Cotton Planting Progress And Cotton Growth In China'S Cotton Growers In 2014

　 Monitoring objects: 13 cotton producing provinces, cities and districts, 2736 cotton farmers.

By the end of May, the whole country cotton The spring sowing is almost over, and the area of cotton has been decided. Due to the fact that the target price has not yet been specified, cotton farmers have not changed their planting plans. By the end of May, most of the cotton was in the third to fifth true leaf period, and the overall growth rate was slightly worse than the same period last year.

According to the weighted average of cotton planting area of cotton farmers surveyed, the cotton planting area in the whole country decreased by 12.6% over the same period last year. As of May 31st, the total area of cotton sown in the whole country accounted for 98.8% of the estimated sown area, which was 2 percentage points faster than that of the same period last year.

From the end of 5 to the end of the cotton planting, the comprehensive climate suitability index of the whole cotton area is "more suitable", which is worse than the "suitable" grade of the same period last year. The direct seeding and transplanting of cotton in the Yellow River River Basin are all over. There were two more obvious precipitation processes in early and late May, which effectively improved the soil moisture content, which was beneficial to the growth of cotton seedlings. However, the temperature fluctuated gradually, the temperature in the first half of the month was low, and the hot weather continued at the end of the month, which accelerated the evapotranspiration of cotton fields and had a certain effect on cotton growth. Shandong There were varying degrees of high temperature days in some cotton regions of Henan and Hebei. By the end of May, the average number of cotton seedlings per plant was less than one to two leaves per plant compared with the same period last year. At the same time, there was a big difference between the early and late seedlings: the early sowing cotton caught up with the weather better, grew faster and grew better; however, the cotton sowed later was low temperature and rainy, and then exposed to high temperature. The number of households surveyed with 6-8 leaves and one heart accounted for 11% of the total number of households, representing a decrease of 13 percentage points compared with the same period last year. The seedling age accounted for 60% of the total number of 4-5 leaf and one heart, an increase of 10 percentage points compared with the same period last year. The authors believe that 49% of the total survey households accounted for 15.8 of the total number of households surveyed, while 17% of the survey households thought they were relatively poor, which was basically the same as the same period last year. The occurrence of cotton seedling diseases and insect pests is generally light. The surveyed households accounted for 83.1% of the disease, which was basically the same as that of the previous year. The proportion of pests was 77.7%, which increased by 7.6 percentage points over the same period.

The temperature of the cotton growing area in the northern part of the Yangtze River is relatively normal, which is favorable for cotton growth. However, many heavy rainfall processes occurred in the Southern cotton region, causing some waterlogging disasters in the cotton fields. During the early spring sowing, the temperature was higher, the sowing time was earlier, and the progress was faster than last year. By the end of May, the progress of direct seeding and transplanting to Datian was 95.1%, an increase of 7.8 percentage points compared with the same period of the same period. However, affected by some factors such as temperature drop and precipitation in the cotton growing areas, the seedlings of late seeding cotton were relatively poor, and the seedling age was generally small. As of the end of May, the survey households with 6-8 leaves and one heart accounted for 11.5% of the total survey households, which slowed down 7 percentage points compared to the same period last year. The proportion of 2-3 Ye Yixin and 4-5 leaf one heart was basically the same as that of last year. The overall growth of cotton seedlings was worse than that of the same period last year, which accounted for 26.2% of the total household survey, which was 18.2 percentage points lower than the same period last year. The occurrence of cotton seedling diseases and insect pests was slightly heavier than that of the same period last year. The surveyed households accounted for 58% of the disease, which was 8.6 percentage points lower than that of the same period last year. The main reason is the damping off caused by rain and a small amount of Verticillium wilt. 54.1% of the pests were considered less than that of the previous year, which was 8.3 percentage points lower than that of the previous year.

Xinjiang Cotton region Since cotton sowing, the weather is more unusual. In April, part of the cotton area was exposed to wind and dust. In May, some cotton areas encountered strong wind and dust. It was unfavorable for cotton growth. On the one hand, the continuous rain in some parts of North Xinjiang resulted in low temperature. Some cotton fields with good moisture conservation had repeatedly replanted because of the rotten cotton seedling roots, resulting in slow growth of cotton seedlings. In the normal year of May, 6 leaves and one heart and buds should appear at the end of May. At the end of May, 4 leaves and one heart were developed. The growth period was 10 days above last year. Under the influence of weather conditions, the overall growth of cotton in Xinjiang is worse than in previous years. By the end of May, 27.9% of the total surveyed households were considered to have better seedling status, which was significantly lower than the 46.6 percentage points of the same period last year. Cotton seedling diseases and insect pests are generally lighter, but the disease is slightly heavier than the same period last year, and insect pests are lighter than the same period last year. The surveyed households accounted for 61.3% of the disease, which was 7.3 percentage points lower than the previous year. 57.4% of them considered that the pest was lighter, an increase of 20.9 percentage points over the same period last year.