Decoding Lao Guan Shan Loom And Restoring Jacquard Technology In Han Dynasty

From the eastern side of Tumen community health station in Tian Hui town, Jinniu District, Chengdu, commonly known as "old official hill", from 2012 to 2013, 920 medical bamboo slips in the Western Han Dynasty were discovered. Some medical books are likely to be the classic books of Bian Que School of traditional Chinese medicine. The model of 4 brocade jacquard looms is the first complete model of loom in Western Han Dynasty. It is also the earliest and most complete Loom Model in the world.

Recently, the official website of the China Silk Museum announced that the "compass plan" special "Han Dynasty jacquard technology recovery research and Exhibition" was officially established by the State Administration of cultural heritage. The object of the study is the related loom models excavated from the Han Tomb of the old official hill. They will fill the blanks in the history of ancient Chinese spinning and weaving technology, and answer the related puzzles of the ancient jacquard looms and jacquard weaving techniques, such as the time of invention, the skeleton of development, and so on.

　　 loom Model "never seen before"

Last year, in the "2013 Chinese archaeological discoveries" sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, thousands of archaeological projects were defeated in the Han Tomb of the old official hill in Tian Hui town, Chengdu, and the "Oscar" of the Chinese Archaeological circle was captured. It became one of the six great discoveries of Chinese Archaeology in 2013. It was in line with the tomb of Emperor Qin Shihuang in Xi'an and the tomb of Suiti in Yangzhou, Yangzhou.

The old official mountain stands out mainly from three treasures: looms, medical simplified models, and human medical models. The four model of the brocade jacquard machine, "unprecedented", is the first excavated model of the oblique loom in China, which fills the blank of the world textile history. Wang Yarong, a researcher in the Institute of Archaeology and an expert in textile and costume history, said: "looms are of great significance to the study of the origin and development of silk textile technology in China and the world, especially the silk thread on the top, which is bright and beautiful."

　　 Deciphering Jacquard weave Technical code

The four models have become the object of the compass project of the State Administration of cultural heritage. The focus of the study is to decipher the jacquard code on the model. We will collate and survey systematically, study and explore the types and jacquard principles of jacquard looms in ancient China, reproduce weaving tools and restore production techniques.

The director of the project, Zhao Feng, director of the China Silk Museum, said last year that the Loom Model unearthed from the old official hill was the first unearthed Loom Model and the earliest jacquard model in the world. It is of great significance to China's textile history and science and technology history. It represents the highest level of textile handicraft at that time, and even has an important influence on the history of world textile.

The core of research production technology is jacquard technology, exploring its origin and evolution process, so as to solve the academic dispute of jacquard weaving technology in the Han Dynasty. On the basis of in-depth research, scientific argumentation, systematic understanding and theoretical induction, the related display techniques including 3D display system are implemented, and the working principle and weaving technology of the excavated loom model are comprehensively interpreted.

　　 Prototype loom Up to 3 meters.

In the tomb of 4 loom models, a woman about 50 years old may be a master of weaving. In the 4 loom model, the maximum height is about 50 cm, about 70 cm long, and about 20 cm wide; the other 3 looms are almost large.

In addition, there are also wooden figurines excavated along with the looms. These wooden figurines or standing or sitting arms have different positions, forming a textile worker's scene, among which there is a "supervisor". According to the height ratio of these wooden figurines, the staff of the Chengdu archaeological team once speculated: "if the scale of the loom is restored to the original size according to the ratio of the height of the wooden figurines to the height of the modern people, it should be up to 3 meters tall and 4 meters long. All the components should be combined or have a room of tens of square meters." Wang Haoye.