How To Optimize The Business Environment And Strengthen The Real Economy In 2020? Listen To The "Big Problems" That Textile People Care About.

In 2020, the internal and external situation is complex and changeable, and both risks and opportunities exist at the same time. China's textile industry is at a critical stage of transformation of development mode, optimization of industrial structure and transformation of growth momentum, and industry development is closely related to the national macroeconomic situation. So, what should we look at the economic situation in 2020? Under such circumstances, how should the real economy be bigger and stronger through innovation? How will every place create a good business environment? These are the "big problems" that textile people care about.

Question 1

How does the macro economy look and act in 2020?

What should the economic situation look like in 2020? At the recent "2020 China economic trend annual meeting" sponsored by the economic daily news, the participants thought that 2020 is the year of building a well-off society in an all-round way and ending the "13th Five-Year" plan. It is also the decisive year for the fight against poverty. It is very important to do well in the whole year's economic work. China's potential growth rate at this stage is around 6%, which will be a strong support for future growth. In recent years, the optimization of economic structure has exceeded expectations, which has enhanced the stability of economic operation. The stable operation of the economy in 2020 is still a probability event. If the policy is implemented in a timely manner, the economic operation will be better than expected.

Pan Gongsheng, deputy director of the people's Bank of China and director of the State Administration of foreign exchange, said, "China is one of the few major economies in the world that still implements the normal monetary policy." We should continue to implement a prudent monetary policy and create a favorable monetary and financial environment for the promotion of high quality economic development. The people's Bank of China will adhere to the fundamental requirements of the financial services entity economy, take into account economic growth, inflation expectations, macro leverage and exchange rate stability, maintain flexibility and moderation, strengthen anti cyclical regulation, dredge the policy transmission mechanism, enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy, give full play to the guiding role of structural tools, increase the support for key areas and weak links, especially small and micro enterprises, private enterprises and manufacturing industries, and serve the high quality development of the economy.

Zhang Junkuo, deputy director of the development research center of the State Council and member of the Party group, said that the central economic work conference will be "the unswerving implementation of the new development concept" as the first priority work this year. It has strong practical pertinence and work orientation. We must conscientiously study and deeply understand the spirit of the Central Committee and conscientiously enhance our awareness of action. By unswervingly carrying out the new development concept and unswervingly advancing the structural reform of the supply side, we will strive to break through the institutional obstacles that restrict the full release of economic growth potential and the high quality development. This will not only lay a foundation for the sustained economic growth in the medium and long term, but also be an effective way for short-term steady growth.

"Carrying out the new development concept and promoting the development of high quality involves not only the quality improvement of products, services, people's livelihood, infrastructure and ecological environment, but also the transformation and cooperation of ideas, culture, system, policies and so on, which can be described as a very complicated systematic project." Zhang Junkuo believed that we must conscientiously study the spirit of the Central Committee and deeply grasp its inherent requirements, and combine closely with the realities of all regions and areas, and take effective measures to achieve tangible results. At this stage, we need to deal with the following important relationships. First, we need to deal with the relationship between the three new economies, such as the development of new industries, new formats, new business models and the promotion of transformation and upgrading of traditional industries; two, we need to deal with the relationship between the quality improvement of manufacturing industry and the improvement of service quality; three, we need to deal with the relationship between quality improvement and synergy and the short board; and four, we need to deal with the relationship between economic and social development and environmental quality improvement.

Speaking of how to improve the system and policy environment conducive to carrying out the new development concept and promoting the development of high quality, Zhang Jun said that the most important four aspects are: first, we must further improve the market environment of fair competition and survival of the fittest, and fully stimulate the vitality of enterprises. Two, we must further improve the environment for promoting innovation, and fully stimulate the potential for innovation in all aspects of society. Three, we should fully mobilize the enthusiasm of cadres, especially local leaders, in implementing the new development concept. At the same time, efforts should be made to create a social environment conducive to the implementation of the new development concept and the promotion of high-quality development. On the one hand, through publicity, education and training, and the corresponding incentive mechanism construction, we should form a climate of advocating skills and advocating practical work in the whole society to promote the improvement and quality of workers in all walks of life. On the other hand, we should vigorously advocate the consumption concept and consumption mode advocating green and quality, and promote, guide and push the development of quality with the change of consumption concept and consumption mode.

Gao Peiyong, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and member of the Party group, said: "the main thread of structural reform of supply side runs through the whole process of macroeconomic regulation and control" is an important requirement put forward by the central economic work conference. To analyze the trend of China's fiscal policy in 2020, we must combine the active fiscal policy with the supply side structural reform.

"When it comes to fiscal policy, I think we are most concerned about reducing taxes and lowering fees", Gao pointed out. "Looking back on the practice of tax reduction and tax reduction in the past year, we find that its operational mechanism and action line are very different from before, and it is the most concentrated embodiment of the active fiscal policy running through the main line of structural reform of supply side". Gao Peiyong believes that there are three differences in tax reduction since 2019. First, its main object is to refer specifically to enterprises, the main purpose is to reduce costs to enterprises, and emphasize the tilt towards the real economy. It has a clear direction of operation rather than a total reduction and reduction. Second, it involves the value added tax instead of the enterprise income tax, which is based on reducing the cost in the process of production and operation of enterprises, and meets the "cost reduction" requirement of supply side structural reform. Third, this round of tax reduction and reduction is not aimed at smoothing the short-term policy adjustment of the economic cycle, but based on solving the structural contradictions in the economic operation and achieving the long-term, healthy and stable development of the economy. In 2020 or even longer, we will adhere to this orientation and principles.

Speaking of what should be done on the positive fiscal policy in 2020, Gao Peiyong believes that in general, the overall macroeconomic policy arrangement in 2020 should be tilted to the structural reform of the supply side, especially the active fiscal policy arrangement should be tilted to the structural reform of the supply side. In accordance with the requirements of the central economic work conference, four key words need to be grasped: first, vigorously improve quality and increase efficiency. The so-called "upgrading quality and efficiency" refers to the promotion of "quality" and "efficiency". Combined with the requirements of the structural reform of the supply side, we should focus on both the growth of weight and the improvement of quality. We should focus on the two aspects of quantity and quality, and this is the focus of this year's proactive fiscal policy. Two, we should pay more attention to structural adjustment. At present, China is in the key stage of transforming development mode, optimizing economic structure and changing growth momentum. Structural, institutional and cyclical issues are intertwined. In order to alleviate these contradictions, active fiscal policy should not only expand effective demand through counter cyclical regulation, but also promote structural adjustment with greater efforts and more positive actions. Three, we must resolutely reduce general expenditure. Based on the bottom line thinking and risk awareness, we must optimize the adjustment of the fiscal expenditure structure, and resolutely reduce the general expenditure to reduce taxes and reduce fees and expand the investment spending space. We should focus on reducing the government's own expenditure to provide financial support for the implementation of the proactive fiscal policy. The four is to ensure the improvement of people's livelihood and the protection of key areas. Facing the downward pressure of the economic growth and the continuous decline of the fiscal revenue growth, the operation of the proactive fiscal policy needs to allocate funds reasonably, improve the efficiency of fund utilization, improve the livelihood of the people and expenditure in key areas, ensure the protection of key areas, and support the basic level of wages, transportation, and basic livelihood.

Question two

How to rely on innovation to make the real economy bigger and stronger?

At present, China's real economy has both opportunities and challenges. How to strengthen and strengthen the real economy is a test of the wisdom and ability of the government and enterprises. At the sub forum of "2020 China economic trend annual meeting", participants attended the theme of "innovation driven and strong real economy".

1., innovation as the first driving force.

Innovation is the first driving force for development and the strategic support for building a modern economic system. According to the survey results of the economic daily enterprise, from 2015 to 2018, despite the obvious financial constraints, most enterprises are still persisting in innovation input, and the total number of scientific research personnel and total research funds has increased significantly.

Over the past 40 years since the reform and opening up, China's manufacturing industry has been expanding continuously, and its development level has been steadily enhanced. Behind this is the continuous strengthening of technological innovation. Bi Jiyao, vice president of the Macroeconomic Research Institute of the national development and Reform Commission, said.

Since reform and opening up, the state has always attached importance to R & D investment. In 2018, a total of 1 trillion and 967 billion 790 million yuan was invested in research and development (R&D) in the country, an increase of 207 billion 180 million yuan over the previous year, an increase of 11.8%, and the total investment ranked second in the world. The intensity of investment in research and development (R&D) was 2.19%, the highest among OECD countries, 0.04 percentage points higher than that of last year. "With the continuous increase of scientific research investment, the contribution rate of technological progress to economic growth has been steadily increased, reaching 58.5% in 2018 and over 2/3 in 2020." Bi Jiyao said.

However, there are many shortcomings in China's scientific and technological innovation. For example, there are still many deficiencies in basic research. There are many undesirable aspects of innovation ecology and research ecology.

"In the context of the increase of uncertain external environment, these short boards are exposed more clearly and more fully, which will also force us to strengthen our determination of independent innovation." Bi Ji Yao suggested that for the real economy, we should make further use of global innovation resources, and also guide the market players to continuously increase R & D investment, and take innovation as the first driving force to promote industrial transformation and upgrading. At the same time, we must correctly handle the relationship between the market and the government. The government should exert its efforts in the field of applied basic research, highlight key common technology innovations, and also stimulate the enthusiasm of market participants in innovation through fiscal and tax incentives.

The innovation of enterprises is inseparable from the investment and financial support of real gold and silver. In the view of Huang Zhiling, chief economist of China Construction Bank, the bank supports the innovation of the real economy, not only the social responsibility, but also the inherent requirement of the bank's own operation and long-term development.

"The bank's support for the real economy innovation does not mean that it simply gives money, and that financial support for real economic innovation can not simply be equated with credit support." Huang Zhiling said that in the process of practice, we should give full play to the role of good banks as "innovative consultants" and provide support for scientific research and innovation by setting up an information exchange platform. At the same time, we should adapt to different risk characteristics, innovate financial services, solve the financing needs of the real economy innovation, intensify the innovation of bank credit, break through the technical bottleneck of credit assessment, and realize the bank's support for the innovation of real economy loans to return to the original credit.

2., build an innovative "ecological circle".

In recent years, China's digital economy has been developing vigorously. According to the relevant institutions, by the end of 2018, the scale of China's digital economy reached 31 trillion yuan, accounting for 1/3 of GDP. The development of digital economy will play an important role in China's economic development, social progress and improvement of people's living standards.

"The vigorous development of the digital economy will inject more new kinetic energy into the medium and long term development of the economy." Pan Helin, executive dean of the digital Economic Research Institute of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, said that with the development of digital economy, various industries will be speeded up. For example, in the field of service, sharing bicycles and takeaway is the product of the accelerated development of digital economy. In the industrial field, there are also many digital and intelligent vivid practices. The accelerated integration of industries has led to a substantial increase in labour productivity in the whole society.

Pan and Lin suggested that in the long term, to achieve innovation driven entity development, we must do top-level design, promote the integration and development of digital economy and real economy through institutional innovation, build the ecological circle of digital economy and real economy, accelerate the breaking of isolated islands of numbers and information, and build digital "freeways" to make the digital economy and digital industry better on the "highway".

In the era of digital economy, data are of great value. "If we simply do data storage, we need to be stable, safe and reliable. However, if we want to release the value of the data to a greater extent, the key is to deepen the integration and development of the industry. Zhou Chaonan, chairman of run Technology Development Co., Ltd., said that in the era of digital economy, the boundaries of many industries have become more blurred, and the convergence development of different industries has become a trend. For example, in the past, bicycles were bicycles, but after the grafting of digital technology, shared bicycles were formed, forming a new huge market.

Relying on big data ecological platform, various industries have the opportunity to integrate, the key is to use the digital platform, build intensive sharing platform, and form an innovative "ecological circle". Zhou Chaonan said that in order to make data play a role in the development of integration, the key is to enhance the application ability of big data.

"In the past, there was more competition between different clothing brands. However, the innovation ecosystem we want to build is to transform from management competition to management cooperation. Wen Wei, senior vice president of Yiwen group, said that in the upstream and downstream of the garment industry, there are many high quality production capacity. How to make these capacity better serve consumers is exactly what the industry needs to solve in terms of innovation and development. In recent years, by integrating resources and constructing innovative platform, Yiwen group has realized the flexible supply of collective orders, collective design and collective production.

Question three

Optimizing business environment should find ways in "new"

In recent years, the Chinese government has made great progress in improving the business environment with the courage to reform itself and innovate. At the "2020 China economic trend annual meeting" held by the economic daily news, the participants discussed the theme of "optimizing the business environment and achieving high quality development", and "new" became a high frequency word.

1. change new concepts

With the upgrading of China's economic shift, the requirements for business environment also have new characteristics, and it is necessary to change ideas in the process of optimizing the business environment.

Xu Heping, former inspector of the general office of the Ministry of science and technology and Research Office, said that innovation has replaced all traditional industrial elements and become the core issue of modern economy, so the innovative environment is also the most critical part of the current business environment. In the future, the optimization of business environment should not only pursue convenience, openness and efficiency, but also focus on industrial innovation.

"For example, the development environment of advanced manufacturing industry and bio pharmaceutical industry needs to be very different. Therefore, we need to build a professional technological innovation service system, which has become a very important issue in the process of optimizing the business environment." Xu Ping said.

Ni Pengfei, director of the center for urban and competitiveness research of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also believes that to optimize the business environment, we should pay attention to improving industrial policies and promoting enterprises' ability to innovate. At the same time, all localities should also attach importance to improving the level of public services and attracting high-end talents.

"The original idea of attracting investment everywhere is to attract enterprises first, then increase taxes and then carry out urban construction. Now that the logic has changed, we need to improve the living environment of the residents first and raise the level of public services, so as to attract high-end talents, increase local innovation and entrepreneurship, and then lead to economic development. Ni Pengfei said.

Among the 15 sub provincial cities in the country, Qingdao is the first city to set up the "private economic development bureau". In fact, the Qingdao West Coast new area is 8 months ahead of Qingdao's establishment. This reflects the changes in the Qingdao West Coast New Area's important ideas in optimizing the business environment of private enterprises.

Sui Bin, deputy head of the West Coast new area of Qingdao, said: "compared to the southern region, we need to work hard to develop the private economy. The purpose of setting up the private economic development bureau is to hope that the private enterprises can also have their own "endorsement agencies" in the new district government, so that they can have a word to know which department to say, a sense of belonging.

2. application of new technology

In recent years, innovation technology has brought more possibilities to local governments in optimizing their business environment.

Wang Zhongxian, deputy secretary of the Party committee of the Lanzhou New District, said that through the "Internet + government" and big data platform, the Lanzhou new area will implement "one window, one network, simplified operation and immediate operation". The formalities of the enterprise can be handled online by one hundred percent.

Similar scenes also took place in Tianjin Binhai New Area. Ma Bo, member of the Standing Committee of the Tianjin Binhai New Area and propaganda minister, said: "the Binhai New Area of Tianjin has implemented the whole process of electronic registration of enterprises, and the cancellation of the establishment of domestic limited companies has been implemented online and issued an electronic business license. In the whole country, it pioneered the whole process automation management certificate making center, independently developed the certificate making system, achieved double blind approval of applicants and examiner's non meeting. Centralized management of business license and template, printing, seal and distribution of 105 types of professional license, greatly improving the efficiency of certification. In the wisdom of government services, the introduction of the coastal mobile uplink mobile client, open 1095 service items, including 429 matters with Tianjin City Netcom to achieve technical docking, 8 high frequency matters in the region to achieve closed loop management.

In order to solve the problem of blocking points in the use of taxpayer invoices, in June 2018, the Inland Revenue Department of Whampoa District of Guangzhou (Guangzhou Development Zone) launched the "tax chain" platform, the first national block chain electronic invoice system, and used block chain technology to provide taxpayers with services such as automatic invoice filing, invoicing, quick invoice delivery, automatic invoice collection, and so on, and opened up the whole process of "payment - reimbursement - entry", achieving "second order" and "minute class reimbursement".

Liu Shi, deputy district head of Whampoa District of Guangzhou, said: "after the enterprise has issued the electronic invoice of the block chain, the invoice is automatically inspecting old without manual operation. The enterprise can complete the whole process business of the electronic invoice of the block chain without leaving the home, and also solves the data island problem of different electronic invoice platform. After the invoice information is on the upper chain, the enterprise can query the invoice received by the enterprise through the "tax chain" platform, and solves the problem that the enterprise invoice collection is difficult.

3. expand new ideas.

In the process of optimizing the business environment, many local governments have improved their ability to develop their service enterprises through innovative ideas.

In November 22, 2019, the 34 major industrial projects in Changchun new district were signed and signed, amounting to 121 billion 760 million yuan. Tang Jidong, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee of the Changchun New District, and Secretary of the discipline committee, said that this achievement can not be separated from the innovative ideas of Changchun New District in optimizing the business environment.

Tang Jidong said: "in the past, we punished some minor violations of the enterprise, even if the punishment was not heavy, it often left a tainted record to the enterprise, which would adversely affect the development of the enterprise. In August 2018, the New District promulgated the regulations on the first violation of investment and investment projects and minor violations of enterprises. In accordance with the illegal activities committed by merchants in projects and enterprises in the course of construction or operation, they will be exempted from punishment if the administrative counterparts are not subjective intent and have no initial or minor consequences.

In recent years, the innovative implementation of credit regulation in the West Coast new area of Qingdao has achieved good results. Sui Bin said that the inspection results of the regulatory authorities on the local enterprises were all open to the public and credited to the credit records. Supervision is linked to enterprises' policy support, bank loans and open tendering and bidding. "In the future, the construction of credit system will play an important role in economic development, and credit regulation will also be promising." Sui Bin said.