Give Full Play To The Advantages Of Hemp Textile Industry And Create The Growth Pole Of Characteristic Industry

Xian'an district is known as "the hometown of ramie". Ramie textile industry is not only our traditional industry, but also the pillar industry at present, and the sunrise industry in the future. In order to thoroughly implement the major decision and deployment of the municipal Party Committee on carrying out the "six major" activities, give full play to the advantages of the ramie textile industry and create a growth pole of characteristic industries, from May 18 to 30, the research team led by me went into Xian'an economic development zone and five towns for six times. At present, six enterprises including Jingjing textile group were inspected, and five ramie species, including Longkou village, Maqiao Town, were visited The planting base had one-to-one and face-to-face communication with 6 entrepreneurs, 8 agricultural technicians, 12 large growers and 26 Individual hemp farmers. During this period, a research team led by the Jingma Bureau of Yizhu city and Zhujiang city of Hunan Province took the lead to investigate the situation of ramie production in rural areas of Yizhu City, Hunan Province. Through in-depth investigation and investigation, the development of Xianan hemp textile industry has been traced back to the source, this life has been dialectically analyzed, and the future has been systematically planned.

The past and present life of hemp textile industry development in Xian'an District

1. Xian'an district belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate, with an average annual temperature of 17.6 ℃, annual rainfall of 1531 mm and annual sunshine of 1880 h, which is very suitable for ramie planting. As early as the fourth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, ramie cultivation was recorded in the territory except for a few mountainous areas in the East and the West. In the 25th year of the Republic of China, it was listed as one of the four ramie counties in Hubei Province. After the reform and opening up, the state implemented the policy of "invigorating the domestic economy and opening up to the outside world", and implemented the household contract responsibility system with joint output. In the heyday of 1986, the planting area was 45000 mu, and the price of dried hemp per 100 catties was 600-900 yuan, reaching the historical peak. After 1986, the United States imposed restrictions on the import of textiles, which seriously impacted the development of the hemp textile industry. In addition, the policy of returning hemp forest and planting oil trees to the lowest level in China was implemented in 2017, when the policy of returning farmland to flax and planting oil trees was still at the lowest point in history. In the past two years, the District Committee has implemented the policy of "covering an area of 4000 mu" instead of "the District Committee" in 2019.

2. Industry development. At present, there are 16 hemp textile enterprises in the region, and 4 provincial and municipal leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization. Among them, Jingjing Textile Group is the leader of the leading group and the backbone of the backbone. It has been successively rated as a national high-tech enterprise and one of the top ten competitive enterprises in the hemp textile industry from 2018 to 2019. With the joint efforts of hemp textile enterprises led by Jingjing company, the total output value of ramie textile industry above Designated Size will reach 3.38 billion yuan in 2019, accounting for 8.9% of the total industrial output value above Designated Size; 25000 long-term ramie spindles, accounting for 15% of the country's total; 150000 short-term spindles, accounting for 15% of the country's total; The annual output of ramie yarn and ramie cotton blended yarn is more than 60000 tons, accounting for 1 / 3 of the whole country. It has been listed as "key growth industrial clusters in Hubei Province" and "top 100 competitiveness of China's County Industrial Clusters".

3. Market demand. In China, the market demand of ramie textile products is about 100 billion yuan. At present, ramie textile enterprises in our region mainly produce ramie yarn and a small amount of grey cloth, which are in the middle and low end of the industrial chain, and the added value of products is not high. The total output value of linen yarn will increase by 3.25 billion yuan in 2019; If all fabrics are processed into home textiles, clothing and other medium and high-end textiles, the output value will increase at least five times, reaching more than 30 billion yuan, but it can only account for 1 / 3 of the current domestic market. There is still a great potential to tap and a large market to expand. In foreign countries, the demand of ramie fiber fabric increases by 15% - 20% every year, while the scale and export of ramie textile products in China has been ranked first in the world, accounting for more than 60%. The market demand is large and facing rare opportunities.

Problems and causes of hemp textile industry development in Xian'an District

1. The enthusiasm of the masses is not high, and the local raw hemp supply is insufficient. Based on the 350 Jin dry hemp yield of 1 mu of hemp field in three seasons a year and the existing area of 4000 mu, 700 tons of dry hemp can be produced in the whole year. At present, the dry hemp demand of Jingjing company is 80-10000 tons. The local dry hemp can only meet 7% - 8.7% of its demand, and more than 90% needs to be purchased from Hunan, Sichuan and other places. The reasons are: on the one hand, the benefits of hemp planting have not reached the psychological expectations of the masses. According to the growth characteristics of ramie three crops a year, the average yield of 350 kg dry ramie per mu is calculated. For example, if the individual farmers use their own land, plant and manage by themselves, if they harvest and strip by hand, they need about 33 workers. According to the market price of 12 yuan / kg of manual ramie in recent years, the cost of fertilizer 200 yuan is removed, and the income of 1 mu of hemp field is 4000 yuan, which seems to be higher, but the income is both high It is hard money, and the rural young and middle-aged labor force in our district basically goes out to work. Most of them are over 60 or 70 years old at home. Due to the long time span of planting hemp and the high labor intensity, their energy and physical strength can not keep up with each other; Even if a small number of people who are at home and have the ability to work at home, most of them can work nearby and on the spot. Every day they work, they can earn one or two hundred yuan, and one month's temporary work can exceed the income of three seasons of hemp. If manual harvesting and mechanical stripping are adopted, one mu of hemp needs to hire 12 workers a year. According to the market price of 8 yuan / kg of mechanized hemp in recent years, the average fertilizer per mu is 200 yuan, and the cost of each worker is 150 yuan. The income of 1 mu of hemp land is 800 yuan. If it is a professional cooperative or large-scale planting, the land rent should be removed, so the benefit of planting hemp is not high. On the other hand, cash collection increases the turnover pressure of enterprise funds. When enterprises purchase raw hemp from individual retail investors, large-scale growers and professional cooperatives, they need to "pay money at one hand and deliver them at the same time". If we only calculate the annual output of 700 tons of dry hemp at 8 yuan per kilogram, the enterprises need to pay 11.2 million yuan for purchasing hemp at one time; If the annual dry hemp demand of Jingjing company is calculated as 80-10000 tons, it needs to prepare 128-160 million yuan for cash payment, which increases the capital turnover pressure, leads to the lack of local hemp collection power of enterprises, and frustrates the enthusiasm of the masses to plant hemp.

The development of high-end hemp products is not complete. The vast majority of Ramie processing enterprises in our district mainly focus on the primary processing of raw ramie and the production of medium and low-grade ramie cotton yarn and linen grey cloth. In the industrial chain of "raw hemp yarn, hemp cloth and other primary ramie textile products - home textile, clothing and other high-end hemp textile products", the enterprises in our district just gnaw the bone, and the fat and meat are eaten by the domestic and foreign intensive processing enterprises. The reasons are as follows: on the one hand, some enterprises do not have strong sense of innovation. The hemp textile enterprises in our district are all "white handed" or have come from the restructuring of township enterprises. After years of hard work, they have developed and expanded their enterprises. Some entrepreneurs have more or less developed the idea of seeking stability. They have the inertia thinking and wait-and-see thought of "taking a step and seeing a step" whether they are going to new production lines of medium and high-end products such as printing and dyeing, fabrics, home textiles and clothing. At the same time, the vast majority of hemp textile enterprises in the region can use land, plant, equipment, etc. have been mortgaged to financial institutions, unable to take more funds for product research and development, technological innovation and investment in new production line projects such as home textiles and clothing. On the other hand, the government's incentive and guiding role is not enough. The lack of scientific planning and top-level design, insufficient policy support and guidance in planting, processing, research and development, insufficient efforts in project planning, and no substantial steps have been made in the introduction of high-grade fabric, home textile, clothing and other deep-processing enterprises.

3. The cooperation between enterprises in the industry is not close and the ability to resist risks is not strong. In the planting, processing and sales links, there are problems such as the lack of awareness of group development and the ability to deal with risks. The reasons are: on the one hand, there is no interest linkage mechanism. There is a lack of effective communication in resource utilization, industrial layout, product production, information sharing, market development, etc., and there is no interest linkage mechanism of "company + cooperative + base + farmer" at both ends of supply and demand and "clear division of labor, dislocation development, orderly connection and complementary advantages" between enterprises. On the other hand, there is no risk prevention mechanism. From the perspective of market distribution of hemp textile products, 90% of them were abroad before 2014, 80% from 2015 to 2018, and 50% from 2019 to now. Once the international economic environment is unstable, it is easy to be controlled by others. Especially this year, affected by the global epidemic situation, Chengjin textile and Maqiao textile are in the state of production and semi suspension. The flax inventory of Jingya company is 1800 tons, and Tiancheng hemp industry and Tianyuan textile and other enterprises cancel orders of 45.6 million yuan, which shows that the hemp textile enterprises in our district lack effective risk prevention mechanism and are not prepared to deal with market risks.

Thinking and Countermeasures on the future development of hemp textile industry in Xian'an District

Focusing on the "three major areas of Ramie processing base" and "deep planting and marketing" of ramie in 2025, the government will make great efforts to solve the "three major problems" of Ramie processing base in China and in 2025 With an area of 30000 mu, there are more than 50 large-scale ramie textile enterprises, with an annual total output value of 10 billion yuan. It has the ability to spin 50000 long spindles, 300000 short spindles and 100000 tons of ramie yarn and ramie cotton blended yarn. The weaving, printing and dyeing industries have basically formed a scale, and major breakthroughs have been made in home textile and clothing industries; By 2030, the planting area of ramie will reach 60000 mu, the number of Ramie Textile Enterprises above the designated scale will reach more than 100, and the annual total output value will reach 20 billion yuan, forming a whole industrial chain from "planting, degumming, loosening, spinning, weaving, printing and dyeing, garment making, sales, exhibition and scientific research", and strive to be the setter of industry standards and the wind vane of leading the trend.

1. To solve the problem of ramie planting. First, efforts should be made to solve the problem of insufficient policy guidance. Each year, at least 4 million yuan is allocated for the construction of high standard ramie base. The first year, the second year and the third year of ramie planting base are subsidized by 400 yuan / mu, 200 yuan / mu and 100 yuan / mu, respectively. New varieties such as Zhongzhu No.1, Huazhu No.4 and Xiangzhu No.3 are provided to the farmers free of charge, and new techniques such as fine cutting of seed roots and cutting of tender shoots are taught to the farmers, so as to reduce the production of seed ramie It can improve the yield and quality per mu. A subsidy of 50% of the purchase price will be given to the ramie peeling and threshing machine, and one beater will be given to every 20 mu of planting area to mobilize the enthusiasm of professional cooperatives, large growers and individual farmers in planting ramie. Second, we should not focus on solving the problem of high efficiency. Not only continue to support the farmers with labor ability to grow ramie, but also focus on supporting large-scale farmers and professional cooperatives to build high-standard ramie planting bases, and change from sporadic and fragmented to centralized, continuous and large-scale planting. We should guide and encourage the hemp textile enterprises such as Jingjing company to set up professional cooperatives, build their own high standard ramie planting bases, establish a market operation mechanism of "company control + cooperative responsibility + base section length coordination + peasant workers", and build a community of interests. Third, we should strive to solve the problem of high labor intensity. In view of the fact that the most time-consuming and laborious link of ramie planting is stripping, it is necessary to accelerate the transformation from manual stripping to mechanical stripping. To provide professional services for farmers and towns. We should give full play to the main role of backbone leading hemp textile enterprises, encourage enterprises to introduce and purchase stripping machines through "replacing subsidies with awards", guide enterprises to organize company staff to help peeling and beating in Ramie harvest season, and strive to solve the problems of insufficient labor force of young and middle-aged people in rural areas and high labor intensity of peeling ramie. Fourth, we should strive to solve the problem of unstable hemp prices in the market. To help enterprises purchase local ramie, help to implement loans, give guarantees and discount interest, guide enterprises to sign minimum purchase price agreements with professional cooperatives, large growers and hemp farmers, reduce the intermediate links of acquisition, and improve the purchase service system. According to the changes of market conditions, the high level will follow the market, while the low level will guarantee the minimum purchase, so as to ensure the stable income of hemp farmers.

2. Focus on solving the problem of deep processing. First, efforts should be made to close the industrial chain. We will consolidate and expand the advantages of ramie, flax, blended yarn and other ramie yarn industries, support and promote the construction of Tiancheng hemp industry with an annual output of 10000 tons of natural functional textile materials, essence textile of 40000 spindles of high count ramie cotton blended yarn automatic production line, and strive to "double" the production capacity of ramie yarn products; To promote the development of new ramie yarn series, such as the development of new ramie yarn series, and promote the development of new products such as 60 Count Yarn Series and blended yarn in the production area. We will accelerate the completion of printing and dyeing, home textile, clothing and other industrial chains, support and promote the printing and dyeing plant project of 36 million meters of various hemp fabrics of Jingjing company in the new year, and strive to start construction this year and complete and put into operation next year. We will make greater efforts to promote the investment promotion of the industrial chain, and strive to introduce a number of well-known domestic and foreign textile, clothing and other deep-processing enterprises. Second, efforts should be made to improve the innovation chain. Firmly grasp the two ends of the "smile curve" of technological innovation and brand creation to stimulate innovation vitality and increase development momentum. In terms of technology research and development, it supports and promotes Jingjing company to jointly build a public service platform for industrial innovation with colleges and universities and scientific research institutes, and carries out technical consultation and technical services for hemp textile enterprises in the whole region, so as to continuously improve the core competitiveness of enterprises. In the aspect of brand creation, it supports and promotes the construction of brand creation center for ramie textile enterprises in the region, jointly applies for registration of special mark of Xianan ramie "products of original region", and jointly implements the project of independent brand creation. Establish the hemp textile industry association, and build the interest linkage mechanism and risk prevention mechanism. Third, efforts should be made to open up the capital chain. Set up a special development fund for bast textile industry, arrange at least 10 million yuan per year to support the technological transformation of hemp textile enterprises, and reward the hemp textile enterprises to improve emission reduction measures according to 10% - 20% of the actual investment. We will fully implement all kinds of policies to assist and benefit enterprises, and coordinate and solve the difficulties faced by enterprises in terms of projects, bank loans, extension, extension, etc. Support and encourage hemp textile enterprises to go public and raise development funds through multiple channels. Fourth, efforts should be made to improve the value chain. We should strive for the support of higher authorities, choose to carry out the pilot project of ramie comprehensive utilization in our district, and combine it with rural revitalization, land greening and tourism development, so as to bring the comprehensive benefits of hemp leaf, bast, bone and root into full play. At the same time, we should speed up the introduction of a number of service enterprises such as clothing design, brand packaging, product testing, marketing and so on, so as to promote the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

3. Focus on solving marketing problems. On the one hand, give full play to the leading role of the government. To actively support the "one belt and one belt agricultural fair" and "Xianan city group" to participate in the "Yangtze River Trade Fair" and actively support the "one belt and one belt" agricultural fair and other enterprises. Support and encourage enterprises to set up offices at home and abroad, and provide policy support for enterprises in marketing, exhibition, overseas cooperation, system certification, etc. Fully support enterprises to "bring in", regularly or irregularly organize activities such as hemp Expo, hemp textile industry promotion meeting and hemp textile fashion show, so as to continuously enhance the comprehensive influence of Xianan hemp textile industry. On the other hand, give full play to the main role of enterprises. We should guide enterprises to establish and improve the modern enterprise system, improve the corporate governance structure, increase the training and introduction of talents in technology, management and marketing, and strive to create a group of high-quality, compound talents. Guide enterprises to adjust and optimize the product structure, accelerate the construction of e-commerce, physical stores and other marketing platforms, increase cooperation with international brand companies such as IKEA, UNIQLO and MUJI products, set up regional marketing center, product exhibition center and goods distribution center, open up online and offline "two channels", seize domestic and foreign "two markets", and promote hemp textile products in our region Travel all over the country, to the world, so that the ancient "Chinese grass" in the land of Xian'an glow new vitality, create a new broad world.

Author: Li Wenbo (secretary of Xianan District Committee of the Communist Party of China)