The Application And Safety Of Nanotechnology In Textile And Garment Industry Are Analyzed.

Nanotechnology is a technology in the micro world. The research on it is called "science in the twenty-first Century" by some scientists. Its development has been predicted to bring the next round of industrial revolution with broad prospects.

Since the end of the last century, nanotechnology research and materials application have gradually entered the civilian field from the high-end research field, and are further expanding the scope of application.

Medical treatment and Cosmetology are the two most widely applied fields of nanotechnology.

Researchers have developed anti-aging skin cream, and made use of the optical properties of nanoparticles to create diagnostic tools and nanotechnology intelligent therapy. They can use nanoparticles to attack tumors and destroy malignant cells by absorbing light or releasing heat or radiation.

In addition, nanotechnology in automotive manufacturing, food, construction, environmental protection, military and other fields, especially

Industry is widely used.

In the textile and garment industry, the application of nanotechnology is mainly to make use of its minimal volume, posture and unique physical characteristics to adjust and change the quality and performance of the original fibers or fabrics by processing and processing, so that it can produce new functions and effects, including changing the appearance of products, such as shrinkage and wrinkle resistance, and increasing the body comfort, such as skin care, delicate feeling, smoothness and so on, and strengthening the product's own function of cleaning, cleaning and cleaning. It highlights the product's body protection or health care functions, such as blocking ultraviolet rays, water repellency, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and so on.

Many examples can be seen in real life: for example, the development of nanotechnology can make all sports athletes meet frequently.

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Socks sweat and stink problem can be solved easily.

NanoHorizons has developed nanoparticles that can be mixed with cotton, nylon and even plastic materials to avoid bad smell after wearing clothes.

The key technology lies in the use of nano silver particles that can be mixed with fibers. The particles are resistant to microorganisms and bacteria, without bacteria and fungi, and of course, the smell is gone.

In terms of daily clothing, the US Nano-Tex company has made progress in the application space of nanotechnology, designed and developed waterproof trousers that will not be stained. They will not be stained with coffee, fruit juice or wine stains, or even wrinkles.

The newest nanomaterial is called "the coolest and most comfortable" fabric. It can block moisture and dry quickly. At the same time, it makes synthetic fabrics look like cotton cloth and is very comfortable to wear.

The clothes made of such nanomaterials can quickly dry and resist 95% of the sun's exposure.

Canadian scientists have made use of nanotechnology to create the first organic light-emitting material (FOLED), which can be used to make thin screens that can be rolled up like leaves, which can be seen in films after making garments or used as decorating wallpaper, which can alternatively show the main works of Van Gogh or Monet.

The addition of nanomaterials to the surface coating of military uniform or combat clothing can also absorb electromagnetic waves and improve the stealth performance of soldiers on the battlefield.

2. Combination of nanotechnology and textile materials

At present, the main application of nanotechnology in textile and clothing materials is coating, mixing, coating and so on.

Coating method is about to form nano fabric with the adhesion of nano particles or the combination of thin film material and fiber or fabric surface.

Researchers at Clemson University, in the United States, have invented a new type of clean fabric which is coated with a polymer film mixed with silver nanoparticles.

When the nano film is combined with other fabrics, it produces a series of fine bumps. When water is present, these bumps will cause the dust and other substances to "skip" the surface of the coating so as to make it clean again.

The clothes made of this material do not need to be rubbed repeatedly, just spray water on them or wipe with a damp cloth, and the clothes will be restored clean.

Mixing method -- materials that contain nanoparticles or directly mix nanoparticles with other fibers, and then form nanofibers to form nanomaterials.

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For example, the Japanese teiyan company developed a fabric made of blended nanomaterials and aramid fibers, which is mainly used in fire-fighting clothing, so that it can achieve lightweight and inhibit the effects of fire and burns.

By means of "particle dispersion method" and mixing and spinning technology, nano sized carbon ultrafine particles are evenly dispersed in the fibers in order to enhance thermal diffusion function.

This kind of fiber has a greater thermal conductivity than the aramid fiber, so that the heat insulation and heat resistance of the fabric are improved. At the same time, the weight of the fabric is lightened, and the wearing comfort of the garment is more excellent.

The encapsulation method is to insert nanoparticles into the hollow part of the fiber or to coat the other fibers with nanoparticles containing material to form a special textile material containing some nanometer characteristics.

For example, a team of scientists from the left Georgia Institute of science and technology developed a nanofiber fabric that can generate energy from human activities. This will pave the way for the development of fabrics that can provide electrical energy for iPod or other portable electronic devices one day.

There are many kinds of energy sources that can drive the nanodynamo, including the blood flow from the heart, breathing and walking of the lungs. Even hitting computer keyboards is also a potential source of nanometer level energy. Using nanotechnology to gather these energies and pform them, electricity flow can be generated.

The research and development method is to wrap pairs of Zinc Oxide nanotubes outside the ordinary fibers, and the nanotubes will produce tiny current pulses after being rubbed.

The researchers said, "two fibers are rubbing against each other, just like the hair of the two brushes touching each other, which can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy."

Either way, it can change the characteristics of the original textile or wearing materials and add new functions.

It should be said that in the first ten years of this century, the textile industry has made substantial progress in the use of nanotechnology research and development. Some newly developed products have entered the field of daily consumption, such as water repellent cashmere windbreaker, antifouling ties and trousers, anti-bacterial and anti inflammatory underwear, and UV blocking coat.

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3. Reflection on the safety of nano textiles and garments

With the progress of science and technology, it has been found that the application of nanotechnology and materials has dual nature in people's daily life.

On the one hand, it can improve and improve people's quality of life, bring convenience and modern technology to daily life, but at the same time, it also produces some safety problems, which will cause adverse effects on human health, and even cause some harm.

At the recent stage, the voice of vigilance against the latter situation seems to be getting higher and higher. Nano technology is facing new social and moral challenges.

For example, some nanoparticles used in a large number of industrial and commercial processes are highly toxic. Some products produced by nanotechnology will cause harm to human health and the environment. Carbon nanotubes will cause lung cancer and gastric cancer, and silver nanoparticles will greatly increase the risk of human allergy.

Scientific experiments have proved that tiny nanoparticles can easily be inhaled by human skin and respiratory system. Nano sized dust can easily penetrate the skin defense line into the blood system, and then go directly to the internal organs and tissues.

Particles with diameters of 100 nm can penetrate lung defense lines in 60 seconds and appear in the liver and other internal organs within 1 hours.

Long term exposure leads to excessive accumulation of this substance, which may endanger human health and even life, such as lung inflammation and oxidative damage, DNA damage, premature cell apoptosis, cardiopulmonary system and other visceral tissue lesions, carcinogenesis, fetal growth retardation or abnormality.

Nanoparticles can interact with proteins, bacteria and viruses, and may lead to some peculiar new diseases.

Modern medical research has produced a new term: nano pathology (also known as nano Toxicology), that is, micron or nano size particles caused by human diseases in-depth study of disciplines.

The United States, the European Union and Japan have invested heavily in the research of nanotechnology security. China has also listed it in the national 973 key research project, and actively explores the safety and control issues related to nanotechnology.

Although the severity of nano safety has not yet been proved, it is necessary to use nano materials carefully in the field of cosmetics and textile and clothing products that are closely related to human body.

The author advocates that infants and young children under 7 years of age and all the adult used textiles and garments should be carefully used in the production of raw materials containing nanoparticles. In particular, it is important to avoid the use of nano fabrics produced by coating method. Because the nanoscale textile materials developed by this method, the probability of their nanoparticles breaking away from the carrier into the human body will be higher than that of the textile nanomaterials produced by mixing method and coating method.

The so-called "close fitting" textiles are those that are closely related to the human body in daily life and have a large area of contact with the skin.

Such as shirts, underwear, pajamas, home clothes, bathrobes, all kinds of uniforms and towels, bath towels, pillow covers, pillowcases, bedsheets, quilts and other items.

Close fitting use of textiles is also known as "direct contact with skin textiles".

The use of "direct contact with skin textiles" should pay special attention to the safety performance of its use, pay attention to circumvent the safety hazards similar to nanomaterials, and strive to achieve advantages and avoid disadvantages, so that the probability of unsafe factors due to the use of nano textile products can be reduced from the source.

Because nanotechnology is a newly developed and developing material technology, nanomaterials do have many new functions that meet the needs of the market and people's quality of life. Therefore, even if nanotechnology research and product application are found to be at risk, it does not necessarily mean that the technology will be immediately restricted to popularization and application.

However, the problem of safe use of nanoscale products should be taken seriously.

In the process of promoting the use of nano products, we should set up and implement the safety supervision and control measures as soon as possible.

From the point of view of textile and clothing specialty, the author believes that in line with its close relationship with human body, national product safety and quality standards for nano textile and clothing should be developed as soon as possible.

Starting from raw materials, starting from the adaptability of human body, set safety indicators, such as the adhesion of nanoparticles and the firmness of addition (which can be divided into washing, dry cleaning, friction, tear, etc.); the safety and reliability of the use of some metal elements; and the effectiveness of nanotechnology derived from specific functions, such as antifouling, antibacterial, water repellent, wrinkle proof, and so on.

At the same time, we must work out a feasible and effective inspection method standard so that we can apply new technology and new means to carry out inspection and appraisal, and reasonably determine the quality and safety of nano textiles and garments.

In short, the establishment of strict safety supervision and comprehensive quality audit system is the prerequisite for further expansion of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the field of textile and clothing.

For the market and consumers, nano textiles and nano garments are not only new, unique and special function pronoun, but also should be worthy of the name of "safety, health, environmental protection and reliable" new generation of daily necessities.