Survey Of Cotton Planting Income In Sheyang County In 2013

< p > strong > 1, cotton harvest, yield increase is greater than /strong > /p >

< p > through the follow up survey of related information of 16 cotton planting households in the county, 3 towns, 16 cotton planting households, < < a href= > http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp > > cotton > /a > production, picking and selling, and the progress of acquisition of cotton enterprises, the average yield of seed cotton was 280 kg in 2013, an increase of 44 kg, an increase of 18.6% over the previous year.

However, the average rate of clothing percentage is only 36.4%, which is 1.5 percentage points lower than in previous years, and only 102 kg of cotton lint. The increase is 12 kg, an increase of 13.3%, which is 5.3 percentage points lower than that of seed cotton.

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< p > according to the cotton growers' reflection and County Cotton Association's analysis, the reason for the cotton harvest is mainly due to the implementation of science and technology and cultivation and management measures.

The emphases are embodied in three aspects: first, the extensive application of scientific and technological achievements.

In addition to conventional techniques, the application scope of formula fertilization and light weight cultivation technology has been increased and expanded, and potential of cotton yield increase has been effectively excavated.

The two is the expansion of applicable technology coverage.

By summing up the reasons for the low yield of cotton in recent years, the cotton farmers' cognition degree of technology cotton planting and the acceptance and application ability of applied technology were better enhanced, and the yield gap between cotton growers was obviously reduced, and the advantages of balanced production increase were more obvious.

According to the survey, the output of the households surveyed showed that there were 3 households with a yield of 250-275 kg, accounting for 18.75% of the total number of households surveyed, and the output of 9 households within the range of 275 kg to 300 kg, accounting for 56.25% of 4 households with 300 kg or more.

The three is the comprehensive utilization of supporting technology.

County functions such as planting, plant protection and soil fertility stood at various stages of cotton growth and affected by major natural disasters, and timely issued technical guidance such as field management, pest control, fertilizer application and disaster recovery.

And organized many times to organize and carry out on-site consultation activities, to guide cotton farmers face to face, and ensure that the key technical measures can be put in place in time.

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< p > of course, weather condition is also an important factor contributing to cotton yield increase.

From the end of July to the middle of August, after the continuous high temperature and no rain process, the precipitation increased, the drought eased, the cotton growth momentum gradually improved, and the boll setting rate increased significantly.

In late September, field surveys showed that 35 peaches per plant, and 60 thousand more than the total yield of mu, increased by more than 10% compared with the survey in early September.

After entering the picking period, the weather condition is more conducive to cracking cotton bolls and bolls.

In October and November, the daily average temperature was 14.2 degrees, the cumulative precipitation was 45.1 millimeters, and the sunshine was 432 hours. It was 1.4 and 35.5 millimeters higher than the same period in 2012, and increased by 105 hours.

With the late arrival of the late Ming frost, the low frequency of the cold cold weather has contributed to the normal blooming of the late autumn peach blooming within a week after "Bailu", and the cotton yield has been increased.

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< p > strong > two, price stability, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > cotton growers < /a > income increase < /strong > /p >

< p > 2013, although the purchase price of cotton in Sheyang county also showed a high opening and low going, the support of the national cotton temporary purchasing and storage policy and the substantial increase in the sales price of cottonseed were basically stable.

In the middle of September, the purchase of new cotton in the county began. Cotton seeds sold by cotton farmers were mainly one or two grades of cotton, but cotton merchants bought only 8 yuan per kilogram (the same below), but there were few pactions.

October is the peak period for cotton centralized listing in the county, and the quality of grade is relatively good.

The average selling price of cotton farmers was 8.2 yuan, an increase of 0.02 yuan compared with the same period, an increase of 0.24%.

In November, with the emergence of a large number of cotton ripening plants, the quality of cotton decreased and the price was reduced. The average monthly price of cotton farmers was 8.04 yuan, although it was 0.16 yuan lower than the cumulative average price before October, but it was still unchanged from the same period last year.

After entering the December, the cotton picking sale in the county has entered the finishing stage, and the clothing percentage and color grade quality have been reduced to the lowest in the year. However, due to the good weather, there is no obvious frost yellow cotton, and no rain cotton and grey stiff cotton. The overall quality is higher than that of the same period last year.

Even if the worst quality ending cotton is sold, cotton growers can sell 5.2-5.3 yuan at their doorstep, and the lowest price of last year's finishing stage is only about 4 yuan.

By the end of December 20th, the average sale price was 6.04 yuan, an increase of 0.18 yuan compared with the same period last year, an increase of 3.1%.

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< p > the county cotton association calculated the average price of cotton seeds sold by cotton farmers in the county during the year according to the number and price of each household. The average price of cotton seed sold in the county was 8.04 yuan, an increase of 0.08 yuan compared with the same period last year, an increase of 1%.

The direct income of cotton growers planting cotton reached 2251.2 yuan, an increase of 372.64 yuan over the previous year of 1878.56 yuan, an increase of 19.8%.

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< p > strong > three, the cost of cotton planting is high, and the income of cotton farmers is still lower than that of grain < /strong > /p >

< p > survey shows that the total cost of cotton production in 2013 < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > Sheyang County < /a > reached 1623.84 yuan, an increase of 92.03 yuan compared with 1531.81 yuan in the previous year, an increase of 6%.

Compared with the total cost of rice 772.81 yuan and corn 523.15 yuan, the total cost is 851.03 yuan and 1100.69 yuan respectively.

Among them, the fixed cost and materialized investment totaled only 476.74 yuan, an increase of only 10.46 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 2.24%.

Labor costs, including a small number of farm workers and employees, totaled 1147.1 yuan, accounting for 70.64% of the total cost, representing an increase of 86.57 yuan and an increase of 7.66% over the same period.

Because of the high degree of mechanized operation, the labor cost of rice and corn, including labor cost, is only 417.55 yuan and 291.74 yuan, accounting for only 54% and 55.8% of its total cost.

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< p > after calculation, after deducting the fixed cost and materialized input, the farmers' income of 1 mu of land in the county has reached 1714.26 yuan, including 351.45 yuan from the rice and 673.97 yuan of corn, but the net income after the total cost is only 642.36 yuan, which is obviously lower than that of the corn 803.55 yuan and the rice 1148.43 yuan.

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< p > from the cost structure, cotton production cycle is long, management links are many, and many processes can not be completed by mechanical operation for the time being.

Therefore, the high cost of labor and the high cost of production are the main reasons for the high cost of cotton production and the low yield of cotton growers.

According to the County Cotton Association survey, in 2013 cotton growers had reduced their cotton production from 1 to 22.5 over the previous year, but only 4.5 and 3.5 were planted on rice and maize.

According to the statistical method of County Cotton Association, the price of farmers' self employment has reached 47.64 yuan this year, an increase of 5.49 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 13.02%.

The increase in the cost of hiring helpers has increased from 60-80 yuan a year to 80-100 yuan, an average increase of 28.6%.

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< p > cotton growers reflect that cotton production such as this year's output, price and income is rare in 10 years, even without considering labor costs.

Unlike grain, the output is stable and the government subsidized more (cotton has only one fine seed subsidy, 15 yuan per mu, 10 yuan of good seed subsidies, 51.7 yuan of comprehensive subsidies for production materials, etc. two items are 61.7 yuan. Rice has both 15 yuan subsidy for fine varieties, 62.04 yuan for comprehensive subsidies, and 20 yuan for direct subsidy, three yuan for 97.04 yuan).

Having heard that the cotton subsidy policy will be implemented in the country, it is also concerned that the government's preferential policies for cotton growers can not fall entirely on their heads, so that the income of cotton planting has been reduced or increased.

Therefore, after the annual cotton production and income increase, farmers' willingness to cotton planting has not been enhanced.

From the analysis of the current survey, the cotton planting area of the whole county will decrease in a certain extent in 2014.

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