Functional Adhesive For Fabric Printing

Adhesives for textiles are mainly used for yarn sizing, printing and dyeing, fabric finishing, textile processing and textile bonding, such as textile and plastic, rubber, ceramic and metal bonding. Among them, the use of printing adhesives is relatively large, its main role is to dye or pigment adhered to the fabric, is a fabric can give a variety of patterns of printing process. In addition to meeting the washing and beauty of the products, printing adhesives must also have certain functions to match the application of textiles. Therefore, the printing adhesive is conducive to promoting the development of new textiles [3]. Textile printing adhesives with different functions, such as environmental protection, waterproofing, moisture permeability, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, antibacterial property and anti UV radiation, can meet the application requirements in different fields: low temperature crosslinking functional printing adhesive has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection. Waterproof and moisture permeable functional printing adhesive can make fabric remain sticky in damp environment without affecting the moisture permeability of fabrics. Multi-functional printing adhesives such as weather resistance, weather resistance, heat resistance and radiation resistance can make fabrics durable. This study focuses on functional fabrics such as low temperature crosslinking, UV curing, waterproof and moisture permeable, heat resistant and oxidation resistant. printing The structural characteristics, preparation and properties of adhesives are reviewed.

　　 1. Functional textile printing. An adhesive

1.1 low temperature Crosslinked

In the process of synthesis, some cross-linked monomers (such as N- hydroxymethyl acrylamide) are often introduced into the fabric adhesive, but when the adhesive is bonded to the fabric, it is easy to release the formaldehyde [4] after baking at high temperature (140~150 C). By improving the adhesive composition, the baking temperature can be reduced to about 100 degrees Celsius. The results showed that when the matrix resin of pigment printing adhesive was acrylic copolymer resin, the baking temperature of the corresponding adhesive had a good adhesion force at 80~100 C, [5-8]; when the solid content of the adhesive was 44%, w (total emulsifier) <2.0% and the average diameter of microemulsion <50nm, it could be bonded to film after drying at 100 degrees, and the film was transparent and bright.

Hamilton and other [9] AA (acrylic acid), VAc (vinyl acetate) and two types of poly (butadiene -AA) and other raw materials, the synthesis of low temperature cross-linking acrylic adhesive and methacrylate modified wheat gluten protein, can be successfully produced composite fabric printing adhesive. Wang Zhendong and other [10] research results show that low temperature self crosslinking adhesives can be prepared by core / shell emulsion polymerization using acrylate as reaction monomer. Ke Changmei and other [11] used BA (butyl acrylate), MMA (methyl methacrylate), AA and methacrylamide as raw materials, and anion / non ionic emulsifier as emulsifier. The core / shell emulsion adhesive was obtained by semi continuous emulsion polymerization. The adhesive has good washability and good thickening property (it can reduce the amount of thickener). Chen Guo Bao [12] introduced epoxy (epoxy group at 100 below C and crosslinking with carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, amino group, epoxy group and vinyl group) and made a low temperature self crosslinking adhesive for fabric. Yan and other [13] used acrylate as raw material, and discussed the optimization conditions of synthetic adhesive and pigment printing process. The results showed that when the mass ratio of soft / hard monomer was 1.33, w (AA) =1.5%, w (twelve alkyl mercaptan) =0.23% and w (cross-linked monomer) =2.0%, low temperature polyacrylate emulsion adhesive could be prepared. The adhesive could be formed at 80 degrees prebaked 3min and 130 degrees centigrade, and showed good color fastness to washing and color fastness to abrasion.

1.2 photocurable type

Photocurable adhesive is made of high efficiency and low energy consumption light curing technology, so its application in textile field has attracted much attention. The process of textile light curing printing is to combine the monomer of the synthetic adhesive (or the mixture of oligomers) with the pigment to spray (or spray) on the fabric. After irradiating by UV, the material system is polymerized and solidified into [14] on the fabric. Light curing adhesives usually contain double bonds (or epoxy photosensitive functional groups). After irradiation, the initiator can decompose free radicals or cationic groups, resulting in photocrosslinking reaction [15]. The printing system composed of photocurable adhesive has the characteristics of fast curing, energy saving and basically no pollution, and its pigment and fiber bond is very close, that is, its color fastness to abrasion is obviously improved by [16-17].

Xiao Jihua and other [18] used phase transfer catalytic method to mix acrylic acid sodium salt and epichlorohydrin in a certain proportion, and then dehydrated, high temperature reaction, vacuum distillation and water washing process to produce acrylic acid glycidyl ester adhesive. The adhesive not only can be cured by traditional method, but also contains epoxy functional groups, which can be crosslinked by UV, that is, it can be used as UV curing adhesive. Jiang and other [19] were prepared with vinyl silicone oil as modifier, and the corresponding modified polyacrylate emulsion adhesive was prepared. The adhesive has double sensitive photosensitive groups and shell / core structure, so its comprehensive properties are excellent. Solina and other [20] based on light curing PU (polyurethane) as raw materials, and with coatings, pigments and crosslinking agents and other components, made of adhesives can be applied to pigment printing, and its wet fastness and wear resistance is good. El-Molla and other [21-22] were prepared with IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate), polyethylene glycol and acrylate oligomers as raw materials, and the thermal curing, UV curing and microwave curing acrylic adhesive were prepared. The results show that the adhesive can be used as a printing adhesive for screen printing of polyester fabric. When the Mr of the polyethylene glycol is 1000 and 2000, the viscosity of the adhesive is 4.2mPa, s (good coating) and the shear rate is about 10.0s 1. The adhesive prepared by acryl oxide functional group is highly adhesive.

1.3 waterproof and moisture permeable.

The production of waterproof and moisture permeable textiles is usually coated with functional coatings on textiles, so the use of corresponding functional adhesives is relatively large. Most of the fabrics use this kind of adhesive to achieve waterproof and moisture permeability through the waterproof functional foundation and hydrophilic group. The water vapor molecules can be transferred to the low humidity side through the adhesive's hydrophilic group to desorb, and through the "adsorption, diffusion, desorption" process, the water vapor penetrates the outer surface of the fabric, so as to achieve the purpose of waterproof and moisture permeability. It is reported that WPU (waterborne polyurethane) contains water-based and hydrophilic groups, which can be used as the matrix resin [23-25] for waterproof and moisture permeable adhesives. In addition, it has excellent softness and abrasion resistance and can be used as adhesive [26] for pigment printing.

Yang Jianjun and other [27] used terminal C=C based WPU[from dimethoxylpropionic acid, polyether diol, methacrylic acid - beta hydroxypropyl ester and TDI (toluene diisocyanate) and so on, and acrylic monomers and organosilicon as raw materials. The PUAS (WPU- silicone acrylate) emulsion was prepared by CO 60- gamma radiation grafting polymerization. The results show that silicon containing compounds are good waterproof and compliant materials. The introduction of silicone acrylate in WPU adhesive system can effectively improve the waterproof, moisture permeability and softness of adhesives. The hydrostatic pressure of the adhesive layer on cotton fabric (110 x 76), polyester silk (190T) and nylon silk (210T) is 4.1, 7.3 and 1.1kPa respectively, and the moisture permeability is 4856, 2312 and 13994g (/m2 d) respectively.

Wang Maolong and other [28] have prepared a formaldehyde free WPU fabric adhesive for printing. The performance of the printed fabric is similar to that of the traditional fabric. Yu Dongqing et al. [29] used polyethylene glycol, IPDI, EP (epoxy resin) and hydrophilic chain extender (dimethoxy methyl propionic acid), two ethylene three amine and three ethylamine as the main raw materials, and prepared a new modified WPU fabric printing adhesive. The adhesive can form an internal cross-linked three dimensional network structure with good crosslinking degree and waterproof and moisture permeability.

1.4 heat resistant and oxidation resistant

When the textile is exposed to the outdoor environment or irradiated by sunlight, the adhesive layer will become yellowed and brittle when the irradiation time is prolonged or the ambient temperature rises.

Because the fracture energy of Si - O bond is higher than that of C - C bond, the degradation temperature of organosilicon usually exceeds 300 C, and its heat resistance and oxidation resistance are relatively good. The heat-resistant and oxidation resistant adhesives made of organosilicon as modifier have good application prospects and have become one of the hotspots in the research field. When silicon containing material is heated, it can form a silicon oxide protective layer on the surface of the material, thereby effectively reducing the thermal degradation rate of the material, thus effectively improving the thermal stability of the material [30]. Through semi interpenetrating polymer network, copolymerization and grafting, the functional segments of silicone can be introduced into the matrix resin of adhesives, so that the adhesive can play a good heat and oxidation resistance function in the use of [31].

Tan Wenli et al. [32] used hydroxyl silicone oil, MMA and BA as core layer monomers, and GMA (glycidyl methacrylate) and MAA (methacrylic acid) were used as shell monomer to prepare core / shell type silicone acrylic pigment printing adhesive. Peng Yonggang et al. [33] used ring opening polymerization of eight methyl ring four siloxane and vinyl containing silane coupling agent to prepare polysiloxane pre emulsion with good stability. Then, the emulsion was used in the modification of acrylate emulsion, and a silicone acrylic pigment printing adhesive was prepared with excellent performance. Wang Xiaojuan [34] optimized the process of the pigment printing adhesive. The results showed that when the w (eight methyl ring four siloxane) =10%, w (ammonium persulfate) =0.4% (relative to the monomer monomer quality), w (twelve alkyl benzene sulfonate sodium emulsifier) =4% and reaction temperature 80 degrees, the pigment printing adhesive had the best comprehensive performance. Yang Zhen et al. [35] discussed the effects of the time and content of organosilicon prepolymerization, the type and content of the catalyst on the properties of the polymer. When the grafting time was 2.5h, the comprehensive properties of the silicone acrylic emulsion were relatively good. Chen and other [36] were directly grafted onto polyacrylate chain by using siloxane with good flexibility and heat resistance to prepare a silicone acrylic emulsion with good comprehensive properties.

　　 2, conclusion

(1) low temperature crosslinking, light curing, waterproof and moisture permeable, heat resistant and oxidation resistant functional textile printing adhesives, which can be prepared by grafting, copolymerization and crosslinking, have good application prospects.

(2) there are relatively few reports on new type of fabric adhesives, such as antibacterial, UV aging resistance, oil repellency and antifouling properties. Therefore, multifunctional textile printing adhesives can be developed in combination with polymer modification methods and different uses of fabrics. With the continuous development of the textile industry, all kinds of new fabrics will emerge one after another. Special functional textile printing adhesives will be the development direction in the future.