Textile Industry Transfer Is Both An Opportunity And A Challenge.

Since the early twentieth Century, the global textile and garment industry has undergone five rounds of industrial transfer. At the time of the fifth round of industrial transfer, although China is still the largest textile and garment exporting country in the world, the recent global trade friction has made the domestic textile and garment industry gradually shift outward.

Figure 1 focus shift of global textile industry

　　 Since the first industrial revolution, the United Kingdom took the lead in establishing the manufacturing center of the textile industry in the world. But then the second industrial revolution in 1930s first came into being in the United States, and electricity, chemical and iron and steel industries developed rapidly. Standardization and scale became the new pronoun of the textile industry. At that time, the global textile industry center was also transferring to the United States. After the Second World War, although Japan was a defeated country, with the support of the United States, the industrial level was rapidly restored. At this time, the manufacturing focus of the world textile industry has gradually shifted to this, and the global industrial chain is gradually forming at this time. But then in the 60-70 decade of twentieth Century, after a period of development in Japan and Germany, the cost of manpower gradually increased, and as a labor-intensive and low value-added industry, the textile industry began to shift gradually to the "four Asian dragons" and other regions with abundant human resources and low cost. Entering the 80s, under the policy of reform and opening up, China has obvious advantages in its industrial policies and abundant labor resources. At the same time, the "four Asian dragons" have gradually stepped into the middle and high income level, and the relatively low end textile industry began to transfer to the developing countries headed by China at this time.

After 40 years of reform and opening up, China's economy is developing rapidly, but the cost of labor is also rising. As a labor-intensive industry, the textile industry is gradually shifting outwards. Especially in recent years, the global trade friction, especially the intensification of trade frictions between China and the United States, has further promoted the shift of the textile industry.

Figure 22015-2019 changes in China's exports of textile products and garments

　　 In recent years, although the export of textile yarns, fabrics and products has risen, but with the development of trade frictions between China and the United States, some countries such as India, Mexico and Indonesia have launched anti-dumping measures against China. The overall export growth slowed down significantly. In October 2019, China exported $10 billion 155 million 100 thousand in textile yarn, fabrics and products. In 2019 1-10, China exported 99 billion 310 million 300 thousand dollars in textile yarn, fabrics and products, an increase of 0.4% over the same period last year. In the field of clothing, exports are declining year by year. In October 2019, our export garments and accessories were US $12 billion 712 million 900 thousand; in 2019 1-10, our exports of textile yarns, fabrics and articles were US $125 billion 504 million 700 thousand, down 4.8% from the same period last year.

From the point of view of industrial transfer, Southeast Asia has become the main area of textile industry in the later stage.

Taking Vietnam as an example, Vietnam has become one of the world's three largest exporters of textiles and clothing after rapid development in recent years. Vietnam now relies on cheap labor, productive resources and preferential tariff policies for Japan, Korea and EU countries. More and more overseas enterprises are transferring their orders to this country. Foreign brands such as UNIQLO, Nike and other domestic factories such as Baron East and Lu Tai A have increased their industrial layout in Vietnam. As an obvious export oriented country, Vietnam's textile and clothing exports are increasing year by year. As of 2018, Vietnam's textile and clothing exports exceeded US $about 36000000000, an increase of 16.01% over the same period last year. And the highest level of growth since 2015. By the end of 2018, Vietnam's textile and garment exports in 2019 reached US $40 billion and grew by 10.8% over the same period. In the first seven months of 2019, Vietnam's textile and clothing exports amounted to US $18 billion 300 million, an increase of 10.5 percentage points compared to the same period last year, and has achieved 45.7% of the target for the whole year.

Table 1 Vietnam's advantages in textile investment

　　 To sum up, although the textile and garment industry in Southeast Asia has made considerable progress in recent years, it still faces certain constraints. For example, the basic facilities are not perfect enough, and most of the raw materials depend on imports. At present, China's status as the largest textile processing country in the world is still not shaken. Industrial upgrading will be the development direction of our textile and garment industry in the later stage. In the global chain, brands, sales, advanced fabrics and high quality raw materials are in the US, Europe, Japan and other enterprises. China and Southeast Asia are still at the low end of this value chain. The future direction of development will be to increase the added value of our products, increase the research and development efforts of textile production raw materials, and develop towards branding and high added value. The future development of the industry will be bright and beautiful.