the tax rate of the financial and insurance industry, the service industry and the transfer of intangible assets should be reduced from 5% to 3%.

Besides tax cuts, the old problems of financing difficulties should also be solved. Song Ya Yang said, at present, small and medium-sized enterprises have no brand at first, second has no assets, third has no technology, fourth has no funds, and fourth points are the worst.

How can we solve the problem of financing? Song said it can not rely on big banks. "Big banks' loans to these small and medium sized enterprises are very expensive, and the procedures are very cumbersome. And you have no assets big banks will not support you."

Song suggested that special risk funds should be set up at the national policy level to guarantee SME loans, while local banks and small and medium banks should be encouraged to lend loans to small and micro enterprises.

Of course, financing is sometimes not only a matter of banks, but also a problem for enterprises themselves.

Song suggested that small and medium-sized enterprises should also keep abreast of some policies of banks. "Now banks have some policies, but propaganda is not in place. For example, some places can use order financing, mortgage financing and so on. If these policies can really be applied, it will be very helpful to small and medium-sized enterprises." {{page_break}

　　 The dilemma of "non-public 36"

Members of the committee are concerned about how to create an environment from the system and let a large number of private capital emerge.

Gu Shengzu said that although the government has introduced "non-public 36" and "new 36", but because of the "glass door", private capital investment is nowhere or "squeezed out", it is difficult to enter the financial industry, infrastructure, social undertakings and other fields, only in the low-end manufacturing industry "red sea" brutal competition.

As a bottom entrepreneur, Song Yayang has a deep understanding of the "discrimination" of private enterprises.

"What is revealed in the society is that it is easy for state-owned enterprises to acquire private enterprises. More representative is the acquisition of Mengniu by COFCO, which was successfully acquired. However, it is very difficult for private enterprises to participate in the acquisition of some state-owned economy. On the one hand, although we have this policy, local governments often block you back with the loss of state assets.

Result Private enterprises Often in the relevant departments' re research and research, it has been difficult to wait for several years.

Under the stalemate, private capital can not enter the upstream resource industry, resulting in a great evil. "The important resources in the upstream are strictly controlled in the hands of large enterprises, and the pricing power does not go according to the market. Therefore, the raw materials used by our private enterprises in the middle reaches are very low in bargaining power. But the downstream market is fully liberalized and fully competitive. The pricing power is not determined by the enterprises themselves. So at the moment, we feel that there is a semi market economy, and the interests of many enterprises are very thin. Song said.

Song suggested that the rules of "non-public 36" and "new 36" should be formulated and implemented so as to create a real market competition in the upstream resource field.

"All resources should be involved in the market, in accordance with market rules, and pricing through market regulation. I suggest that countries in this area should study policies and implement detailed rules."