Theoretical Analysis Of Ecological Factor Scheduling -- Leather Sludge

< p > ecological factor scheduling theory applies not only to ecology, but also to some industries. Here is an analysis to show you.

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< p > > a href= "http://sjfzxm.com/news/index_x.asp" > leather industry < /a > is the pillar industry of China's light industry and an important export earning industry.

From the perspective of the global leather industry, the total annual demand for leather is about more than 200 million m2, equivalent to about 300 million cowhide (standard leather) output, and China's leather output is equivalent to nearly 70 million sheets of standard leather, accounting for 23.33% of the world's leather output.

Quanzhou is one of the main places of leather industry in Fujian province. Its annual output value is over ten billion yuan, and the environmental pollution problem is more serious in history.

經各年整改搬遷，目前尚留在當地的大型企業鉻液回收、灰皮水回收和減量、綜合廢水處置、含鉻危廢處置等多已達標，但綜合皮革污泥處置是一項國內外公認難題，由于皮革工藝特點，在尚無法廢除鉻鞣的情況下，污泥中不可避免含有大量鉻、鐵、硫酸鈣、鉛、銅、硫、鹽度及其他有機污染物等，由于環保壓力傳統回收作為工業明膠的途徑進一步萎縮，如用于填埋和堆肥則導致大量污染物釋放及土地鹽堿化，如用于焚燒則大量極其惡臭的氣體和二惡英等生成，均遭到居民與焚燒/填埋場的大力抵制，隨著環保意識的提高，皮革污泥處置壓力迅速增大，如未能迅速解決，則以往200-300元/噸的污泥處理費將為2000-3000元/噸的危險廢物處理費所替代，嚴重危及該行業生存。

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< p > the existing theory of domestic and foreign leather sludge disposal technology, using Chen Kai Han - Li Xiaowen's theory of ecological factor scheduling theory is analyzed from the perspective of leather contaminant migration: < /p >

< p > < strong > 1. When landfill and composting were used, the main pathway of pollutants migration was: 1. soluble organic matter and heavy metals through long term migration of runoff and groundwater infiltration; /strong

2. land is fixed.

3. migration to plants and microorganisms.

4. migrate to the atmosphere in the form of gaseous pollutants and dust.

The degradation process of leather sludge is a process of natural degradation and mineralization of high polymer natural organic matter and leather additives, and the total amount of oxygen supply is very high.

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The process of compaction is a serious phenomenon, which obstruct air oxygen from entering the soil and material piles. Therefore, the existing composting and landfill processes are mainly anaerobic fermentation, and the methane and odor gases generated by anaerobic processes will lead to serious environmental pollution. The scheduling technologies that need to be solved include the low temperature drying / tail gas treatment and the sludge porous technology research and development. The equipment is expected to be invested more and the cost effective ratio is not good. 2., the leather sludge is highly saltwater sludge and is not easy to eluate, which is unfavorable for the survival and absorption of the fermented strains such as common rods, actinomycetes, and other plants after composting. 3., the pollutants in the sludge are not easy to be immobilized by soil minerals and ions, and the leaching and removal are difficult to industrialize due to the high water holding capacity of compost. < p > the problem is: 1., the sludge itself is sticky and dry.

If the technology of anaerobic fermented liquid fertilizer is used, because of the high mineral content in the leather sludge, it is impossible to avoid the disposal of a large number of biogas residues. Therefore, further development of this technology requires substantial technological breakthroughs, and the risk of industrialization is large, and the development prospect is not good enough.

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< p > < strong > two. When the incineration method was used to treat < /strong >, the main ways of pollutants migration were as follows: 1.. After high temperature degradation, it was discharged into the air.

2. pollutants are fixed and discharged into the ground.

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＜p＞　　存在問題是：1.在800攝氏度以下焚燒時，因O,Cl等元素同時大量存在二惡英大量生成的問題難以解決，且焚燒灰不易形成高穩定性的玻璃相封閉燒渣(昂貴的硼酸鹽玻璃相除外，且硼酸鹽玻璃相的分相溶出問題依然難以解決)，高于800攝氏度時重金屬氯化物的揮發嚴重但容易形成有效的玻璃相封閉;焚燒過程皮革裂解氣惡臭高硫，如采用傳統焚燒去除裂解氣思路需要大量空氣補充，相應加大了能耗和尾氣處理難度，催化補燃則因大量焚燒飛灰存在需要復雜的前處理設備，為目前焚燒廠無法接受;2.污染物的固定可靠性問題，主要包括固定相耐候性，溶出量，機械強度等，由于皮革污泥中含有大量的可溶性鹽類，需要外加大量的玻璃相生成物方可有效包裹之，這意味著制建筑磚(粗陶質)、傳統陶粒等傳統途徑同樣存在很大的危險性，且預計成本會＜a href="http://sjfzxm.co

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Therefore, there is still a big technical threshold for the development of this kind of technology.

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< p > < strong > three. Adopting the latest thermal cracking treatment technology < /strong >, the main migration pathways of pollutants are: pyrolysis cracking, cracking oil and cracking gas collection, combustion treatment, combustion gas purification, and 2. cracking materials are carbonaceous porous materials, which contain heavy metals and salt residues in leather sludge.

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