The Great Evolution Of Textile Fabrics

　 Color is increasingly colorful due to dyeing and dyeing processes.

　　 Spin Originally intended to be the general term for spinning and weaving, but with the continuous development of the textile industry, textile also includes non-woven technology, three-dimensional braiding technology, static nano grid technology.

China's textile and dyeing technology has a very long history. The ancient materials used for coloring can be divided into mineral pigments and plant dyes, the latter used as the main dyes. The coloring of mineral pigments is adhered to the surface of the fabric by bonding agents, but the color is easy to fall off when it meets water. Plant dyes are not the same. When dyeing, the pigment molecules change the color of the fibers through affinity with the fabric fibers. The color of the pigment is not easy to fall off although it is washed by sunlight.

China is the home of silk, and it had long ago mastered the dyeing technology of silk. In the Ming Dynasty, Song Yingxing's "Tiangong Kai Ye" recorded in detail the extraction and dyeing technology of plant dyes. The dyeing process that the ancients created according to the characteristics of different dyes includes direct dyeing, mordant dyeing, reducing dyeing, anti dyeing and coloring dyeing. The diversity of dyes and methods makes the chromatogram of ancient printing and dyeing industry very rich. There are hundreds of records in ancient books, especially in a tone, which can distinguish dozens of approximate colors.

With the continuous development of modern dyeing and finishing methods, the application of dyestuffs is endless. clothing Products are constantly upgrading. In twentieth Century, new chemical fibers came out one after another. With the rapid development of matching dyes and chemicals, dyeing machinery and dyeing technology, after the advent of two acetate fibers, acetate dyes (early disperse dyes) and new dyeing processes, carrier dyeing and high temperature and high pressure dyeing were developed. In 1956, ICI applied reactive dyes to cotton fiber dyeing, and reactive dyes became the most important dyestuffs for cellulose fiber dyeing.

With the development of dyeing technology, dyeing theory is becoming more and more mature. The application of color matching technology in dyeing control is more and more extensive. Nowadays, the development of new fiber materials, including soybean protein, silkworm chrysalis protein and milk protein fiber, is developing faster and faster. The requirements of environmental protection, energy saving and water saving are constantly improving. This also promotes the development of modern dyeing technology and makes the textile color more colorful.

　 The function is enriched by textile and dyeing and finishing technology.

From the beginning of the birth, clothing has the functions of covering up the wind and rain, keeping warm and avoiding cold, covering up the ugly, decorating the beauty and preventing insects and protecting the body, and has also opened the prelude to the functional development of human clothing.

The development of functional fabrics is even ahead of the overall development of fabrics. The development of various finishing technologies has endowed textiles with moth proofing, shrinkproof, antifouling and flame retardancy, thus adding a lot of new functions to clothing. The emergence of a series of new fabrics such as thermal clothing fabrics, antibacterial and anti fouling clothing fabrics, anti-static and radiation resistant clothing fabrics has also made the function of clothing more and more rich.

The function of textile fabrics is continuously developing and upgrading along with the textile and dyeing and finishing technologies. For example, the research on the warmth retention of high-tech fabrics is to satisfy people's desire to have good shape and warmth at the same time. The initial stage is to increase the thickness of the fabric, and to achieve the effect of thermal insulation by improving the textile technology. At the same time, it is found that the increase of the thickness of the fabric will cause the air permeability of the fabric to become worse and the shape will become ugly. So a special film will be added to the fabric. There are about 9 billion irregular holes arranged in the fabric. The water molecules in the air are bigger than these small holes, so that the outside water molecules can not enter, and the sweat molecules of the human body are much smaller than the thin film holes, and the sweat gas can be discharged, thus achieving the fabric's warmth retention function and making people wear more easily.

The development of functional fibers has also constantly increased new choices for people to make and consume comfortable clothing.

The negative ions in the air are called "air vitamins" and are of great importance to human health. The negative ion far-infrared fiber is a new kind of metal oxide powder material with special molecular structure synthesized by high and new technology in the melt spinning process. It has permanent spontaneous electrodes and can make water molecules electrolysis and generate negative ions. Negative ion far-infrared products, in the process of wearing, exert weak electrolysis with the water molecules in the body and water molecules in the surrounding air, resulting in negative ions, regulating the air quality of the surrounding environment, and neutralizing harmful mixtures with positive electricity in the air, forming a clean market, spotless, and enjoying the forest. The negative ion far-infrared fabric has the function of relaxing tendons, promoting blood circulation, bacteriostasis, bacteriostasis, disease prevention and treatment. It is a new functional fiber which integrates health care, function, decoration and usability.

The temperature regulating fiber is mixed with zirconium carbide ceramic material in the fiber, and the solar energy is rapidly transformed into heat energy, so that the fabric temperature rises 3 to 5 degrees, and the clothing temperature rises 2 to 8 degrees Celsius. Microencapsulated phase change materials mixed with wax in fiber are formed by heat and heat release of crystalline phase and crystallization of phase change materials. clothes The temperature is reduced, the heat is generated in the cold circulation, so that the temperature of the clothes rises, so that the body feels warm. This not only makes the human body feel comfortable, but also saves energy.

　 Development and application of raw materials for new fibers

Animal fur and leaves are the earliest clothing materials used by human beings. In about 5000 BC, Egypt began to use linen cloth; in 3000 BC, India began to use cotton and entered an important stage in the development of textile and garment materials.

From the manual production to the mechanical production, the fabric has entered a period of rapid development. In the 40s of last century, the clothing accessories began to use Celluloid solvent to scrape the fabric surface to make hard liners. In the 60s of last century, pure cotton and polyester cotton resin interlining were developed, so that the collar had better air permeability, elasticity and washing resistance. In the 70s of the last century, the development of the adhesive interlining has replaced the wool linen lining and the resin lining to make further progress.

Modern textile fabrics give the product more functional and natural and environmentally friendly properties: corn fiber has the characteristics of environmental friendliness and degradability; soybean fiber has health-care and higher comfort; bamboo charcoal fiber has excellent antibacterial properties; DuPont's Coolmax fiber has the characteristics of moisture absorption and perspiration; moreover, the fabrics processed by nano technology are waterproof, oil resistant, antifouling, breathable, non discolourable, non-toxic, environmental friendly and durable.

The application of new textile materials represented by melamine fiber, chitin fiber and silkworm chrysalis fiber has further widened the application of textile materials.

Melamine fiber, also known as melamine fiber, is a fiber made from melamine formaldehyde resin. It has outstanding characteristics such as high temperature resistance, flame retardancy, high heat and no melting. It is the best choice for labor insurance clothing, home textiles, etc. working in high temperature environment. Melamine fibers are usually used as oil rig operation clothing, high temperature pre furnace work clothes, welder apron and gloves, fire-fighting clothing and other high temperature protective clothing and aircraft seat covers, hot air filter materials, clutch lining and other fire-resistant and anti burning products. Its excellent performance has also made it enter the traditional material industry field, and applied to aerospace, national defense, military and other high-tech fields.

Silkworm chrysalis protein fiber is a newly developed artificial protein fiber for textile and clothing in recent years. Silkworm chrysalis protein fiber is a new type of biomass fiber made from the silkworm chrysalis protein blended with natural cellulose and the protein is enriched on the surface of fiber. At present, silkworm pupa protein made in China is usually made of silkworm pupa. The silkworm chrysalis protein fiber has the advantages of good air permeability, good hygroscopicity, good drapability and comfortable handle. It also avoids the disadvantages of silk fabrics such as poor color fastness, shrinkage, wrinkle, yellowing, strong alkali and fragile. Therefore, it has good market prospects.

Chitin is widely found in crustaceans and crustaceans of crustaceans, shrimp and crabs. After removing protein and minerals, chitin can be made into chitin. fibre 。 Chitin fiber has the functions of soft touch, no irritation to skin, Gao Baowen and moisturizing function. It has excellent biomedical functions. It is nontoxic and non irritating to human body, absorbed by lysozyme in human body, and has good biocompatibility with human tissues. It has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hemostasis, analgesia and promotion of wound healing. Based on its unique properties, chitin fiber is mainly used in various infant clothing, medical textiles and other fields.