Beidou-3 Satellite Navigation System Fully Opened

2020 is a historic year for the whole industry chain of Beidou satellite navigation system.

On June 23, 2020, with the successful launch of the last geostationary orbit satellite (GEO), the beidou-3 global navigation satellite system completed the global networking. On July 31, the beidou-3 global navigation satellite system was officially opened.

Since then, the satellite navigation system, which represents China's scientific research strength, has started to provide services to the world. China has officially become the third country in the world to independently own the global satellite navigation system, and thus fully autonomously controls the space-time information security in its own hands.

After becoming a member of the core supplier of global satellite navigation system, the next more important thing is to implement technology in all walks of life. According to the "2020 white paper on the development of China's satellite navigation and location service industry" (hereinafter referred to as the "white paper"), the total output value of China's satellite navigation and location-based services industry in 2020 will reach 400 billion yuan, and it will grow steadily. In 2019, the total output value will be 345 billion yuan, an increase of 14.39% compared with the previous year.

Recently, Liao Dinghai, chairman of China Haida, said in an exclusive interview with 21st century economic reporter, "next, the upstream and downstream of relevant industries and application scenarios will be promoted rapidly. The most important thing is how to apply the industrial demand well. Those who can use it well will get more profits. "

According to Yang Changfeng, chief designer of Beidou satellite navigation system project, "Beidou application is only limited by human imagination". This also means that in the future, as long as the scenarios related to positioning, time information and communication capability are likely to have application requirements for Beidou system, which will be a huge market imagination space.

The beidou-3 global satellite navigation system was officially opened. IC photo

26 years of independent iteration into the global mainstream

From 1994 when China launched the construction of Beidou-1 satellite navigation system to July 2020, China officially launched the beidou-3 satellite navigation system, which can provide services to the world. In the past 26 years, through the "three-step" development strategy, China's satellite navigation system has become a product with comprehensive self-reliance ability, which can provide services for all mankind.

At the world 5g conference held in November 2020, Yang Changfeng said in his speech that since the official opening of beidou-3, the system has been running smoothly. After assessment, the positioning accuracy of Beidou system is better than 10 meters, the speed measurement accuracy is better than 0.2 meters / second, and the time service accuracy is better than 20 nanoseconds.

At the same time, he pointed out that the localization rate of Beidou No.3 core components has reached 100%, Beidou has formed a complete industrial chain, and its basic products have achieved independent control, and its performance indicators are comparable to those of international mainstream products. Now, the sales volume of domestic Beidou navigation chip module has exceeded 100 million.

From the perspective of development context, although beidou-3 system started a little later, it has been able to keep pace with other satellite navigation systems.

Based on different development routes, beidou-3 also has more abundant capabilities to be tapped.

Due to the unique "geo + IGSO + MEO" hybrid constellation structure, China can have better performance in positioning accuracy and other aspects.

Liao Dinghai analyzed to reporters that other major global satellite navigation systems adopt the strategy of dynamic satellites. The core purpose is to ensure that there are more than three satellites in each place, so that the minimum number of satellites can operate.

The principle behind the combination of geostationary orbit satellites and non geostationary orbit satellites adopted by Beidou system is that the more scattered the satellites are, the larger the volume of the space cube composed of satellites will be, and the positioning accuracy of users will be higher. "The combination of the three types of satellites will perform better than relying solely on a certain type of satellite, that is, the geometric distribution factor is better." He pointed out.

What's more important is the full autonomy of the core components, including chips, modules, high-precision boards, antennas and other major links.

"Compared with beidou-2, the biggest problem that beidou-3 system solves in terms of underlying technology is the accuracy of the whole satellite frame, including solving these challenges from core devices such as atomic clocks." Liao Dinghai told reporters that in terms of the underlying capabilities, zhonghaida has launched relevant RF chips. With the formal determination of the signal modulation mode of beidou-3 system, it is expected that in 2021, baseband chips with the company's independent capability will also be on the market.

"For China Haida, extending to the upstream is to meet the requirements of self-control and ensure the scalability of future development, on the other hand, it is also to reduce the application landing cost." He added.

In this context, the technology application of Beidou system to serve the whole world is also in full swing.

Opening up the 100 billion industrialization market

According to the "white paper" statistics, Beidou system has produced significant economic and social benefits in the fields of transportation, public safety, weather forecast, disaster relief and disaster reduction. It is estimated that by 2025, the output value of China's Beidou satellite navigation system is expected to reach 644 billion yuan, and the output value ratio of Beidou is expected to rise significantly.

Among them, the field with larger contribution to output value belongs to the field of transportation. According to the comprehensive statistics of CITIC Securities, from 2019 to 2029, GNSS (global satellite navigation system) will account for 55% of the total revenue in the field of highway, and the revenue of consumer solutions will account for about 38.3%. In other markets, geographic mapping will account for an important revenue contribution.

Liao Dinghai analyzed to reporters, "the biggest direction of Beidou system landing in the future is emerging informatization." He added that this mainly includes intelligent applications such as autonomous driving, intelligent robots and the Internet of things. In particular, it will focus on the demand for high precision, such as automatic driving, which requires centimeter level positioning accuracy. "The application of Beidou navigation in the field of autopilot is not only a problem of obtaining position information, but also requires complex technical support, including the integration of ground-based augmentation system and interstellar augmentation system."

It is reported that previously, China Haida has cooperated with some automobile enterprises in high-precision map and high-precision location equipment, and is cooperating with SAIC to build a high-precision map operator.

"The high-precision data in China have been collected. In the future, these data are planned to be open to all car factories, because I expect that L3 level automatic driving will be popularized rapidly in 2022. " Liao Dinghai pointed out.

Due to the unique global position reporting and short message communication capabilities of Beidou system, more emerging application space can be developed. Since 2020, the Ministry of natural resources has been promoting the application of the system in the field of universal disaster monitoring.

"At present, a disaster monitoring network is being built across the country, and more than 20000 stations are planned to be built in the short term." Liao Dinghai told reporters that this is also the direction that China Haida is striving to develop.

According to reports, unlike emergency disaster monitoring, which mainly focuses on a certain range of geological disaster bodies such as landslides, debris flows and collapses, the universal geological disaster monitoring equipment can quickly arrange and monitor sudden major disasters and dangers, with appropriate precision, low cost and strong popularization applicability, which is sufficient to cope with the wide distribution range of landslides and collapses and the recovery of disaster mechanism Various problems.

Compared with Beidou-1, the short message communication capacity of beidou-3 system has been increased by nearly 20 times. Liao Dinghai pointed out to reporters that the transmission capacity and speed have been greatly improved, which means that chat mode similar to wechat voice can be achieved.

Therefore, the Beidou system will have rigid requirements in the application of emergency communication and ocean scene after the ground communication is destroyed.

What's more, with the nationwide promotion of universal disaster monitoring and the deepening of self-reliance ability of chips and other bottom-level technologies, the cost of related applications is rapidly falling, which will bring greater impetus to further technology popularization.

The future of "Beidou +"

With 5g gradually promoting large-scale commercial process in China, Beidou + 5g will undoubtedly further benefit all walks of life in the future.

During the world 5g conference, Yang Changfeng once said that Beidou + 5g could be expected in the future. "Satellite navigation and mobile communication have the basis of natural integration." He explained that this is because satellite navigation can support the safe and efficient operation of mobile communication network. On the contrary, mobile communication can enhance the service ability of satellite navigation.

"Beidou + 5g integration innovation will break through the limitations of single system application." Yang Changfeng believes that through the mutual enhancement and mutual empowerment of Beidou + 5g two new infrastructure construction facilities, the ubiquitous, seamless, high-precision, and highly reliable pnt (positioning, navigation and timing capability) service capability can be formed, which will help the development of high-tech industries such as automatic driving and intelligent transportation. "I believe that in the future, where we can communicate, we will be able to navigate, and if we can, we will be able to communicate. This vision will become a reality."

In addition to the in-depth exploration of the application of Beidou in many fields in China, in fact, in the international market, especially in the countries along the belt and road, Beidou system has opened its support services early. According to statistics, domestic Beidou products have been exported to more than 120 countries and regions.

"The compatibility of the four systems will be the mainstream trend of future industrial development." Liao Dinghai told reporters, therefore, the application of Beidou system will inevitably go global in the future. "With the joint support of all satellite navigation providers, although it may not be felt that Beidou is playing a role, interoperability, interoperability and compatibility are the general trend. In addition to developing industries at home and bringing equipment, equipment and applications abroad, it will also drive the development of the whole Beidou system industrial chain. "

He further analyzed to the reporter that under the development context of full autonomy, the domestic Beidou system will have sufficient technical capability and cost-effective advantages to enter the international market. In this way, Beidou industrial chain enterprises representing China's strength are expected to occupy a large proportion of GNSS application fields in the international market in the future.

"China Haida's current sea going mainly includes two aspects: equipment export and help to build base stations." He said that, especially under the influence of the global new crown pneumonia epidemic in 2020, overseas countries have a strong demand for relevant equipment, and this business has been growing at a high speed in recent years. By helping to build base stations, overseas countries can better feel the application of ground disaster monitoring and other fields in the future. "At present, our business is developing rapidly in the Asia Pacific region, and the market capacity in South Korea and Russia is relatively large."

Next, the evolution of the new generation Beidou system is still continuing. For the four major global satellite navigation systems, 2035 will be the next important node.

According to Yang Changfeng's previous introduction, the design life of a Beidou navigation satellite is 10-12 years. From the experience of beidou-2, the satellite can serve 12-14 years. After that, it will enter the "Tomb orbit", and then it will need to be replaced.

According to the definition at the national level, by 2035, China will build a more ubiquitous, more integrated and more intelligent national integrated positioning and navigation time service system, which will provide core support for the future intelligent and unmanned development, and build a space-time information service infrastructure covering the sky, earth and sea, unified benchmark, high precision, high intelligence, high security and high efficiency.

At that time, the market space opened by Beidou system and the core industrial links representing the country's bottom technological strength will undoubtedly usher in a new stage and broader development opportunities.

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