China'S Textile And Garment Industry Relies Heavily On Exports.

Through the international pfer of industry, P not only helps to solve the pressure of overcapacity in China, but also promotes the pformation and upgrading of the industrial structure. At the same time, it can improve China's right to speak in the international economic field.

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< p > international pfer of industry is an important part of the process of economic globalization. Its essence is the re combination of production factors in the whole world.

To digest excess capacity through international pfer of industry is a common rule of developed countries to digest excess capacity.

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For China, to digest excess capacity, the most critical problem is to find the corresponding demand for the existing huge production capacity, and guide the relative excess capacity to orderly upgrade and meet the new demand. P

At present, China is vigorously promoting consumer demand, but it does not mean abandoning the growth of new external demand.

In the context of globalization, the international pfer of industry is an effective macro governance path to absorb excess capacity.

There is a positive interaction between the expansion of external demand and the adjustment of domestic industrial structure.

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< p > < strong > vigorously expand the market of developing countries < /strong > /p >

< p > the main comparative advantages of Chinese enterprises are applicable technology, medium technology and some products that enter the mature stage.

These technologies and products have relative advantages in developing countries, but they do not generally have advantages in developed countries.

Therefore, in the choice of industrial pfer area, developing countries should be the focus of industrial pfer, and can be realized in the following ways: < /p >

< p > location choice of "marginal industry pfer".

At this stage, we should take the "marginal cost of production" as the guiding ideology to shift the processing trade and labor intensive industries which are deteriorating at the marginal cost of production.

Mainly related to the mechanical and electrical industry and < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_cj.asp" > light industry clothing industry < /a >.

In order to give full play to the comparative advantages of these industries, the best location choice of foreign direct investment should be in developing countries such as Southeast Asia, Africa and South America, as well as Eastern Europe, Central Asia and some other countries and regions.

From a distance perspective, Southeast Asian countries are close to China and pport costs are relatively low.

Southeast Asia has formed an ASEAN Free Trade Area. In the future, it will form 10+3 free trade zone with China, Japan and South Korea. The impediment to the flow of goods, manpower and technology will be smaller and smaller. This will be very beneficial to the pfer of manufacturing industry.

Some countries and regions such as Africa, South America, Eastern Europe and Central Asia are also facing difficulties in developing economy, capital shortage and solving domestic employment. China's "marginal industry" is relatively early, large scale, better technology and low cost. Choosing the above investment location is beneficial to the host country to solve the domestic demand and employment problems, accelerate the upgrading of the host country's industrial structure and technology structure, and also realize the external extension of our industry, enhance the competitive advantage of the industry, and promote the adjustment and upgrading of China's industrial structure, so as to achieve a win-win situation.

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< p > location choice of market seeking type.

Transfer surplus capacity through cooperation with countries with international market demand.

Some industries such as iron and steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, shipbuilding and so on, although the production capacity is a burden in China, ASEAN countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Vietnam are in the period of economic development. There are great demand for urban and pport infrastructure construction.

For example, Australia does not have photovoltaic production enterprises, so it will not produce similar trade frictions between Europe and the United States, so it is the source of photovoltaic overcapacity pfer in China.

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< p > location choice to avoid trade barriers.

Industries with higher export dependence will be pferred to countries with export tax exempt zones.

China's < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp > textile > /a > clothing, shoes and hats, communications equipment, computers, chemical industry and other industries have a high degree of dependence on export demand.

These products are produced domestically and exported to foreign countries. They consume domestic resources and pollute the domestic environment. Considering the pressure of resources and environment, they should be pferred.

At present, Honduras, Morocco, Togo, Madagascar and other countries have export tax exempt zones.

Therefore, China can consider pferring the foreign trade processing industry to these countries.

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< p > resource seeking location selection.

Through joint venture and cooperation with resource-based countries, we will build a stable supply system of external strategic resources and energy.

In terms of energy, Central Asia should focus on Russia and Kazakhstan, with Iran as the main Middle East and Venezuela as Latin America.

Mineral resources should be selected from Indonesia, Vietnam tin ore, South Africa's gold, platinum, vanadium, Australia's iron, aluminum, nickel, Latin American countries such as Brazil's iron ore, Peru and Chile's copper mine.

In terms of forestry resources, Southeast Asian countries such as Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and Oceania, New Zealand, Equatorial Guinea, Congo and Liberia should be chosen.

The shortage of fishery resources should focus on some coastal countries with abundant fishery resources, such as Southeast Asia, the South Pacific and West African countries.

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"P > < strong > to realize industrial international pfer < /strong > < /p >

< p > through overseas investment, we should establish vertical industrial division system with Africa and Latin America to promote the export of technology and equipment in China.

Compared with multinational companies in developed countries, Africa, Latin America and other places have considerable demand for high-end durable consumer goods, machinery and equipment, high-end machine tools, and digital communication products in China's manufacturing industry.

China's equipment and technology are also generally adapted to the local economic structure and technological level, and have more comparative advantages.

Increasing investment in emerging markets is not only an effective way to pfer domestic excess capacity and avoid trade barriers, but also conforms to the strategic layout of national development.

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< p > carry out the "Chinese Marshall plan" and export foreign aid by means of commodity export to digest excess capacity.

Through the Marshall plan, Europe imported large quantities of industrial products and raw materials from the United States. It not only promptly digested the surplus capacity of the United States, but also stimulated the industrial production and foreign trade of the United States, and played a positive role in maintaining the economic prosperity of the post-war United States.

It is suggested that the state use a certain amount of foreign exchange reserves to assist the infrastructure construction of developing countries, thus promoting the export of domestic labor force and a variety of means of living and means of production.

This kind of aid plan is the behavior that the national credit is mainly coordinated with the market mechanism. It needs to use the resources of the country's political, diplomatic, military and cultural resources to reduce the risk that the recipient country can not repay the debt or unable to repay the debt.

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< p > if it is credit assistance, a "targeted procurement" binding scheme should be established.

Since the crisis, according to statistics from the United Nations Development Organization and the International Monetary Fund, the investment of developed countries to developing countries has dropped by 25%.

These developing countries can not get the traditional financial aid, and they have great expectations for China.

If these assistance is designed, a "targeted procurement" binding scheme is designed, which stipulates that 60% of credit assistance will be used for investment in the manufacturing industry, which must be purchased from China.

In this way, the capacity of Chinese enterprises can be pported to the outside world, to a certain extent, to solve the problem of overcapacity in China.

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< p > digest excess capacity through contracted projects abroad.

At present, developing countries generally want to develop infrastructures, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_s.asp" > textile industry < /a > and basic manufacturing industries, which have the function of "hematopoiesis" for their economic development.

The overseas contracting project can not only promote the pfer of domestic surplus capacity, but also provide a foundation for the industrialization and industrial upgrading of developing countries.

At the same time, by investing in specific infrastructure projects such as pportation and electricity, and strengthening its influence in host countries, we can form a "package" cooperation with developing countries in the development of scarce materials and strategic resources.

According to statistics, the turnover of foreign contracted projects will increase by US $1, which will increase our GDP by US $4.92.

In fact, in this respect, Chinese enterprises have already had many successful experiences.

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