How Should China'S Cotton Industry Get Out Of Difficulties?

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It's not worth it. This year I changed 10 mu of cotton to grain and Chinese herbal medicine, and next year we should reduce the area of cotton seed. "

In the early morning of September 12th, Li Maokun, a village in the village of Jin Zhuang Town, Linqing City, looked at his 16 acres of cotton fields and told reporters about this.

Li Maokun has been planting cotton for 30 years. Last year, he had 16 mu of high-yielding demonstration plots and 10 acres of ordinary cotton fields, which has decreased by 10 mu this year.

Li Maokun said that Dai Zhuang village was a famous cotton planting professional village far and near, but now the original cotton fields have been replaced by large corn.

Linqing is the national high quality cotton production base and the cotton export base of Shandong province.

As cotton purchasing prices continue to decline, cotton farmers' enthusiasm for cotton planting has also been decreasing year by year.

According to statistics of Linqing City's Cotton Variety Management Office, in 2012, Linqing cotton planting area was 180 thousand mu, 45 thousand mu less than last year.

Due to the current cotton market supply and demand situation is not smooth, cotton farmers can not accurately predict cotton prices and market prices, most of the wait-and-see attitude, can only sell cotton to sell, waiting for prices to rise.

"Now cotton planting is time-consuming and laborious, and it does not make money."

Li Maokun calculated a benefit account: seed cotton, per mu yield of seed cotton is about 500 Jin, according to the high price of 4 yuan per catty, the mu income is 2000 yuan, and the cost of farmland, sowing, agricultural materials, picking and so on is calculated, the cost of one mu land is invested 1355 yuan, and the net income of Mu is only 600 yuan.

And grain, wheat and corn are calculated at 900 pounds per mu, plus subsidies. The total annual income is about 2000 yuan, excluding the cost of 500 yuan, and the benefits are almost the same as that of seed cotton.

"But the problem is that grain can be mechanized without affecting migrant workers.

When cotton is planted, medicine, pruning, picking and so on, it takes a lot of time and effort, and cotton prices always fluctuate.

If there is no 16 mu of high yield to build a demonstration field, I will not benefit from planting cotton.

The high yield demonstration plot of his family produced 550 kg of seed cotton per mu last year, which is several dozen catties higher than that of the ordinary cotton field.

Li Maokun said last year because his son bought a house, he reluctantly gave up, sold 12 thousand kilograms of seed cotton at a low price of 3.6 yuan per catty, and still had more than 1000 Jin to stay at home.

Cotton is not sold, but the price is too low.

He said: "now that agricultural prices are rising vigorously, if cotton price is less than 4 yuan per catty, farmers will not make much profit.

Although last year the state carried out the purchase price of cotton pending market, cotton seeds were subsidized 15 yuan per mu, but it is still difficult to improve farmers' enthusiasm for cotton planting.

In the village of Dai Zhuang, the reporters saw many farmers stacked with different sizes of cotton pits.

Lee Maoshan's 5000 kilograms of seed cotton are still piled up at home.

According to the present market price, if we sell cotton, we will not earn any money but live for a year.

To this end, his wife complained: "the pfer fee per mu in the village is more than 600 yuan. If you pack out the land and go out to do odd jobs, it will not be a problem to earn more than 10 thousand yuan a year. What kind of cotton do you want?" {page_break}

Small and medium cotton textile enterprises encounter "cold winter"

"Last year, our factory has provided 5 cotton spinning enterprises with 300 tons per month.

And now an enterprise will lose 300 tons a year. "

Linqing Tiancheng cotton processing plant has provided lint to some small and medium-sized cotton textile enterprises for a long time. Yu Xuefeng, director of the factory, obviously felt that the demand for cotton used by small and medium cotton textile enterprises was greatly reduced this year.

Linqing textile Office union chairman Han Weidong said that from the impact of the most important raw material lint in the textile industry, the price dropped from last year's 24700 yuan / ton to the current 18500 yuan / ton, and the difference between domestic and overseas cotton spread from 1000 yuan / ton in September last year to nearly 5000 yuan / ton, and the domestic price is higher than that of foreign countries.

Cheap cotton in India, Pakistan and other countries has a great impact on the domestic market.

When cotton prices surged last year, many upstream processing enterprises were involved in hoarding cotton, which helped cotton prices rise.

Since late March, due to the comprehensive role of tight credit policy and the increase of cotton planting area, the market speculation has gradually declined, and cotton prices have continued to fall. In addition, the market has bought up and down. Downstream enterprises are afraid to buy cotton yarns and billets because they are afraid that cotton prices will continue to fall.

On the other hand, the disadvantaged downstream textile enterprises are more cautious.

The uncertainty of the cotton market is expected to make the whole textile chain enterprises on thin ice.

"One of the important reasons for the profits of some enterprises is that they have the quotas of the state and can import cheap cotton."

Linqing textile office Han Weidong said, but China's cotton textile industry has been "two at the outside", cotton 40% imports, products 30% exports.

If cotton is too dependent on imports, it will be controlled by people and easily choke by people.

However, farmers are not cost-effective to grow cotton, and their comparative benefits are low.

If the cotton price is raised, the textile industry will be hard to digest.

Experience and advice from the grassroots

Unlike many other companies, Linqing three and textile group have been ordered for 3 months.

One of the secrets of the company is to increase the intensity of technological innovation. Under the condition of ensuring the quality of grey cloth, the cost of cloth per meter is reduced by 0.1 yuan, and the investment is 450 million yuan. From Germany and Belgium, the world first-class equipment is purchased, and the technological pformation project of "airflow spinning and high-grade dyed fabric" is newly put into operation. The project will be put into operation at the end of July, and the annual sales revenue can be increased by 1 billion yuan.

Linqing City Cotton Office, textile office comrades think: on the one hand, we should increase the financial support for cotton farmers subsidies, and establish "cotton target price subsidy system".

"Grain, one mu of land can subsidize 125 yuan, plus 5 yuan of pesticide subsidies this year, a total of 130 yuan.

And cotton is only subsidized by 15 yuan.

If we increase the subsidy for cotton seed production, farmers will benefit from planting cotton, and the enthusiasm of planting cotton will naturally increase.

On the other hand, we should promote the experience of high yield building, reduce costs and improve efficiency.

Linqing Qing Jin Zhuang Town and Song Lin town has 20 thousand mu of cotton high yield test field, mu yield is about 90 Jin.

At the same time, we should strengthen technical services and plant new varieties of cotton. Through improving cotton yield and quality, we will organize experts to compile scientific manuals for cotton cultivation and guide the masses to organize production according to operation rules.

We should also improve the scale, specialization and mechanization level of seed cotton, and guide cotton farmers to set up cooperatives to prevent and control pests and diseases.

They suggested that when the country issued cotton quotas in the future, the industrial clusters would be tilted, because most of the textile enterprises in the industrial cluster were small and medium-sized enterprises, most of them did not have the qualification to win quotas.

However, the overall scale of the cluster is larger and the demand gap of cotton is bigger. It is suggested to change the way of issuing cotton quotas for enterprises only in the past, and appropriately increase the quota distribution of textile industrial clusters.

Furthermore, we should increase support for technological innovation and industrial upgrading of textile enterprises.

It is suggested that the state should give financial support to textile enterprises that eliminate backward production capacity and apply new technologies and new products, and focus on supporting small and medium enterprises projects with good market prospects and strong innovation capability, and urge enterprises to make efforts to pform the development mode.

In addition, we should liberalize the cotton market, reduce the circulation of cotton, and make direct subsidies to cotton growers as soon as possible.

Quality standards and marketing methods are in line with the international market.