Clothing Version Of The Standard Obsolete Will Open The "Version" Database

How comfortable is the seat? How big is the font on the medicine box? Size type How to determine how to design a computer keyboard and touch fingers are more sensitive and comfortable? These designs closely related to daily life depend on the collection and analysis of basic data of ergonomics.

The "basic parameter survey of Chinese adult ergonomics", which was led by the Chinese Academy of standardization, was announced yesterday. This is the first adult body size survey carried out in 1986. Our country has launched a survey of human basic data again. It is expected that it will be completed in 5 years.

Why do we need to measure human body size again after 27 years? What impact will these data bring to our daily life?

　　 Present situation: Adult clothing The version of the GB is still 27 years ago.

Buying trousers is not a waist or a trouser leg. Sitting in a joint-venture car is not a feeling that the roof is short or the steering wheel is too low. These puzzles all come from the accurate measurement of human basic data.

"Only by considering the physiological characteristics of" people "can we truly meet the needs of" people ". Zhao Zhaoyi, a researcher at the China Standardization Research Institute, said that with the improvement of living standards, people's body shape has changed and their consumption concepts are changing. The use of products should not only be "used" but also "easy to use". It pays more attention to people's safety, health and comfort, and enterprises also pay more attention to the "agreeableness" of heavy products.

"Only by using Chinese data can we design and produce products suitable for Chinese people." Zhao Zhaoyi said, for example, the heads of Asians are round and European heads are flat. If you design products such as hats and glasses according to the European heads, the effect will be greatly reduced. For example, Chinese men's arms and Germans can differ by six or seven centimeters, and the length of the trunk can be eight or nine centimeters. Therefore, when our men are driving a European car, they will feel "inappropriate, not the steering wheel is far away, that is, they can't step on the clutch." Moreover, Westerners generally have long legs and seats are far away from the steering wheel, so some imported cars are not suitable for Chinese driving.

In the view of Zhao Zhaoyi and other researchers, "advanced technology can be introduced, and the basic data of ergonomics should not be directly quoted from foreign data". China's clothing size, cab layout, furniture design and so on should be based on Chinese body size data. The design of the manipulator should be based on the mechanical data of Chinese people, and the design of traffic signs and monitors should be adapted to the visual characteristics of Chinese people.

It is also understood that the basic basis of our product designers is mostly the data of the first adult ergonomics basic survey in 1986. Taking clothing as an example, the current domestic reference clothing standard is the national standard of GB1335-1991's "clothing size" promulgated in 1992. This standard is based on the human body basic data that was first measured in 1986. Because the measurement data is more than 20 years ago, the accuracy is greatly discounted.

"Over the past 20 years, the living standards of Chinese people have undergone tremendous changes. However, the basic data of Chinese people have not been updated in real time, and these 20 years have been the major changes in Chinese body size." Zhang Xin, an Associate Research Fellow of the Chinese Academy of standardization, told reporters that in 2009, 3000 Chinese adults were collected in three dimensions, and found that Chinese people, especially those over 35 years old, were significantly overweight. The height of adult men increased by 2 centimeters and the waist circumference increased by 5 centimeters. "That's why some men who are 175 centimeters tall buy 180 centimeters of clothing, which seems to fit better, because some clothing size standards refer to human body size data more than 20 years ago."

　　 Measurements: more than 200 items of visual, auditory and touch items were required for one participant.

It is understood that the data collection and survey, to 18 to 75 years old Chinese adults as the object, the national area is divided into 6 regions, each region 2 to 3 measurement points, measurement and investigation of more than 20 thousand samples (people).

Each participant will be collected and measured for more than 200 basic Ergonomics data, including human body shape, human mechanics, vision, hearing and finger tip touch. It is expected to be completed by the end of May 2018.

In addition to the increase in body size from 74 to more than 160, new items of human muscle strength, visual sensitivity, voice sensitivity, finger tip tactile sensation and so on will be measured. Even the measurement of abdominal thickness has been added, which will provide more detailed data for designers of chairs and sofas.

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"Over the past 20 years, the basic parameters of ergonomics have been much more advanced. The survey in 1986 will basically be completed by a ruler. This time, we will take the latest international technology, such as 3D body scanning, which is simpler and more accurate. Zhao Zhaoyi researcher said. According to him, the subjects put on tight fitting clothing, put markers on the bone points, and did several actions with the personnel's password. In less than 20 seconds, the human body's three-dimensional scanning image can be extracted and completed. "This optical scanning does not radiate and ensures privacy."

　　 Objective: products and public facilities are more suitable, and the location of belts will be adjusted.

The design of some products and public facilities will be more humane after the basic data of the new round of adult ergonomics. For example, height and leg length data will be applied to car seat design. Finger length and thickness data can be applied to refrigerator handles, elbow height and calf data are applied to subway handrails and seats. According to the characteristics of height and arm length, the subway brush machine should be in line with the height of the normal person. The handle on the subway should meet the adult's height. According to the visual characteristics of the Chinese people, the design of traffic signs and monitors will be more suitable for Chinese people's habits. For example, some emergency signs must be placed in a prominent position and so on.

"The feeling of the enterprise will be deeper." Zhao Zhaoyi told reporters that an eyeglasses enterprise is because the reference head data lag behind, the production of glasses is not suitable for the comfort of the head face, resulting in a serious backlog of goods. In addition, in the domestic purchase of trousers, although the same size, but different brands of western trousers may be very different in size, this is because there is no uniform size standard, each garment factory can only according to their own experience to modify the size of clothing.

According to Zhang Xin, an associate research fellow, some leading electrical appliance enterprises and automobile development institutions have taken the initiative to consult the relevant data of the China Standardization Research Institute, and adjust the design of the refrigerator handle, the height of the cylinder of the washing machine and the strength of the manipulator.

"Our survey data will tell the product designer Chinese distribution characteristics of a certain index and tell the designer what size is suitable for the most Chinese." Zhang Xin said, "for example, enterprises know that the waist circumference of adult men is increased, the location of belt holes will change, the proportion of the bra's chest circumference and waist circumference will also change. Similarly, the design of trousers will also be more reasonable in the design of waist circumference and hip circumference, and the probability of consumers getting the right products will increase."

　　 Planning: opening the database of "Chinese version" to "women's efforts to open fridge doors"

"Ergonomic computer chair" and "ergonomic keyboard rack"... Researchers found that "artificial learning" is becoming a new selling point for businesses. There are 49259 items that Taobao claims to conform to ergonomics or ergonomics, involving furniture, toys, bedding, digital products, automotive supplies, electrical appliances, etc. Clothing shoes and hats Fitness products, etc.

Based on the survey data, some ergonomics standards will be designed, hoping to play a normative role in the market that advertised "ergonomic standards". Zhao Zhaoyi said that there are many sofa, car seats, children's schoolbags, which are in line with human mechanics and ergonomics concept, but the quality and efficacy are uneven.

It is understood that foreign countries are revising a basic human ergonomics data in 5 to 10 years. Comparatively speaking, 20 years ago, second basic parameters of ergonomics were investigated, and the relevant mechanisms are not perfect enough.

According to Zhao Zhaoyi, after the completion of the database construction, the method of paid use will be open to businesses or individual users. At that time, as long as the basic characteristics of regions, age and gender are input, the database will provide basic data for Chinese people who cover these characteristics, and even meticulously "the force parameters that women need to use in opening the refrigerator door".

　 Interpretation of words: basic parameters of ergonomics

The basic parameters of ergonomics mainly include human body shape, mechanics and perception (sight, hearing, touch, etc.) and other kinds of human characteristics data related to product and environmental design.

These data include body shape parameters such as height, arm length, waist circumference, human activity parameters such as joint mobility, grip strength, pull force, visual power parameters such as sight distance, visual acuity, visual field, etc.

The ergonomics basic parameter project will provide scientific data support for product and environment's humanized design.