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Australian Cotton Output Hit Record Low For 40 Years
Due to persistent drought in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia's 2019/20 cotton production recorded its lowest level in 40 years.
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The Porter family in Queensland's darling darling plateau is one of the lucky winners this year to harvest crops.
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Grant Porter, 34, said, "I remember clearly when we planted the land, just like raising seedlings in the desert."
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He helped run a farm on the fertile Cecil plain 200 kilometers west of Brisbane.
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Since 2014, the area has been in a state of drought, and the output of many nearby farms is less than half that of the good season.
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But now they are picking more cotton than they did in previous years.
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Porter said, "despite the bad start, it turned out to be a good result."
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Tyson Armitage, 26, was forced to plow some crops because the harsh summer began. "This is probably the hardest crop start of our history," he said. "Our underground soil is almost zero."
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Australia's billions of dollars worth of cotton production always fluctuates with the supply of irrigation water.
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This year's harvest is only 12% of two years ago, which is one of the worst harvest years.
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Australian Cotton Corp manager Michael Murray said, "we will harvest less than 600 thousand bales of cotton this year, which will be the smallest harvest in 40 years."
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Toowoomba agronomist Matthew Holding says farmers are not only paying close attention to the weather.
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It says, "there are carpenters and accountants in the city. Many people ask me what has happened on this land." "Many people still feel financially constrained - they do not feel as fast as farmers, but eventually they will fall on them."
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In January and February this year, the sky of the darling high land finally began to rain, and the rainfall reached hundreds of millimeters.
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It is not enough to break the drought, but it fills up the catchment area and causes the water to flow back to the kangdmina River catchment, which is part of the Murray Darin basin.
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Holding said, "any decent rainfall here means hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue in the region."
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For the Armitage family, the rain came at the right time. Although it was hard to start, they were picking one of the best crops.
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Armitage said: "we hope that the average yield of the farm may reach its highest level ever."
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Armitage and Porter cotton can harvest more than two packs of cotton per Mega liter of water (including rainfall and actual water) on average.
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Picking cotton once needed a large crowd. Now cotton pickers have packed cotton so that the picking is done by only one or two people.
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Cotton used to be a crop that needed a lot of water and pesticides, but the porters and Armitage only irrigated and sprayed two times.
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Since the 90s of last century, the cotton industry has been striving to improve efficiency. According to industry data, Australia now uses 48% less water for cotton, 97% for pesticides and 34% for land.
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Holding said, "this involves a lot of science and engineering, and this is the innovation needed to overcome drought."
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Holding says most of its customers are young people who have three levels of aptitude and business savvy and return to family farms.
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It says, "I think 80% to 90% of the farmers I work for bring the new generation of peasants back to the land."
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These young growers will shoulder the challenge of making the industry sustainable and efficient.
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Cotton has been sold this year, but the industry predicts that the cotton output will probably quadruple next year after the 40 year low.
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