What Should Be Done In The New Accounting Standards?

Compared with the existing inventory rules (2001) and the enterprise accounting system, the accounting standards for Enterprises No. first - Inventory (hereinafter referred to as the new guidelines) have not changed much in content. The main changes are reflected in the measurement of inventory in different channels.

In addition to guideline No. first, there are seventh, twelfth, seventeenth and 20 criteria for measuring inventory.

This paper tries to analyze some changes in the accounting system of inventory in the new standard system.

According to the existing guidelines and systems, creditors are restructured through debt restructuring.

The profits and losses are not recognized according to the book value of the reorganization debt and the relevant taxes and fees.

Enterprise

No. seventeenth - borrowing costs "stipulates that assets that meet capitalization conditions refer to assets such as fixed assets, investment real estate, inventory and other assets that need to be purchased or built for a considerable period of time to achieve the intended use or sale status.

It can be seen that the guidelines extend the capitalization.

The inventory that needs to be purchased or built for a long time to achieve a predetermined sale status is also an asset that accords with capitalization conditions.

For certain industries with long production cycle, such as shipbuilding, aircraft manufacturing and some other machinery manufacturing industries, the borrowing cost capitalization of inventory production will be allowed.

This will directly affect the measurement of the assets and expenses of enterprises in these industries, thereby affecting the financial situation and operating results of enterprises.

According to the existing guidelines and systems, fair value is not allowed in non monetary assets pactions, usually not recognised.

The amount of the changed stock is recorded on the basis of the book value of the replacement assets plus the relevant tax and tax (minus the input tax). If the premium is added, it should be supplemental with the premium paid (paid party) or minus the supplementary price plus the confirmed extra business income (the receiving party).

According to the accounting standards for Enterprises No. seventh - non monetary assets exchange, the initial measurement of inventory is more complex. Enterprises should first judge pactions, that is to say, whether the exchange of non monetary assets meets two conditions at the same time (the exchange has the commercial value and the fair value of assets exchanged or exchanged for assets can be reliably measured).

The initial measurement of inventory under different circumstances is summarized in Table 1.

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After getting a set of software, do not rush to install and try all kinds of functions of the software.

First, we should have a clear understanding of the software usage rules, and we should know the operation process of the financial software.

Then, the initialization operation of the ledger is carried out according to the following procedures.

1. In UFIDA's financial software, we should first create a new account with the administrator's identity. After setting up an account, we should not initialize the initial balance. It's more important to do the financial division of labor. Don't tell me that your unit is an accountant. Even so, you have to do financial work and take several jobs: all financial software separates the voucher entries from audit accounts, so as to cross supervision.

The most common way of financial division is to divide into four systems: system administrators, single orders, auditors, bookkeeper.

In future use, we should register the financial software in different status according to the division of accounts.

2, conduct subject setting.

After the financial division of labor, we should then check whether the accounting items provided by the system can meet the accounting needs of your unit. If it is not enough (to be exact, it is not enough!), we should add relevant subjects.

For example, in the process of accounting for value-added tax, it is obvious that we need two or even three level subjects of "VAT payable", but you can't find it in the accounting subjects provided by the system. At this point, we should enter the "accounting subjects" module and add the work to the subjects. We should pay attention to the coding of subjects in the process of adding.

If it is a two level subject, the first three coding of the subject must be set to the corresponding level one code.

It should be known that the management of subjects in UFIDA's financial software is based on subject codes. If the coding of subjects is wrong, there will be endless troubles. Moreover, if subjects are set up, they will not be deleted in the future accounting.

3, set the initial balance.

If the opening date of your new account is in the middle of the year and when the initial balance is entered, you can not enter it in the column of "early balance".

I have always wondered whether there is software failure because of this problem.

The correct way is to enter in the "beginning balance" column.

When entering the initial balance, you must pay attention to the accuracy of the data, because when these initial data happen, you will never be able to modify them.

Using financial software to do daily accounting, sometimes you will encounter trouble finding things. Manual processing is very simple, but you can't do anything on computers. Common problems are as follows:

1. No credentials can be entered: when you first use the UFIDA software, you will first enter the "certificate processing module" to enter the credentials, but you will never succeed.

Why? Because you didn't set up the "credential category" (that is, the common word "collect, pfer and pay"). The solution is very simple.

2, the credentials entered can not be credentials.

When you work hard to record the voucher, when you do bookkeeping, you will probably find that the credentials for the bookkeeping system are blank. Why? Here, we have to mention the accounting process.

In UFIDA's financial software, the basic accounting process is: credential input > voucher audit > credential record. This basic procedure is not unknown.

In addition, according to the principle of cross supervision, it is impossible for you to carry out voucher auditing and bookkeeping at the time of voucher entry. You (or others) must re login in different identities before you can conduct audit and bookkeeping operations.

3, it can not be modified by credentials.

After you have kept all the credentials, you find that your accounting voucher has been incorrectly entered and how to modify it. This process is somewhat complicated.

First, log in as an "auditor" or "bookkeeper", then enter the "account management module" and select the "restore the pre billing status" menu. At this point, you can choose between "restoring the last billing status" and "recovering to the beginning of the month".

After that, we enter the "certificate processing" module, cancel the audit of the error certificate, and then log in again as the "single clerk" to make the revision operation.

In daily work, it is normal to use a set of software to account for multiple accounts.

Therefore, we will encounter some problems of information reuse. For example, the accounting items used by the head office and the branch company are mostly the same. If the two accounts are accounted for by one person, the "help code" of the accounting subjects is consistent.

When we build second new accounts, how can we use the accounting information in the first set of accounts for second sets of accounts? It is impossible to input it in turn. The corresponding solution for UFIDA's financial software is provided.

Access to UFIDA financial software "UF accounts (tools)" auxiliary procedures, select subjects can be copied.

It should be noted that the premise that subjects can be copied is that the rules of the two sets of accounts should be consistent, otherwise the replication operation can not be completed.

The "UFO report" program is an auxiliary software for reprocessing account information generated by UF accounts.

It can process the existing accounting information and generate various financial statements.

In practice, it is the easiest and the least easy to detect problems. It is mainly manifested in: unable to generate reports, but you can not get any wrong information. I have encountered this problem. It is very annoying! When doing the report generation, the correct procedure is, 1, choose the "new" operation in the menu.

2, choose the "account path" in the file menu. This is the most critical step! For example, if you are installing the financial software under D:UFSOFT72, assuming that you have built a set of 001 set accounts, then you can not set the accounting path to D: UFSOFT72ZT001 when setting up the account path. This is wrong.

The "account path" in UFO refers to the storage path of system file ZWSET.MDB. With this understanding, you can successfully report processing.

When preparing financial statements, you may have this experience. It is clear that your account handling is OK, but the balance sheet generated by UFO is always uneven.

At this point, first of all, you should check whether the formula of each item in the "owner's equity" column is consistent with your accounting. The most common problem is that the calculation of "undistributed profit" by UFO software and the handling of "surplus reserves" are in conflict with your accounting methods (for example, the different ways to use the "knot method" or "account knot method" for this year's profit will affect the calculation of undistributed profits).