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How To Optimize The Business Environment And Strengthen The Real Economy In 2020? Listen To The "Big Problems" That Textile People Care About.

2020/1/16 13:26:00 0

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Optimize Business Environment Real Economy

In 2020, the internal and external situation is complex and changeable, and both risks and opportunities exist at the same time. China's textile industry is at a critical stage of transformation of development mode, optimization of industrial structure and transformation of growth momentum, and industry development is closely related to the national macroeconomic situation. So, what should we look at the economic situation in 2020? Under such circumstances, how should the real economy be bigger and stronger through innovation? How will every place create a good business environment? These are the "big problems" that textile people care about.

Question 1

How does the macro economy look and act in 2020?

What should the economic situation look like in 2020? Recently sponsored by economic daily news. "2020 annual meeting of China's economic trends" The participants agreed that 2020 is the year of building a well-off society in an all-round way and ending the "13th Five-Year" plan. It is also the decisive year for poverty alleviation. China's potential growth rate at this stage is around 6%, which will be a strong support for future growth. In recent years, the optimization of economic structure has exceeded expectations, which has enhanced the stability of economic operation. The stable operation of the economy in 2020 is still a probability event. If the policy is implemented in a timely manner, the economic operation will be better than expected.

Pan Gongsheng, vice president of the people's Bank of China and director of the State Administration of foreign exchange Talk about, "China is one of the few major economies in the world that still implements monetary policy normalization. " We should continue to implement a prudent monetary policy and create a favorable monetary and financial environment for the promotion of high quality economic development. The people's Bank of China will adhere to the fundamental requirements of the financial services entity economy, take into account economic growth, inflation expectations, macro leverage and exchange rate stability, maintain flexibility and moderation, strengthen anti cyclical regulation, dredge the policy transmission mechanism, enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy, give full play to the guiding role of structural tools, increase the support for key areas and weak links, especially small and micro enterprises, private enterprises and manufacturing industries, and serve the high quality development of the economy.

Zhang Junkuo, deputy director of the development research center of the State Council and member of the Party group Express, The central economic work conference put the "unswerving implementation of the new development concept" as the first priority work this year. It has a strong practical direction and work orientation. We must conscientiously study and deeply understand the spirit of the Central Committee and conscientiously enhance our awareness of action. By unswervingly carrying out the new development concept and unswervingly advancing the structural reform of the supply side, we will strive to break through the institutional obstacles that restrict the full release of economic growth potential and the high quality development. This will not only lay a foundation for the sustained economic growth in the medium and long term, but also be an effective way for short-term steady growth.

"Carrying out the concept of new development and promoting the development of high quality involves not only the quality improvement of products, services, people's livelihood, infrastructure, and ecological environment, but also the transformation and cooperation of ideas, culture, institutions, policies and so on, which can be described as an intricate system engineering. Zhang Junkuo believes that we must conscientiously study the spirit of the Central Committee and deeply grasp its inherent requirements, and combine closely with the realities of all regions and areas, and take effective measures to achieve tangible results. At this stage, it is especially necessary to deal with the following important relations: First, we should deal with the relationship between "three new economies", such as developing new industries, new formats and new business models, and promoting transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. The two is to deal with the relationship between the quality improvement of manufacturing industry and the improvement of service quality. Three, we should deal with the relationship between improving quality and increasing efficiency and making up short board. Four, we must deal well with the relationship between economic and social development and environmental quality improvement. 。

Speaking of how to improve the institutional and policy environment conducive to the implementation of the new development concept and the promotion of high quality development, Zhang Jun said that the most important aspects at present are four aspects: First, we must further improve the fair competition and the survival of the fittest market environment, and fully stimulate the vitality of the main body of enterprises. Two, we must further improve the environment for promoting innovation, and fully stimulate the potential for innovation in all aspects of society. Three, we should fully mobilize the enthusiasm of cadres, especially local leaders, in implementing the new development concept. At the same time, efforts should be made to create a social environment conducive to the implementation of the new development concept and the promotion of high-quality development. On the one hand, through publicity, education and training, and the corresponding incentive mechanism construction, we should form an atmosphere of advocating skills and advocating practical work in the whole society, so as to improve the quality of workers in all walks of life. On the other hand, we should vigorously advocate the concept of consumption and the way of consumption that advocate green and advocate quality, and promote, guide and push the development of quality with the change of consumption concept and consumption mode.

Gao Peiyong, vice president and member of the Party group of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences "It is an important requirement for the central economic work conference to" put the main line of supply side structural reform in the whole process of macroeconomic regulation and control ". To analyze the trend of China's fiscal policy in 2020, we must combine the active fiscal policy with the supply side structural reform. come 。

"When it comes to fiscal policy, I think we are most concerned about reducing taxes and lowering fees", Gao pointed out. "Looking back on the practice of tax reduction and tax reduction in the past year, we find that its operational mechanism and action line are very different from before, and it is the most concentrated embodiment of the active fiscal policy running through the main line of supply side structural reform". Gao Peiyong believes that there are three differences in tax reduction since 2019. First, its main object is to refer specifically to enterprises, the main purpose is to reduce costs to enterprises, and emphasize the tilt towards the real economy. It has a clear direction of operation rather than a total reduction and reduction. Second, it involves the value added tax instead of the enterprise income tax, which is based on reducing the cost in the process of production and operation of enterprises, and meets the "cost reduction" requirement of supply side structural reform. Third, this round of tax reduction and reduction is not aimed at smoothing the short-term policy adjustment of the economic cycle, but based on solving the structural contradictions in the economic operation and achieving the long-term, healthy and stable development of the economy. In 2020 or even longer, we will adhere to this orientation and principles.

Speaking of what should be done on the positive fiscal policy in 2020, Gao Peiyong believes that in general, the overall macroeconomic policy arrangement in 2020 should be tilted to the structural reform of the supply side, especially the active fiscal policy arrangement should be tilted to the structural reform of the supply side. According to the requirements of the central economic work conference, four key words need to be grasped: First, energetically improve quality and increase efficiency. The so-called "improving quality and increasing efficiency" It refers to the promotion of "quality" and "efficiency". Combined with the requirements of the structural reform of supply side, both the growth of weight and the improvement of quality are taken from quantity and quality two. The key to this year's active fiscal policy is to make efforts in all aspects. Two, we should pay more attention to structural adjustment. At present, China is in the key stage of transforming development mode, optimizing economic structure and changing growth momentum. Structural, institutional and cyclical issues are intertwined. In order to alleviate these contradictions, active fiscal policy should not only expand effective demand through counter cyclical regulation, but also promote structural adjustment with greater efforts and more positive actions. Three, we must resolutely reduce general expenditure. Based on the bottom line thinking and risk awareness, we must optimize the adjustment of the fiscal expenditure structure, and resolutely reduce the general expenditure to reduce taxes and reduce fees and expand the investment spending space. We should focus on reducing the government's own expenditure to provide financial support for the implementation of the proactive fiscal policy. The four is to ensure the improvement of people's livelihood and the protection of key areas. Facing the downward pressure of the economic growth and the continuous decline of the fiscal revenue growth, the operation of the proactive fiscal policy needs to allocate funds reasonably, improve the efficiency of fund utilization, improve the livelihood of the people and expenditure in key areas, ensure the protection of key areas, and support the basic level of wages, transportation, and basic livelihood.

Question two

How to rely on innovation to make the real economy bigger and stronger?

At present, China's real economy has both opportunities and challenges. How to strengthen and strengthen the real economy is a test of the wisdom and ability of the government and enterprises. At the sub forum of "2020 China economic trend annual meeting", participants attended the theme of "innovation driven and strong real economy".

1., innovation as the first driving force.

Innovation is the first driving force for development and the strategic support for building a modern economic system. According to the survey results of the economic daily enterprise, from 2015 to 2018, despite the obvious financial constraints, most enterprises are still persisting in innovation input, and the total number of scientific research personnel and total research funds has increased significantly.

Over the past 40 years since the reform and opening up, China's manufacturing industry has been expanding continuously, and its development level has been steadily enhanced. Behind this can not be separated from the continuous strengthening of technological innovation. " Bi Jiyao, vice president of the Macroeconomic Research Institute of the national development and Reform Commission Say.

Since reform and opening up, the state has always attached importance to R & D investment. In 2018, a total of 1 trillion and 967 billion 790 million yuan was invested in research and development (R&D), an increase of 207 billion 180 million yuan over the previous year, an increase of 11.8%, and the total amount of investment ranked second in the world. The intensity of research and development (R&D) was 2.19%, the highest among OECD countries, 0.04 percentage points higher than the previous year. "With the continuous increase of scientific research investment, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to economic growth has steadily increased, reaching 58.5% in 2018 and more than 2/3 in 2020. " Bi Jiyao said.

However, there are many shortcomings in China's scientific and technological innovation. For example, there are still many deficiencies in basic research. There are many undesirable aspects of innovation ecology and research ecology.

"In the context of the increasing uncertainty and instability of the external environment, these short boards are exposed more clearly and more fully, which will also force us to strengthen our determination of independent innovation. " Bi Ji Yao suggested that for the real economy, we should make further use of global innovation resources, and also guide the market players to continuously increase R & D investment, and take innovation as the first driving force to promote industrial transformation and upgrading. At the same time, we must correctly handle the relationship between the market and the government. The government should exert its efforts in the field of applied basic research, highlight key common technology innovations, and also stimulate the enthusiasm of market participants in innovation through fiscal and tax incentives.

The innovation of enterprises is inseparable from the investment and financial support of real gold and silver. stay Huang Zhiling, chief economist of China Construction Bank It appears that Banks support the innovation of the real economy, not only the social responsibility, but also the inherent requirement of the bank's own operation and long-term development. 。

"The bank's support for the real economy innovation does not mean simply giving money. Financial support for real economic innovation can not simply be equated with credit support. " Huang Zhiling said that in the process of practice, we should give full play to the role of good banks as "innovative consultants" and provide support for scientific research and innovation by setting up an information exchange platform. At the same time, we should adapt to different risk characteristics, innovate financial services, and solve the financing needs of the real economy innovation. We should intensify the innovation of bank credit, break through the technical bottleneck of credit assessment, and enable banks to support the innovation of the real economy and return to the original credit.

2., build an innovative "ecological circle".

In recent years, China's digital economy has been developing vigorously. According to the relevant institutions, by the end of 2018, the scale of China's digital economy reached 31 trillion yuan, accounting for 1/3 of GDP. The development of digital economy will play an important role in China's economic development, social progress and improvement of people's living standards.

"The vigorous development of the digital economy will inject more new kinetic energy into the medium and long-term development of the economy. " Pan Helin, executive dean of Digital Economics Research Institute, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law With the development of digital economy, various industries will accelerate integration. For example, in the field of service, sharing bicycles and takeaway is the product of accelerated development of digital economy. In the industrial field, there have been many vivid practices of digitalization and intellectualization. The accelerated integration of industries has led to a substantial increase in labour productivity in the whole society.

Pan and Lin suggested that in the long run, to achieve innovation driven entity development, we must do top-level design and promote the integration and development of digital economy and real economy through institutional innovation. It is necessary to construct the ecological circle of digital economy and real economy. We should speed up breaking the islands of numbers and information and build digital "freeways" to make the digital economy and digital industry better on the "highway".

In the era of digital economy, data are of great value. "If we simply do data storage, we need to be stable, safe and reliable. However, if we want to release the value of the data to a greater extent, we must deepen the development of the industry. Zhou Chaonan, chairman of run Technology Development Co., Ltd. say In the era of digital economy, the boundaries of many industries have become more blurred, and the convergence development of different industries has become a trend. For example, in the past, bicycles were bicycles, but after the grafting of digital technology, shared bicycles were formed, forming a new huge market.

Relying on big data ecological platform, various industries have the opportunity to integrate, the key is to use the digital platform, build intensive sharing platform, and form an innovative "ecological circle". "Zhou Chaonan said that in order to make data play a role in the development of integration, the key is to enhance the application ability of big data.

"In the past, there was more competition between different clothing brands. However, the innovation ecosystem we want to create is to transform from management competition to management cooperation. " Wen Wei, senior vice president of Yiwen group It is said that in the upstream and downstream of the garment industry, there are many high quality production capacity. How to make these capacity better serve consumers is exactly the problem that the industry's innovation and development need to solve. In recent years, by integrating resources and constructing innovative platform, Yiwen group has realized the flexible supply of collective orders, collective design and collective production.

Question three

Optimizing business environment should find ways in "new"

In recent years, the Chinese government has made great progress in improving the business environment with the courage to reform itself and innovate. At the "2020 China economic trend annual meeting" held by the economic daily news, the participants discussed the theme of "optimizing the business environment and achieving high quality development", and "new" became a high frequency word.

1. change new concepts

With the upgrading of China's economic shift, the requirements for business environment also have new characteristics, and it is necessary to change ideas in the process of optimizing the business environment.

Xu Heping, inspector of the general office of the Ministry of science and technology and former director of the Research Office Believe that Innovation has replaced all kinds of traditional industrial elements and become the core issue of modern economy, so the innovation environment is also the most critical part of the current business environment. In the future, the optimization of business environment should not only pursue convenience, openness and efficiency, but also focus on industrial innovation.

"For example, the development environment of advanced manufacturing industry and bio pharmaceutical industry needs to be very different. Therefore, we need to build a professional technological innovation service system, which has become a very important issue in the process of optimizing the business environment. Xu Ping said.

Ni Pengfei, director of the center for urban and competitiveness research, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Also believe that To optimize business environment, we should pay attention to improving industrial policies and promoting enterprises to enhance their innovative capabilities. At the same time, all localities should also attach importance to improving the level of public services and attracting high-end talents.

"The original idea of attracting investment everywhere is to attract enterprises first, then increase taxes and then carry out urban construction. Now that the logic has changed, we need to improve the living environment of the residents first and raise the level of public services, so as to attract high-end talents, increase local innovation and entrepreneurship, and then lead to economic development. Ni Pengfei said.

Among the 15 sub provincial cities in the country, Qingdao is the first city to set up the "private economic development bureau". In fact, the Qingdao West Coast new area is 8 months ahead of Qingdao's establishment. This reflects the changes in the Qingdao West Coast New Area's important ideas in optimizing the business environment of private enterprises.

Sui Bin, deputy head of Qingdao West Coast New Area Said: " In contrast to the southern region, we need to make efforts to develop private economy. The purpose of setting up the private economic development bureau is to hope that the private enterprises can also have their own "endorsement agencies" in the new district government, so that they can have a word to know which department to say and have a sense of belonging. "

2. application of new technology

In recent years, innovation technology has brought more possibilities to local governments in optimizing their business environment.

Wang Zhongxian, deputy secretary of the Lanzhou New District Party committee Express, Through the "Internet + government" and big data platform, Lanzhou new district implements "one window run, one network operation, simplified operation and immediate operation", and the formalities of enterprise processing can be handled online by one hundred percent. 。

Similar scenes also took place in Tianjin Binhai New Area. Ma Bo, member of the Standing Committee and propaganda minister of Tianjin Binhai New Area Introduction: " The Binhai New Area of Tianjin has implemented the whole process of electronic registration of enterprises, and the cancellation of the establishment of domestic limited companies has been implemented online and issued an electronic business license. In the whole country, it pioneered the whole process automation management certificate making center, independently developed the certificate making system, achieved double blind approval of applicants and examiner's non meeting. Centralized management of business license and template, printing, seal and distribution of 105 types of professional license, greatly improving the efficiency of certification. In the wisdom of government services, the introduction of the coastal mobile uplink mobile client, open 1095 service items, of which 429 things and Tianjin City Netcom to achieve technical docking, 8 high frequency matters in the region to achieve closed loop management. "

In order to solve the problem of blocking points in the use of taxpayer invoices, in June 2018, the Inland Revenue Department of Whampoa District of Guangzhou (Guangzhou Development Zone) launched the "tax chain" platform, the first national block chain electronic invoice system, and used block chain technology to provide taxpayers with services such as automatic invoice filing, invoicing, quick invoice delivery, automatic invoice collection, and so on, and opened up the whole process of "payment - reimbursement - entry", achieving "second order" and "minute class reimbursement".

Liu Shi, deputy district head of Whampoa District, Guangzhou Said: " After issuing the electronic invoice of block chain, the invoice is automatically checked and no manual operation is needed. The enterprise can complete the whole process business of the electronic invoice of the block chain without leaving the home, and also solves the data island problem of different electronic invoice platform. After the invoice information is on the upper chain, the enterprise can query the invoice received by the enterprise through the tax chain platform, and solves the problem that the enterprise invoice collection is difficult. "

3. expand new ideas.

In the process of optimizing the business environment, many local governments have improved their ability to develop their service enterprises through innovative ideas.

In November 22, 2019, the 34 major industrial projects in Changchun new district were signed and signed, amounting to 121 billion 760 million yuan. Tang Jidong, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee of Changchun New District and Secretary of discipline and work committee It is said that this achievement can not be separated from the innovative ideas of Changchun New District in optimizing the business environment, such as the "first violation and no punishment" policy launched by the local government, which is widely praised by enterprises.

Tang Jidong said: "In the past, we punished some minor irregularities in enterprises. Even if the penalties were not heavy, they often left a tainted record to the enterprises, which would adversely affect the development of enterprises. In August 2018, the new district was introduced. "Regulations on the first violation of investment and capital offenses" 。 In accordance with the illegal activities committed by merchants and enterprises in the course of construction or operation, they will be exempted from punishment if the administrative counterpart is not subjective intent, and the first time, minor circumstances do not cause any harmful consequences, and the educational norms can be corrected in time. "

In recent years, the innovative implementation of credit regulation in the West Coast new area of Qingdao has achieved good results. Sui Bin said, The inspection results of the regulatory authorities are publicly disclosed to the local authorities, and credited to the credit records. Supervision is linked to the enterprises' policy support, bank loans, open tendering and bidding, etc., and the post supervision system with the core of credit supervision as the core is established to enhance the effectiveness of supervision. "In the future, the construction of credit system will play an important role in economic development, and credit regulation will also be promising. Sui Bin said.