"Black And Black" Is The Secret Of Garment Factories In The Yangtze River Delta

In China "

A colleague is a foreigner.

"I didn't expect to work with a group of foreigners." Xiao Li, an employee of a textile mill in Zhuji, talked about the "black job" incident that happened in the factory some time ago. She said she was 23 years old. "It's the first time I heard of foreigners working in China."

Xiao Li has been working in rural Jiangxi for two years.

The "foreigners" in their eyes are a group of Vietnamese workers. "Most of them do not understand Chinese, nor speak Chinese or English. They only play simple gestures".

The group of Vietnamese workers who only played simple gestures, a total of 28, seldom communicated with outsiders. The textile mill has nearly 400 employees, who live in their own tribes and receive a monthly salary of more than 1000 yuan.

In this group of "foreigners", Wei Wentong is the only one who can speak Chinese.

Wei Wentong is 21 years old. 1 years ago, he passed through his friends illegally from China to Vietnam, and worked in private enterprises in Guangxi and Guangdong.

In early May of this year, Wei Wentong returned to his hometown in Vietnam. At the end of the month, he went to work in the textile mill in Zhuji with his fellow countrymen.

Recently, the regulation carried out by relevant departments in Zhuji "

Risk comes from danger.

Speaking of desperation and illegal employment, Mr. Yang, general manager of Xiaoli's textile mill, said that it was because he really couldn't recruit domestic workers to make such a bad decision.

It is understood that Yang's textile mill is a medium-sized enterprise in the region. Due to insufficient investment in equipment pformation and technological innovation, the same quantity of products is produced, and the factory needs more workers than other scale enterprises.

Therefore, under the background of shortage of migrant workers, the problem of "recruitment difficulty" in the textile mill is becoming more and more obvious.

"We have many foreign trade orders. Every time a foreign trader orders, we have to ask for quantity. If the volume is too large, we will not accept it."

Yang said that because of the lack of workers, many local factories like them to "restrict orders" while many machines were idle.

At the end of May this year, when Yang talked about business in Vietnam, the local labor agency said that the wages of Vietnamese workers were low.

"At that time, we were in urgent need of people, so we moved to employ Vietnamese people and bring them back to work in factories."

Yang said.

According to reports, when Vietnam's intermediary companies issued the recruitment news, hundreds of people came at once.

Worried about the legality of these workers' work in the country, Yang Cong enrolled 28 people and took a month's travel visa to enter the territory of China in the name of tourism.

"We used to work abroad and do business quite a lot. Now foreigners are working in China. This shows that China's economy has indeed developed very rapidly these years."

Yang said.

But not long after the relevant departments came to the scene, in addition to sending all 28 foreigners out of the country, the administrative penalty for the factory was more than 20 thousand yuan.

"Black workers" fought in the Yangtze River Delta

During the 2008 financial crisis, some export-oriented enterprises were hit hard, some enterprises went bankrupt and foreign workers were forced to go home.

With the warming of the external environment, the economic production in all parts of the country was busy again last year, and the phenomenon of "recruitment difficulty" and "shortage of migrant workers" were frequent.

As a result, many Vietnamese and Burma workers came to work.

In June 2009, Shaoxing County investigated and dealt with two illegal "black workers". In April this year, 4 Burmese went to Zhuji to knit a hosiery worker in a hosiery factory, and they were all sent out of the country by mid June.

The above 4 Burma "black workers" in the survey said: "in the old home only earn ten dollars a month, so many of our fellow townsmen think of working in China, hundreds of people have come, this time they have dozens of people smuggle across, mostly in Jiangsu and Zhejiang area."

It is understood that "foreign black workers" appeared many years ago in the Pearl River Delta region.

In Guangdong, Zhuhai, Guangzhou and other places, "black job" is a tacit understanding of many small and medium-sized enterprises.

In recent years, with the rapid development of textile, machinery, hardware and other labor-intensive economies, the Yangtze River Delta has become a new target of "foreign black workers" for gold rush.

But how many "black workers" are there? The relevant departments say that the overall data are hard to count because the "black jobs" are secret use.

"However, judging from recent inspections, the employment of" black workers "by individual small businesses is expanding.

Related personnel said.

This statement was confirmed by Yang.

"The labor intermediary company that I contacted with Vietnam is very small, but they export more than 400 people to China every year.

It used to go to the Guangdong region, and now it is going to the Yangtze River Delta.

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Low end labor services cannot be introduced

It is understood that Vietnam and Burma's "black workers", wages only need half of Chinese workers, or even less.

They are more attractive than the current labor costs in China.

"Our enterprises are at the end of the industrial chain, the profits are already very low, and if the country allows, I welcome workers from Vietnam to work."

Yang said.

Like Yang's textile mill, many enterprises have expressed their willingness to recruit foreigners through this underground form. "They do not need to pay various kinds of insurance, nor will they shout for a raise in wages. Nor will they return to their hometown in the Spring Festival or mid autumn festival as Chinese workers do."

So, do many foreigners like small businesses like foreigners get into our factories to work legally?

I have consulted the regulations on employment management of foreigners in China, which clearly stipulates that foreigners' employment permits and professional visas should be handled, and the requirement for jobs is "there should be special needs, and there is no suitable candidate in the country at the moment, and it does not violate the relevant provisions of the state".

According to the introduction, the above stipulates clearly that "if enterprises need to introduce foreigners, they can only be middle and high end talents, while foreign low-end labor services can not be imported."

As for the "black job", the "Regulations on Employment Administration of foreigners in China" expressly request that the employing units that employ foreigners without authorization shall, at the same time terminate their employment, impose a fine of more than 5000 yuan or less than 50000 yuan for the employing units, and order them to assume the full cost of sending foreigners who are employed privately.

"Black job" tests labour market

Because Vietnam and Burma are geographically connected to China, the border peoples have always had contacts.

It is reported that on the 1020 kilometer long land border line between Guangxi and Vietnam, Vietnamese can only enter China in a few minutes' walk. After evading inspection by various means, they can buy tickets to reach major cities.

The problem of "black workers" has attracted the attention of relevant departments.

In recent years, under the unified arrangement of the Ministry of public security, the public security departments of our province have carried out "three non" special actions to mobilize the masses to provide and report "three non" clues.

According to the provisions of the Ministry of public security, any alien who is an illegal entry or illegal resident, regardless of whether he is registered with the United Nations High Commissioner for refugees, has to "find one, investigate one and send one".

However, due to the temptation of interest, "foreign black workers" are favored by individual small and medium-sized enterprises.

The author calculated an account, for example, 28 "black workers" employed by a textile factory in Zhuji, with a monthly salary of less than 600 yuan per person than domestic workers, can save 17 thousand yuan per month in terms of wage expenditure alone.

According to the insiders, under the current situation of "recruitment difficulty" in China, labor costs will rise further, and more enterprises, especially those with low technological content, may be risked by the risk of fines and illegally employ "black workers".

While satisfying the normal production of enterprises, we should reduce manpower costs and improve the efficiency of enterprises.

It is understood that by the end of 2009, the registered unemployment rate of cities and towns in China was 4.3%, and there were 9 million 210 thousand urban registered unemployed persons.

Experts on human resources have pointed out that under the current circumstances, "black and black workers" will bring great challenges to China's low-end labor market once they rush into China.

Transformation and upgrading of enterprises is the key

After the repatriation of 28 foreigners, Yang's factory has more vacant equipment. He still faces the dilemma that domestic workers can not recruit and "foreign black workers" can not be introduced.

In each of the "three non" special operations, enterprises are faced with similar difficulties.

Small and medium-sized enterprises have no technology, no brand, and low profits. They can only keep the current low profit margins by constantly reducing costs.

Experts pointed out that with overseas low-cost labor force, so that the reduction of production costs can be reduced, this is the fundamental reason why "foreign black workers" repeatedly prohibit.

In the interview, I learned that in addition to enhancing brand awareness and enhancing product competitiveness, some enterprises tried to "go out" and set up production bases in Vietnam and other countries.

It is believed that this can not only eliminate and avoid the adverse effects of trade barriers in the international market, but also enjoy preferential policies and cost advantages of human resources abroad.

Take Shaoxing as an example. In recent years, the Yue Mei Group, Daheng Group and Hai Liang group have built Nigeria Textile Industrial Park, Botswana Textile Industrial Park and Vietnam Longjiang Industrial Park abroad.

There are 9 Chinese enterprises in Vietnam's Longjiang Industrial Park. There are many labor intensive enterprises such as Zhengyuan socks and Shuang Da wood industries.

Interview notes

When can SMEs smile?

Production efficiency is low. Then a large number of workers are needed.

In the recent investigation of the "black labor" incident, the author summed up two direct reasons for "black job": low production efficiency and low profits.

Behind these arrows, it reflects the urgency of pformation and upgrading of labor-intensive enterprises.

Undeniably, over the past 30 years, labor-intensive industries have made a lot of contributions.

Relying on China's abundant labor resources, the development of export processing industry has made the "MadeInChina" - "made in China" popular in the world.

In economics, there is a concept of "smile curve". Patents, technologies, brands and services are located at the two ends of the profit curve, while assembly and manufacturing are at the bottom of low profit.

Most of the labor-intensive small and medium-sized enterprises in China are at the bottom of the "smile curve", facing the unfavorable situation of "low profits, low production efficiency and low brand technology".

Nowadays, influenced by many factors such as resource constraints and labor costs, some enterprises in the low end of the industrial chain are struggling.

At present, our government requires enterprises to accelerate the pformation of the mode of economic development, speed up the pace of pformation and upgrading, and carry out a series of measures to eliminate backward production capacity in the face of new historical opportunities and challenges.

In the interview, I feel that many small and medium-sized enterprises have strong desire for pformation and upgrading, but their capabilities are very limited.

Low profit, low efficiency and difficult recruitment, in front of them, in addition to idle machines, there is a beautiful vision of pformation and upgrading.

Compared with others, this group knows more about improving production efficiency and improving production technology.

On the Internet, "MadeInChina" has been plated into "Shanzhai" by some netizens.

In order to pform small and medium-sized enterprises from "production workshop" to "enterprise headquarters", brand building should also be on the agenda in addition to improving production technology.

When we are no longer hovering at the low end of the industrial chain, we will break through the technological and brand level and occupy the two ends of the "smile curve". Many small and medium enterprises in China may smile happily.

And there is still a long way to go.