Apparel Industry Needs To Grasp The Best Opportunities Under Industrial Upgrading

< p > twentieth Century in the late 80~90, China's a href= "http://sjfzxm.com/news/index_z.asp" > textile > /a > industry entered a stage of rapid growth, characterized by the pition from planned economy to market economy, a large number of private and foreign-funded enterprises. The products were mainly made of bulk textiles and garments; a large number of products exported, and the textile economy was outward oriented economy; and the layout of production was concentrated from scattered layout to regional.

Since 1980s, under the background of reform and opening up, China's textile industry has experienced a period of rapid expansion with the advantage of cheap labor.

According to the statistics of wage cost of labor in the world textile industry by German Werner International Inc, China ranked forty-eighth in the 54 countries surveyed in the autumn of 2000, and the cost of labor wages is only 2.6% of Japan and 4.8% of the United States.

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In the middle of 90s, China entered into the low end capacity pfer of textile industry from four Asian small dragons and other regions through the cost advantages such as labor force. However, due to fierce competition in the market, homogenization competition led to imbalance between supply and demand. At that time, most state-owned enterprises were heavily burdened with heavy capital and equipment, and the whole textile industry suffered losses for many years. P

With the rapid development of textile and private enterprises, the textile industry has reached a breakeven point by the end of 90s.

The textile industry was a big industry in China at that time and occupied an important position in the whole economic structure. In 1999, the export surplus of the textile industry was 32 billion US dollars, accounting for 70% of the country's foreign trade surplus.

According to the statistics of 2000, 13 million workers in the textile industry accounted for 13% of the national industrial workers and 11.4% of the country's fixed assets.

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After P accession to China in 2001, the biggest beneficiaries of China's accession to the WTO were the textile industry with relatively prominent international competitive advantages. In 2004, the proportion of the total output value of textile industry, the proportion of industrial workers and the number of enterprise units reached the peak of this stage.

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< p > 2005 < a href= > http://sjfzxm.com/news/index_z.asp > considering /a > to the overall interests of the national economy, Chinese enterprises have made "sacrifice" for the establishment of a new global textile trade order. The active improvement of China's export tariffs has eased the positive conflict of short-term trade and the pressure of RMB appreciation, but the textile industry has entered a stage of adjustment.

At the same time, the labor cost in China is showing a trend of rapid growth. The labor cost of the textile industry has gone all the way. It has strong competitive advantages compared with the developed countries and the international average. However, compared with the main competitors in Asia, the wage cost of China has no advantage.

In 2002, the average wage level of China's textile industry has reached 1.12 times that of India and 1.86 times of that of Pakistan. The two rising countries in the late 1990s are increasingly becoming China's strongest competitors in low value-added and popular textile and clothing products.

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< p > 2007~2008, although European and American restrictions on textiles in China have expired one after another, but the relative advantage represented by labor costs has been weakening, which has weakened the competitiveness of China's textile industry in the world. 2008~2009 years of financial crisis has delayed the pressure of rising labor costs. But in 2011, the "compensatory" wage increase and staff welfare indirectly increased the labor cost, and China's textile industry was increasingly impacted by Vietnam and other countries.

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Since P, 2012, labor costs continue to rise, environmental protection and other policy pressures are increasing. Industrial pformation and upgrading are imminent. Low and medium end production capacity has been accelerated to Southeast Asian countries.

In 2013, Vietnam's textile exports amounted to 23 billion US dollars, accounting for 15% of the total GDP value of Vietnam, and Vietnam resolved 3 million people's employment. The textile industry has become the traditional pillar industry in Vietnam.

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< p > industrial development refers to the evolution process of the continuous progress of industries in a country or region, that is, changes or changes in economic structure, social structure, political structure and sense of consciousness, which are accompanied by the growth of output.

The factors that affect industrial development are: 1) demand factors, such as investment structure, personal consumption demand, and so on; 2) supply factors, such as natural resources, human resources, capital supply, production technology system, and so on; 3) foreign trade factors, such as import and export trade, international technology pfer, and so on; 4) besides, economic system factors, environmental factors, etc.

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＜p＞　　產業生命周期曲線是產品生命周期曲線的包絡線，通常情況下產業生命周期分為四個階段，各階段具備不同的特征：1)導入期，企業數量少，集中程度高;技術不成熟，產品品種單一，質量較低且不穩定;市場規模狹小，需求增長緩慢，需求的價格彈性也很小;產業利潤微薄甚至全產業虧損;進入壁壘低，競爭程度較弱，產品定價各自為政;2)成長期：大量廠商進入，產業內部集中程度低;生產技術日漸成熟和穩定，產品呈現多樣化、差別化，質量提高且穩定;市場規模增大，需求增長迅速，需求的價格彈性也增大;產業利潤迅速增長且利潤率較高;進入壁壘低，內部競爭壓力大，競爭形式主要表現為價格競爭;3)成熟期：產業集中程度高，出現了一定程度的壟斷;技術較成熟，產品無差異化，產品質量較高;市場需求增長速度明顯減緩，需求的價格彈性減小;產業的利潤達

To a very high level; high barriers to entry, mainly reflected in the scale of barriers, competition means to non price means; longer duration is the stable stage of industrial development, if there is technological innovation, there will be more sustained long-term growth; 4) recession: the number of manufacturers decreased; demand gradually reduced, sales fell; profits decreased; new products and substitutes appeared in large numbers, and the competitiveness of the original industry decreased.

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< p > for the general < a href= "http://sjfzxm.com/news/index_z.asp" > industry < /a >, its life cycle can be divided into germination stage, growth stage, maturity stage and recession stage.

From the perspective of industrial growth, it can be divided into seven sub industrial stages: (1) young industry: in the initial stage of development, because the scale of production is too small, the cost is too high, and the technology is immature, it can not enjoy the advantages of economies of scale and lack of international competitiveness; (2) emerging industries: the industry is in the stage of growth, showing that the overall market demand of the industry is not large, but the growth rate is very fast.

Even if the proportion of the industrial structure in a short period is very small, it will have a greater effect on the whole industrial structure from a longer period of time. (3) sunrise industry: the further development of new industries, the continuous maturity of technology, the continuous decline of average cost, the continuous expansion of industrial scale and the increasing demand of the market; (4) mature industries: showing a growth slowdown and a relatively stable proportion in the whole industrial structure system.

Becoming a pillar industry is a symbol of the emerging industry entering a mature stage; (5) declining industries: due to the gradual aging of technology, the gradual shrinking of market demand and the rising cost of average, the industry of decreasing returns to scale and the declining position and role of the industrial structure in the whole industrial structure; (6) sunset industry: declining industries will continue to decline, unable to get the support from the government, and there is no major breakthrough in technology to reform the original technological conditions and to withdraw from the market industry or industrial cluster; (7) the elimination industry: the industry that has withdrawn from the market due to the aging of technology, shrinking demand, rising costs, rising costs and long-term losses.

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