How Should The Wool Textile Industry Upgrade And Upgrade?

"Can you tell me why this year?" as soon as I saw reporters, Guo Dasheng, the director of Hua Qi Knitting Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Hua Qi knit") first threw out the question. "Is it because of the European debt crisis?" if it was not for the gloomy business this year, Guo couldn't have linked the strange words from TV to himself.

From the beginning of the year to the present, more than 200 employees in the glorious era now have only more than 40.

Speaking of these circumstances, Guo Dasheng was disheartened.

Hua Qi knitting is one of more than 3000 woollen weaving factories in Dalang town of Dongguan.

The feeling of enterprises is not uncommon in Dalang town.

The reality of the pformation of SMEs is facing the reality.

More serious than in 2008.

Dalang, Dongguan, has the title of "China's famous sweater town". The industrial cluster with Dalang as the center has more than 8000 woollen enterprises, of which more than 3000 are Dalang towns, and the data do not include thousands of woollen shops without industrial and commercial registration.

According to the statistics of Guangdong foreign trade and Economic Cooperation Department, there are 1 billion 200 million sweaters distributed in Dalang every year, 60% exported to more than 80 countries and regions such as Italy and the United States, and in 2011 Dalang exported 7 billion 823 million US dollars of woolen textiles.

In Dalang, Dongguan, the reporter interviewed four woolen enterprises. The company said this year's survival environment is more severe than the 2008 financial crisis.

Guo Qing Dasheng has been involved in the wool weaving industry for more than 10 years, and Hua Qi knitting factory has been built for 7 years.

Guo Dasheng recalled that from 2001 to 2002, it was the best time for wool weaving to do business. At that time, the 4 gates of the old factory were open to visitors all the time, and the machine kept turning axially.

This is the most dismal year since the financial crisis.

Fu Zhien, director of the Dalang Municipal Bureau of foreign economic relations and trade, told our reporter that the export of big Mao's textile products was dominated by the European market. Under the influence of the whole international situation, especially the weakness of European economy, there was a certain pressure on the export orders of enterprises.

But this year, because the order season of wool industry is in 6 and July, it is necessary to identify the downturn after that.

There is no business to do, but workers have to support it.

This reporter saw in the factory of Hua Qi knitting, there are more than ten women workers in the operation of sewing.

After deducting factory rent and worker's wages, this year, the knitting cost of Hua Qi has lost more than ten thousand.

"Although there is no order now, we can not do nothing at all. Now let the workers do something. We hope to sell it in the second half of the year when the wool market is good."

Guo Dasheng said.

In another small factory specializing in weaving (a segment of wool weaving process), Liu boss revealed that in the past, when business was good, it could earn three hundred or four hundred a day, and now it could only earn eighty or ninety, and the staff from the previous more than 40 to only 6 now.

Since 2010, Liu has invested all the hard-earned money to buy 20 home-made computer computers, tens of thousands of dollars and tens of thousands of cheap ones.

He said that now these machines are not sold for ten thousand yuan.

Though large companies with abundant capital seem much better than these small businesses, they can not hide the serious worries of their operators in the predicament.

Zhuo Wei Group Co., Ltd. is the leading enterprise in Dalang town's wool textile industry, and Eastern Europe is its main market.

General manager Li Wenkai said that the order of this year was significantly lower than in previous years, at least 30%, and the situation in the second half of the year was also not optimistic.

Ceng Tianren, chief executive of another leading enterprise, Ying Qi Industrial Co., Ltd., said that orders for this year are expected to drop by 10% over the previous year.

He disclosed that in the late 90s of last century, gross profit of export wool fabrics could reach 30% or even 50%, and now only 5% to 8%, and it would be a loss if they were careless.

The downturn in the terminal market is affecting the entire industrial chain. The days of the upstream mills of woollen mills are also very difficult.

A factory owner who monopolizes blended yarn told our reporter that the price of blended yarn has returned to the level of the beginning of this year. The price of cotton yarn has been falling and the cost of logistics has remained high. The owner disclosed that a ton of blended yarn from Zhejiang would cost 600 yuan.

Floating exchange rate is also the heart of foreign trade enterprises.

Ceng Tianren disclosed that the foreign trade industry generally takes 3~6 months to recover the funds. Once last year, Ying Qi had a sum of money dragged on until new year's day. Unfortunately, it suffered RMB appreciation and the company lost 1 million 500 thousand yuan at a time.

Transformation and upgrading of a few enterprises

As the first batch of Guangdong provincial foreign trade pformation and upgrading professional demonstration base, research and inspection personnel, Da Long Mao garment industry base has received batch after batch.

However, our reporter's on-the-spot investigation found that the hot "pformation and upgrading" is only a way out for a few enterprises.

As Li Wenkai said, such a grim situation prompted the industry to reshuffle, for large enterprises, it is a good opportunity to enhance one step, and for small and micro enterprises, it is about survival.

In the face of our reporter's question "have you ever thought of pformation and upgrading?" Guo Dasheng smiled and said, "the general direction is right, but like our small business, there is no money, two no technology, how to upgrade?"

Not only is it difficult for them to pform and upgrade, but in a limited market space, the market strategy of big enterprises is slightly adjusted, which has a great impact on them.

Hua Qi knitting is mainly sold domestically, and is produced in the workshop of Dalang, and its products are shipped to Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Humen and other places.

Last year, I wanted to make the pition, but the foreign trade was depressed. But now the domestic sale is so difficult. Guo Dasheng is full of doubts. "Do you mean that those big factories are not going to sell their products to domestic sales now?"

Guo Dasheng told our reporter that many Woolen Mills in Dalang were husband and wife files. They saved money by doing business to buy Computer looms. They paid the down payment and then paid installments. Once the month was not paid, they would be locked, so that they could not start work, and they could not repay the money.

And the way to strengthen R & D is not feasible for Guo Dasheng. "Now there are too many copies of the market, so today your version is good enough to sell. After three days, it is full of streets."

Guo Dasheng said that enterprises like them had no alternative but to die.

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The Dongguan municipal government has many subsidies for the pformation and upgrading of enterprises. Among them, the subsidy policy for purchasing computer looms is to buy an imported machine to subsidize 3000 yuan, and a domestic machine to subsidize 2000 yuan.

But this preferential policy is far away from the small and medium-sized enterprises unable to purchase machinery.

If you want to borrow money, there is no fixed asset as collateral.

Fu Zhien also said that SMEs are really hard at this stage. He has made a metaphor that "poor people are most vulnerable to economic and social crises, and those who are well-off can still protect themselves."

In the case of "cake" limited or even reduced, SMEs are more difficult to compete with large enterprises.

"But this does not mean giving up small and medium-sized enterprises."

Fu Zhien said that the 1 billion yuan loan scheme launched recently in Dongguan is specifically aimed at financing 5 million ~3000 million small and medium-sized enterprises. The Dalang town government will also help local SMEs enjoy preferential treatment in the city if their support funds are limited.

Fu Zhien believes that the goals and contents of pformation and upgrading vary from enterprise to enterprise. It is not necessary for all enterprises to get together to do research and development and improve automation level, and do not encourage enterprises without financial strength to borrow money to buy CNC looms. Strengthening management mode, improving labor productivity and reducing production cost are also contents of pformation and upgrading.

For large enterprises, buying computer looms, improving labor productivity, developing domestic markets, cultivating their own brands and enhancing the added value of products are all possible directions for pformation and upgrading.

Li Wenkai realized that the situation will continue to be grim only by OEM processing.

Therefore, they started from strengthening research and development, from the previous one or two versions only, and now there are more than ten items available for customers to choose, thus mastering the pricing power.

Zhuo group also plans to set up a clothing company in Guangzhou to cultivate designers and brand marketing teams, so as to continuously expand domestic sales and to occupy more market share as far as possible.

In addition, Zhuo Wei Group is also planning to set up an e-commerce team of 100 people.

Li Wenkai revealed that R & D and terminal sales will be the two key links he will focus on in the future, while the intermediate processing and manufacturing will be reduced. At present, the size of the workers from the previous 500 people has been reduced to about 100, and the order is also outsourced to the professional foundry as far as possible.

Ying Qi, who is also a leading enterprise in Tai Long Mao, still focuses on production.

Ceng Tianren told our reporter that Ying Qi had one thousand computer looms, and that the amount of assets invested in this part of the project amounted to more than 3 billion.

The official who once served as a city official in Fujian has his insistence. He said that when a child is born, it must feed it and raise it, even if it is an industry that is "good at nothing but hard to earn money".

Ying Qi has opened 4 branch factories in Guangxi. At present, the problem of employment has not been solved very well, and the problem of employment has been well solved.

"After several years of economic crisis baptism, most enterprises' attitude towards pformation and upgrading has become more confident and clearer from wait-and-see and suspicion.

However, pformation and upgrading is a complex matter. Enterprises themselves need to be clear about their positioning. The government can only guide and provide services from the perspective of the whole industry, and can not be specific to every enterprise.

Fu Zhien said.

Fu Zhien said that in order to optimize the industrial structure of Da Long Mao, the government needs to support several leading enterprises that have strong conditions and strength to become bigger and stronger. In addition, big enterprises will promote small and medium-sized enterprises if they become bigger and stronger. After large enterprises increase their R & D ratio, they can pfer some of the previous production orders to the hands of small and medium-sized enterprises. The introduction of numerical control looms by large enterprises will also encourage redundant labor to flow to small and medium-sized enterprises.

Transformation has not yet been successful.

"Transformation is easy and upgrading is difficult".

Ying Qi's brand "Ying Qi Qi" has a history of 5 years. As early as 2007, it won the title of "Guangdong famous brand product", but the real effort to make the brand started last year.

"To be a brand, we must first consider our own endurance."

Ceng Tianren said that now he has invested tens of millions of dollars in brand stores and is still in the stage of "burning money". He hopes that in 3 years, he can achieve balance of payments on the brand.

Another way to take the brand is Zhuo Wei.

Li Wenkai envisaged that the wholesale market of advanced armies should be built at the end of the year and then opened to stores.

Last year, he made preparations for the brand and made field trips around the country.

At present, it has invested seven million and eight million in brand management. Li Wenkai knows very well that "at least the first five years are raising brands".

At present, the woolen weaving enterprises are depressed. Both companies have invested heavily in other industries to support huge investment in the wool industry. Zhuo has its own real estate industry.

But their consensus is that we cannot abandon the main business of wool weaving.

Li Wenkai has many problems, one of which is the new challenge of management under the changing environment of enterprises.

Li Wenkai said that the former workers were all in 60s and 70s, and now they are "post-80s" and "post-90s". These new generation workers wear two headphones to listen to music, hair dyed yellow, strong personality and higher welfare requirements.

This change requires enterprises to have a more inclusive management mode and to provide better benefits.

What worries Li Wenkai is that good people do not want to come to Dalang.

Therefore, he tried every means to attract talents, and on the morning of the reporter's interview, Li Wen Kai also went to the Dongguan municipal government to see Xu Jianhua, Secretary of the municipal Party committee, and discuss the matter of building a woolen talent apartment in Dalang.

Affected by the aging of the population, the labor force is decreasing every year, and skilled skilled workers are becoming more and more difficult to recruit.

Fu Zhien told our reporter that in order to attract talents, Dalang has recently signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Songshan Lake, a new hi tech Industrial Park in Dongguan, striving to integrate with Songshan Lake in the living environment and working environment, and attract talents with lower living costs and higher quality of life.

It is also a worry for them to grasp the market.

Ceng Tianren said, at present, the domestic consumption is very different. One garment can sell thirty or two thousand or three thousand, and the purchase orientation of consumers is puzzled by manufacturers. Is it going to take the low-end route, win the mass market, or make products with high added value?

Since 2007, Dongguan formally established the "dual economic and social pformation strategy", so far, industrial pformation and upgrading have been going on for 5 years.

Peng Peng, vice president and senior researcher of Guangdong comprehensive reform and Development Research Institute, has evaluated the effectiveness of Dongguan's pformation and upgrading in the past 5 years with "revolution yet to succeed".

Peng Peng believes that the pressure on Dongguan's exports has been very high recently, and that the economic growth rate has been relatively backward. This shows that Dongguan has not yet been out of the throes of pain. Although it claims that the price of economic deceleration will be replaced by the next round of high-speed development, it is still not clear whether it can be realized.

"Dongguan's export-oriented economic characteristics make it mainly rely on processing and earning profits, and lack of independent brands, so it has been hit more in the current economic crisis."

Peng Peng said, "in contrast, Shunde, Foshan, because of the different development models with Dongguan, mainly based on local enterprises, with strong embeddedness, and internal and external needs of enterprises, both exports and domestic market support. Therefore, the export slowdown under the impact of the financial crisis is much less.

Although the scale of Dongguan's economy is larger than that of Shunde, there are still some problems in its stamina. "

In addition, Peng Peng investigated the industrial pfer park of Shilong (Shixing) in Dongguan, and found that there were not many industries that had been pferred out. The government still limited the way of "changing the cage for birds", while enterprises needed some professional support when upgrading and upgrading.