Introduction To Materials And Techniques Of Modern Sports Shoes

People's living standards have been improved, and people's physical and spiritual needs have just been satisfied.

People who are satisfied with their needs see Yu Laiyu as a healthy person. People in modern life gradually put sports on the agenda, and the trend is on the rise.

Sport is no longer an athlete's patent. Everyone is an athlete. Everyone loves sports.

A good pair of sports shoes suitable for sports is important for people who love sports.

The development of modern footwear industry has led to a revolution in materials and technology.

Material selection is the key to making a good pair of shoes.

Generally speaking, sneakers are divided into three parts: outsole, midsole and vamp.

The selection of these three parts is different.

(upper) the material in the outsole is mainly rubber.

[Outsole - outsole] function: providing friction and wear resistance is the first line of defense for external shocks.

There are usually several kinds of materials: Carbon Rubber /BRS 1000 - carbon rubber, a material with excellent wear-resisting properties, and the only kind of rubber that bears the impression.

Generally used for running shoes.

The addition of carbon fiber to the rubber is compacted, abrasion resistant and non slip. It increases the grip.Solid Rubber - hard rubber the most commonly used rubber.

Stable performance, wear resistance and skid resistance.

It's often used in basketball shoes and all-around shoes.

It contains 60% synthetic rubber and 40% natural rubber, and has good wearability. Hard rubber technology and application (upper) rubber are mixed with a large amount of sulphur, and vulcanized rubber can be obtained after vulcanization.

Diene rubber such as natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber and nitrile rubber can be vulcanized into vulcanized rubber.

In addition, rubber containing vinyl can be made of sulfur free hard rubber at high temperature (200-300 degree), high pressure and oxygen free condition without heating with sulfur.

Hard rubber is a black horny hard substance at room temperature. It has good chemical stability. It is not easy to be aged at room temperature. It has excellent chemical resistance and organic solvent corrosion resistance, low water absorption, high tensile strength and breaking strength, and excellent electrical insulation properties.

The main disadvantage of hard rubber is its brittleness. It is easily broken when it is attacked, and it is also limited in sunlight or ultraviolet color.

Hard rubber can be used for the manufacture of electrical insulating products. It is mainly used for chemical corrosion resistant tanks, pipes, pumps lining, battery housing and pen tongue.

The film made of microporous hard rubber is widely used in the separator of positive and negative batteries.

Hard rubber also has special vocal performance, which can be used for musical instruments and clarinet.

Hard rubber has better bond strength with metals, so it is commonly used as a bonding layer for bonding soft rubber to metal, making rubber rollers, light load solid tyres and chemical linings.

DRC (Durable Rubber Compound) - abrasion resistant rubber is a tough and durable rubber.

It is especially suitable for making tennis shoes.

Compacts made of synthetic rubber based on hard rubber, good abrasion resistance,.Gum Rubber / Natural Rubber - natural rubber (upper) is soft but not wearable.

But its excellent friction is used to make some indoor sports shoes, such as volleyball and badminton.

Compressed natural rubber and synthetic rubber, soft and flexible,.Regrind - environment-friendly rubber, a wear-resistant material containing 10% recycled rubber.

It can reduce the waste of rubber and play the role of environmental protection.

Duralon - inflatable rubber containing air rubber.

When impacted by external forces, the gas in the rubber is pressed out, which has a certain slow action.

An artificial soft rubber provides light weight, shockproof effect and increased grip..Sticky Rubber - sticky rubber is used for bodybuilding shoes, rock climbing sole and so on. It has good skid resistance.

(upper) here is a Spanish brand Boreal, a brand specializing in the production of rock climbing shoes.

This can be a good understanding of the sticky rubber.

At the beginning of the special climbing shoes 40 years ago, the stickiness of the sole was not high until 1988, when Boreal unintentionally noticed the high ground of the tyres used by the formula one sports car, so the high sticky rubber was used to make rock climbing shoes. So the world's first double high sticky shoe rock climbing shoes, "Fire", came on the face of the world.

The appearance of "Fire" has greatly shocked the world's rock climbing circles, because the viscosity of "Fire" is very high. In the past, the extremely difficult rock walls were easy to get up at the same time, which greatly improved the technology of rock climbers.

Meanwhile, other manufacturers have also launched their high viscosity soles, thus creating a high viscosity climbing shoe soles.

Today, Boreal's sticky soles have progressed to the third generation of Fusion S-3.

Performance is much better than before, and Boreal has become the world's leading rock climbing shoe manufacturer and the best choice for rock climbers.

Fusion S-3 high viscosity rubber Boreal high viscosity soles have been progressed to the third generation. The new formula Fusion S-3 adhesive has a good performance in wear resistance besides the higher viscosity than the previous generation.

The middle sole is mainly rubber and plastic [Midsole - midsole] function: providing cushioning, stability and bending, is the most important part of shoes.

EVA - foam material with light and cost bottom.

EVA plastic particles are heated and foamed first, with a rough surface and light texture. (upper) Phylon - lightweight materials are developed from EVA.

Materials with light weight, flexible texture and slightly higher cost.

It is easy to identify because it produces tiny wrinkles.

The PHYLON plastic particles are heated and foamed first and then pressed into the model for pressure cooling. The surface is white and wrinkled, providing light weight and shockproof. Microporous rubber and Phylon, polyurethane composite materials can effectively absorb vibration caused by walking and slow down the fatigue of the sole.

PHYLON, in addition to its general EVA/PHYLON shock absorption function and rubber outsole wear resistance, it is lightweight and elegant in appearance, and has excellent rebound performance. It provides a good energy return.

We can verify it by elastic experiments: the same weight steel balls fall from the same height to different PHYLON/EVA, and the steel balls falling on the PHYLON are much higher than other materials.

PU (Polyurethane) - polyurethane is the most tough and highest strength material.

Smooth, and has a rubber texture.

This is the most widely used material and the most important material in the bottom.

Because new materials are produced on the basis of the material itself or by combining with other materials.

So this material is very important for the manufacturing process of sports shoes.

PU foam is dissolved into jelly and reheated into the mold to heat up the foam and smooth the surface. It will become yellow and corroded for a long time. It provides shock absorption and stability. The basic uses of polyurethane are 1: the clothing and sports goods polyurethane has changed the style of clothing and played a role in our life.

Its representative products are elastic, flexible, elastic and flexible spandex elastic fibers.

Besides being used in powder puffs, pantyhose and socks for ladies' make-up, they are also used in ski shirts and bathing suits to make the most of their elongation.

In terms of skiing, yachting and other sporting goods, polyurethane coatings are selected for their excellent wear resistance and weather resistance.

The rigid foam with light weight and good abrasion resistance is used as core material for skiing boards and surfboards. The polyurethane elastomers with excellent elasticity and wear resistance are used as sole of sports shoes.

2: daily necessities in household products, polyurethane products show their comfort.

Polyurethane paint has beautiful luster on the surface of musical instruments such as furniture and piano, and plays a strong protective role.

Soft foam is used as the most commonly used cushion material and healthy bedding for dispersing human pressure.

In terms of kitchen supplies, rigid foam is applied to heat insulation materials such as refrigerators.

Polyurethane resins with good adhesion to plastic films are used as food packaging adhesives.

It also has applications in sealing materials, diapers and physiological products of water purifier.

Polyurethane elastomers, which are harmless to human body, are also expanding in their uses.

In addition, in our lives, polyurethane, synthetic leather, foam and so on are made into bags and shoes, which are well received for their natural style and durability.

The classification of polyurethane (upper) is divided into three categories: mixing rubber (M-PUR), pouring glue (C-PUR) and thermoplastic molding (T-PUR).

The rubber compound is made from polyol and isocyanate to form solid gel polymer and then processed by traditional process.

Pouring glue -- using the polyol, isocyanate, chain extender and other coordination agents to synthesize linear liquid polymer by two steps or one-step process, pouring into the mold during processing, heating and curing, and converting it into a rubber like solid with a certain network structure.

This method has many advantages and develops faster.

Thermoforming - linear polymer formed by reaction of polyol and isocyanate and processed into granular solids with thermoplasticity.

The finished products are directly produced by processing equipment and working procedures of thermoplastics.

This method develops fastest in polyurethane rubber.

The disadvantage of this kind of rubber is its poor oil resistance and heat resistance, and its mechanical properties are not as good as C-PUR's.

The characteristics of polyurethane rubber are strong abrasion resistance, excellent mechanical and mechanical properties, large hardness range, wide modulus range, good oil resistance and low temperature resistance, excellent radiation resistance and ozone resistance.

Thermoplastic polyurethane rubber (TPU) is mainly composed of isocyanates, polyols and diols or two amine chain extender three basic raw materials for addition reaction products.

In the synthesis of T-PUR, the following points should be noted in the selection of isocyanates: 1. The use of symmetrical isocyanate 2 and the hydrolysis of chlorinated isocyanates should be controlled in the range of 0.0001%~0.02%.

The content is too high, the reaction is too slow, the molding time is long, the surface is not smooth, the content is too low, the reaction is too fast, and the product has cracks.

3, high degree, less harmful isomers.

(upper) in the production of T-PUR, in order to meet the processing requirements or improve some properties, the formula can be added suitable catalyst, lubricant, flame retardants and other auxiliaries.

Commonly used lubricants are stearic acid salts such as stearamide and the amount of 0.3%~0.5% is T-PUR.

In the synthesis of most T-PUR, the proportion of -NCO/-OH is mostly controlled in the range of 0.97~1.05.

POLIYOU - Baoli, a new material, improved by PU.

At present, NIKE, ECCO, REEBOK, CONVERSE, NEW-BALANCE, ARBESKO and other world famous brands and Anta, double star, Sanda and other famous domestic sports shoes and casual shoes all use this material as the inner pad of shoes.

POLIYOU insole has the following characteristics: 1. the material itself has good permeability and hygroscopicity.

POLIYOU insoles are first made of open PU material, with more than 90% circulation holes. Good ventilation is more than 5 times of that of ordinary sponge. It can effectively absorb and discharge sweat from feet.

Avoid moisture coming from the insole to the feet and keep the feet dry.

2.POLIYOU shoe materials contain new antibacterial, odorant and cooling properties.

The addition of activated carbon with strong deodorizing effect has a wide range of germicidal efficacy, which involves Gram-positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, fungi (mold, yeast) and algae, and so on, which can effectively deodorize the bacteria by killing them.

Because the added deodorizing capacity of the activated carbon is directly added in the manufacturing process, it can ensure that shoes are not smelly and effective for a long time.

3.POLIYOU durability of inoculants &nbs