On The Protection Of Intangible Cultural Heritage In China

In recent years, the protection of intangible cultural heritage has been received by the Party Central Committee.

First,

(1) the background of the issue of intangible cultural heritage

Broadly speaking, culture is the sum of all material products and spiritual products created by human beings.

Those things that have been created or pformed by human beings to satisfy certain needs of mankind and express certain intentions are usually referred to as material culture.

Non material culture refers to the results that human beings do not create in the form of material carriers.

Life is not just a matter of material existence.

Matter only provides human beings as the basic condition for the survival of organisms.

More importantly, people must rely on the acquisition and inheritance of intangible culture to grow and become a person.

From learning to speak, learning to walk, to understanding the truth, enriching knowledge and mastering skills, we are dealing with non-material culture day after day and year after year.

This is especially true for social groups.

With valuable and developed intangible culture as the foundation, there is a wealth of material culture and a happy and harmonious social life environment.

For a long time, there is a certain degree of deviation in the understanding of culture: people often pay special attention to the material level of culture, but despise the ideas and spirits contained in the substance and the importance and value of the whole intangible culture.

At the same time, while paying attention to the intangible culture, it also pays special attention to the elite culture and the mainstream culture, instead of turning a blind eye to the most common, most common and basic non-material culture hidden among the masses.

Such prejudice against culture can easily lead to the loss of cultural nationalism and its deep historical foundation, which makes the culture increasingly assimilated and lacks its due vitality and creativity.

For a long time, the outstanding achievements of traditional culture in developing countries and regions have not been integrated into the mainstream of human culture development.

Western culture is in a strong position in the world cultural pattern, which seriously affects the direction of cultural development in developing countries.

At present, most developing countries are struggling to preserve and develop their traditional culture, which has affected their national image and national mentality, making their psychological foundation "stand in the forest of nations of the world" becoming more and more fragile.

The international community proposes to protect the diversity of human culture in order to cope with the expansion of a strong culture and its adverse effects on the overall value and long-term interests of mankind.

Because inheriting the fine cultural traditions of all ethnic groups and adhering to the diversity of cultural development is a necessary condition for the sustainable development of human creativity.

In October 20, 2005, the Convention on the protection and promotion of cultural diversity of forms adopted by the thirty-third session of the general conference of UNESCO pointed out: "culture has different forms in different time and space. This diversity manifests itself as the uniqueness and diversity of all ethnic groups and social and cultural characteristics and forms of culture."

The Declaration on world cultural diversity, adopted by UNESCO in 2001, states: "cultural manifestations, including the diversity of forms of traditional culture, are important factors for individuals and peoples to express and share their own thoughts and values with others."

The Convention on the protection and promotion of cultural diversity indicates that "cultural diversity is a basic characteristic of human beings." "cultural diversity creates a colorful world, which enables people to have more choices, improve their abilities and form values, and thus become a major driving force for sustainable development of communities, peoples and countries."

The proposition of the protection of intangible cultural heritage is of great significance not only to the construction of socialist culture in China, but also to epochal significance of the active participation and promotion of the world's ethnic cultures in the development of human culture and the diversity of human culture.

(two) the characteristics and significance of intangible culture

People always live in certain social groups. Non-material culture regulates the life style and value orientation of this group.

Therefore, it is the glue that maintains and consolidates group solidarity and harmony, and is the carrier of certain group and certain national cohesive force.

No matter what your political attitude is, regardless of your age or personality, no matter how different you are from other people's experiences, no matter how strange you are in your living environment, the intangible cultural heritage of our nation will virtually connect you to your own social groups and your own nation.

Therefore, the non-material culture is also the symbol of each person's national identity, and is the basis of the cultural identity of all the members of a nation.

At the same time, whether each nation treats their traditional culture well and whether inherit and carry forward their excellent national cultural traditions is also a matter of how human culture develops.

We are more and more aware of the fact that the position of the nation and the position of all mankind are not completely opposed.

The protection of our excellent cultural traditions is not only an important issue in the cultural construction of our motherland, but also the foundation and guarantee for the development of human cultural diversity.

Strictly speaking, material culture and non-material culture are closely related to each other, just like the production technology of a product and this product can not be separated.

But at the same time, they are two distinct things.

For the convenience of expression, we can experience the essential characteristics of intangible culture more clearly and deeply in comparison with material culture.

First of all, every material cultural object can not be shared by different subjects.

Sometimes we say "work together for a cup". This is just a symbolic way of expression. In fact, it is impossible. You can only drink your part. I drink this part of mine.

Non material objects can be shared.

What I call "sharing" means that different people, different communities and ethnic groups can share, share and share the same cultural achievements together.

Material culture can not be shared, shared and shared together.

The sharing of such intangible culture is not limited by time and space.

The history of cultural sharing has a long history with the development of human culture.

The history of human cultural development is the history of cultural creation. It is also a history of cultural sharing among different groups of people, communities, nations and nations.

An important basic concept related to the sharing of intangible cultural heritage is the "cultural diversity" mentioned earlier.

The sharing of intangible cultural heritage will undoubtedly contribute to the full realization of cultural diversity and promote the development of human culture.

In my own understanding, one of the design ideas of UNESCO's protection of intangible cultural heritage is to correctly handle the relationship between national culture and human culture, and to confirm the human cultural status of a specific national culture.

The significance of UNESCO's promotion of the protection of intangible cultural heritage lies in the search for an effective way for human society to pcend material monopolization and eliminate disputes between people and society and society, and to promote the prosperity and development of human culture.

Therefore, in view of the protection of intangible cultural heritage, we should not only have a national perspective, but also a whole human perspective.

Understanding and protecting the intangible cultural heritage of our peoples from a human perspective will make our protection work wider, more lasting and more profound.

Another characteristic of non-material culture lies in its activity. It is the culture in the process. The vitality of life lies in its development and evolution. If it is not abandoned by history because it is no longer adapted to the needs of society, if it does not extinguish in the sky like a shining meteor and become a dust of history, it will get a long life in sports.

The active nature of intangible cultural heritage is reflected in its inheritance process.

Every reality of its presentation is merely a link in its infinite life chain.

If the material and cultural achievements are created by people, they will be separated from people and exist independently. Then, the intangible culture will be represented by human carriers, with human concept, human knowledge, human skills and human behavior as its manifestations.

These characteristics are of great significance to our understanding of the essence of "intangible cultural heritage" as a part of intangible culture.

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(three) the definition and scope of "intangible cultural heritage" as a part of intangible culture.

The "intangible cultural heritage" we are talking about does not include all the intangible culture.

The concept of "intangible cultural heritage" stems from UNESCO's 2003 Convention on the protection of intangible cultural heritage, which was approved by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress in August 28, 2004.

The Convention defines the "intangible cultural heritage" as follows:

"Intangible cultural heritage" refers to all kinds of practices, performances, forms, knowledge and skills, and related tools, objects, arts and crafts, and cultural sites that are sometimes regarded by individuals, groups, and individuals as their cultural heritage.

With the change of their environment, the relationship with nature and historical conditions, all groups and groups continue to make the intangible cultural heritage handed down from generation to generation and create a sense of identity and a sense of history for themselves, thus promoting the development of cultural diversity and creativity.

In this definition, it not only clearly points out the important factors of the intangible cultural heritage's main body, object, function, but also includes the value judgment of the subject to the object.

In my own understanding, those phenomena that are not passed on from generation to generation, which do not make groups feel identities or histories are not included in the concept in principle, and the dross in culture is far from the concept.

Needless to say, in the long historical process, there are indeed some cultural phenomena that have been shelved, abandoned or even negated in real life, such as consanguineous marriages, which once appeared in a short time but were constantly moving forward. These cultural phenomena not only lose their vitality, but also have no benefit to our national identity and cultural creativity. In addition, there are also cultural phenomena which are contrary to human nature, contrary to common sense, and are not conducive to the progress of society.

When it comes to the topic of essence and dross, I want to add in my own understanding: it is not always easy to judge whether the intangible cultural phenomenon is the essence or the dross.

Because this is not only the judgment of the truth of objective things, but also the value assessment of different groups.

At the same time, there are also two factors, such as different ways of funeral and interment.

Yesterday, as a "essence" or "model" of things, because of the changes of the times, to today may be identified as "dregs".

No matter what cultural phenomena are eliminated by history, or behind the rotten dross, these are not in line with the definition of intangible cultural heritage, nor are they included in their scope. That is to say, these historical and cultural phenomena are not the objects we want to protect.

Moreover, it is impossible and unnecessary for us to protect all the intangible cultural things that once existed in history.

Because the fundamental purpose of the protection of intangible cultural heritage is not to stick to yesterday, but to build today and to the future. It is not for the ancients to protect and carry forward the tradition, although we are pious and sentiments towards them, and in the final analysis are for today's people and our descendants.

In the practice of carrying out the protection of intangible cultural heritage in our country for many years, we especially stress the vitality of the intangible cultural heritage in the life of the people, the continuity of the history and the practical function in reality.

Only when it plays an active role in today's social life can it manifest its own value, otherwise it is of no practical significance.

The Convention on the protection of intangible cultural heritage has also identified the specific scope of intangible cultural heritage: "intangible cultural heritage includes the following aspects: (1) oral traditions and forms of expression, including language as a medium of intangible cultural heritage; (2) performing arts; (3) social customs, etiquette and festivals; (4) knowledge and practice about nature and the universe; (5) traditional handicrafts."

These specific contents are strictly defined by the above definition from a positive and positive perspective, based on the above definition.

In our work practice, in order to give full play to the positive factors of intangible cultural heritage as a manifestation of Chinese traditional culture, we should avoid negative factors and adopt different methods and measures for different intangible cultural heritage projects.

It is not for all projects to implement all measures from beginning to end, but some preservation, some protection.

The intangible cultural heritage is generally preserved, identified, recorded and archiving. Measures such as inheritance, dissemination and other effective measures are adopted to protect projects with high historical, literary, artistic and scientific values.

In the work, we should give full play to the leading role of the government, encourage and support the active participation of all sectors of society, and correctly handle the relationship of preservation, protection and utilization.

(four) the value and significance of intangible cultural heritage

(1) the Chinese culture has 5000 years of glorious history. It is the spiritual link between the Chinese nation and the national spirit. It is the source of strength for the Chinese nation to face the severe challenges and the complicated environment.

As an important part of Chinese traditional culture, intangible cultural heritage is deeply rooted in the history of national development, reflecting the vitality and creativity of Chinese culture.

Intangible cultural heritage is also one of the important factors to promote the construction of socialist culture in China.

(2) every country and nation has its own unique cultural traditions. Intangible cultural heritage embodies the common psychological structure, ideology, production and life style of various countries and nationalities. Therefore, intangible cultural heritage is not only a carrier of national spirit, but also a symbol of national spirit and an important foundation for the cohesion of groups and nations.

Therefore, the protection of intangible cultural heritage can promote the cultural identity of the Chinese nation, enhance social cohesion, enhance national unity and social stability.

(3) intangible cultural heritage is a form of traditional culture and cultural space closely linked to the life of the people of all ethnic groups. It is a crystallization of knowledge and wisdom that exists among the broad masses of the people, showing the skills and talents of the masses.

(4) the protection of intangible cultural heritage within the framework of the United Nations Educational, scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is of particular importance to ancient civilizations and great powers such as China.

It provides an international platform for displaying China's excellent traditional culture and unique cultural value.

China's intangible cultural heritage has a long history, rich in resources and colorful. It is our inexhaustible spiritual treasure house. It is an important link between international cultural exchanges, a valuable treasure of all mankind, and a vivid manifestation of the diversity of world culture.

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Two, the status quo of the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China

With the continuous enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength, local governments at all levels have put the protection of intangible cultural heritage into an important agenda.

The Ministry of culture has carried out a series of fruitful work and made remarkable progress in the unified deployment and comprehensive promotion, and initially established a mechanism for protecting intangible cultural heritage conforming to China's national conditions.

This is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1) studying and formulating policies and regulations, and establishing guidelines, principles and objectives for the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

In 2005, the general office of the State Council and the State Council issued the opinions on strengthening the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China and the notice on strengthening the protection of cultural heritage, and established the policy of protecting the intangible cultural heritage, which is "protecting primarily, saving first, making rational use of, and inheriting and developing", and put forward the principles and objectives of protection.

The Ministry of culture has formulated the "Interim Measures for the protection and management of national intangible cultural heritage", and the departmental rules of the Interim Measures for the recognition and management of representative successors of national intangible cultural heritage projects.

Some progress has also been made in the construction of local laws and regulations.

Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other 8 provinces and autonomous regions have promulgated regulations on the protection of national folk culture or the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

(two) the first national census of intangible cultural heritage was basically completed.

In June 2005, the Ministry of culture unified the national census of intangible cultural heritage, and it was basically completed by the end of 2009.

According to incomplete statistics, the census collected 290 thousand valuable objects and materials, 2 billion words in the census, and the total amount of intangible cultural heritage resources was quite amazing. A number of endangered intangible cultural heritage projects were identified and rescued.

Through census, we have learned and grasped the categories, quantity, distribution, living environment, protection status and existing problems of intangible cultural heritage resources of various regions and nationalities.

(three) the list system of representative works of intangible cultural heritage at the four levels of the state, province, city and county has been initially established, and the recognition and protection mechanism of the representative successors has been continuously improved.

According to the spirit of the general office of the State Council on strengthening the opinions on the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China, after recommendation, review, publicity and promulgation, in 2006 and 2008, the State Council approved the two batch of 1028 national intangible cultural heritage projects.

By December 2009, all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government have set up a list of representative works of provincial intangible cultural heritage. There are 7109 representative projects.

Some cities and counties have also set up a list of intangible cultural heritage at this level.

The list system of the four levels of intangible cultural heritage of the state, province, city and county has initially formed.

From 2007 to 2009, the Ministry of culture assessed and announced the three batch of 1488 national intangible cultural heritage projects representative successors.

Local provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have also identified and named 6332 representative successors of provincial intangible cultural heritage projects.

For the identified representative successors, the cultural sector actively supports the representative successors in carrying out activities through recording and collation of technical materials, providing places of study, funding activities, organizing publicity and communication, collecting representative works, establishing archives and databases.

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(four) the construction of cultural ecology protection experimentation area is steadily advancing.

The experimentation area of cultural ecology protection is a special area with the core of protecting intangible cultural heritage, which has rich historical accumulation, good state of existence, special cultural form with special value and distinctive characteristics, and is designed to promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of society.

The construction of cultural ecological reserve is an innovative mechanism for the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

From June 2007 to June 2010, the Ministry of culture has set up eight state-level cultural ecological protection experimentation area, namely, Minnan culture, Huizhou culture, khakon culture, Qiang culture, Hakka culture (Meizhou), Wuling mountain area (Xiangxi) Tujia and Miao nationality culture, marine fishery culture (Xiangshan) and Jinzhong culture.

At present, the construction work of the eight experimentation area is actively and orderly.

(five) the construction of infrastructural facilities such as exhibition and dissemination of intangible cultural heritage has been gradually carried out.

According to incomplete statistics, at present, all the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have set up 424 kinds of non-material cultural heritage museums, such as state-owned or private, and 96 exhibition hall, 179 folk custom museums and 1216 schools.

The establishment of these infrastructures provides a place and platform for protecting, inheriting, displaying and publicizing the local intangible cultural heritage.

(six) actively explore productive protection of intangible cultural heritage.

The intangible cultural heritage of traditional arts and traditional arts has the characteristics of low energy consumption, no pollution and quick effect. It is suitable for the development of labor-intensive and characteristic cultural industries.

The provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) actively explore productive protection of intangible cultural heritage, playing a certain role in promoting the development of related industries, stimulating domestic demand, expanding employment, coping with the global financial crisis, and promoting stable and rapid economic growth.

A large number of intangible cultural heritage projects of the time-honored brand enterprises, through productive protection, renewed vitality and vitality, and enhanced the influence of national brands.

(seven) extensive and in-depth publicity and education, and the awareness of cultural heritage protection in the whole society is constantly increasing.

In order to cultivate and enhance the cultural consciousness of the whole people and create a good social atmosphere for the protection of cultural heritage, the State Council has established the "Cultural Heritage Day".

Since 2006, the Ministry of culture and various cultural departments have vigorously carried out publicity and educational activities such as exhibitions, performances, forums, seminars, and other intangible cultural heritage festivals by using the "Cultural Heritage Day" and the traditional Chinese festivals.

The Ministry of culture has sponsored a series of activities such as "achievements exhibition of China's intangible cultural heritage protection", "China's intangible cultural heritage traditional skills Exhibition" and "Chinese ethnic minority traditional music and dance show".

In addition, newspapers, magazines, television and Internet have been widely used to publicize the protection of intangible cultural heritage. Actively communicating with education departments has made intangible cultural heritage an important carrier of traditional culture education and patriotic education for young people.

(eight) to fully understand the experience of all countries and to carry out international exchanges and cooperation.

In the process of modernization, many countries in the world gradually realized the importance of protecting the traditional culture of the nation, formulated special laws and regulations to protect the intangible cultural heritage, established a relatively mature working mechanism, and achieved a relatively successful experience.

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The experience of the protection of cultural heritage in various countries has played a certain role in promoting the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China.

In August 2004, with the approval of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China formally joined the Convention on the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

The Ministry of culture has actively participated in international exchanges and cooperation in the protection of intangible cultural heritage, and hosted the "China Intangible Cultural Heritage Festival" in Paris, France. It hosted the two "China Chengdu International Intangible Cultural Heritage Festival" in Chengdu, Sichuan, and jointly launched the field work of "Mongolia clan tune folk songs" jointly with Mongolia.

By 2009, 29 items of intangible cultural heritage were selected as UNESCO's "list of representative works of human intangible cultural heritage" and "the list of intangible cultural heritage needed to be protected".

China is the most UNESCO directory in the world.

In May 2010, the International Training Center for the protection of intangible cultural heritage in the Asia Pacific region was established at the China Academy of Arts and became an important base for China to participate in the protection of international intangible cultural heritage.

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Three, the main difficulties and problems faced by the protection of national intangible cultural heritage.

Overall, the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China is still in its initial stage.

Through continuous exploration, the protection system of intangible cultural heritage with Chinese characteristics has been initially established. However, with the deepening of the protection of intangible cultural heritage, there are many problems that need our attention, discussion and resolution.

At present, there are mainly difficulties and problems in the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China.

(1) the trend of globalization has impacted the living environment of the intangible cultural heritage.

Due to the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, people's production and life styles have undergone significant changes.

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of productivity, people's material life has been improved. At the same time, the environment for the survival of intangible cultural heritage has been affected to varying degrees.

Some traditional customs have changed, and many cultural memories have been fading. The excellent culture inherited from generation to generation has been forgotten. Some kinds of art are facing the danger of extinction. Some artists who are masters of their lives are getting old, and young people are influenced by the market economy and the current employment concept. They are unwilling to learn and inherit traditional culture and art, and inherit the lack of people. Some intangible cultural heritages which rely on oral and mental guidance are disappearing.

Taking drama as an example, there were 360 kinds of statistics in 1949, and 317 in 1982. In 2004, when statistics were repeated, it was found that only 260 species existed in the mainland. In the short 60 years, 134 kinds of traditional operas were lost, accounting for 35% of the total drama varieties.

For example, the traditional dance, 20 years ago in the dance census included in the 19 dance cities of Shanxi, Yunnan and other 19 provinces "Dance Ensemble" in the 2211 dance heritage, currently only 1389 retained, and has disappeared or no inheritance activities of up to 853 items, in the short more than 20 years, the dance dance heritage accounted for nearly 37% of the total statistics, and Hebei and Shanxi two provinces have nearly 2/3 of the traditional dance has been lost.

The decline, decline and extinction speed of intangible cultural heritage has come to a frightening level, and the present situation is very worrying.

(two) for a long time, we have not known enough about the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

The intangible cultural heritage has not been equal to the elite culture for a long time.

The intangible cultural heritage mainly relies on oral communication, and because of lack of concern, it is self reliant and self destructive. Many folk arts belong to unique skills. They often exist because of human beings.

Since the protection of intangible cultural heritage has been carried out, some local leaders do not know enough. They often confuse the intangible cultural heritage with the feudal dross. Some people do not know the important role of intangible cultural heritage in inheriting Chinese context, promoting national spirit and promoting social harmony and stability.

Some local cultural departments are highly motivated, but the local government has not done enough in implementing funds and establishing protection institutions, resulting in the delay in the investigation, rescue and protection of resources in some locals.

In some areas, the lack of leadership in protection, the lack of protection of ideas, and the blind development of the intangible cultural heritage often occur.

In this way, the current protection work can not be carried out normally, and it also affects the overall situation of cultural construction.

(three) the mechanism is not perfect enough, and laws and regulations are absent.

Although efforts have been made for several years, we have initially established a system for protecting intangible cultural heritage conforming to China's national conditions. However, the phenomenon of "reiterated newspaper protection" and "heavy profits and light management" still exist in varying degrees. The protection institutions for grass-roots intangible cultural heritages are still thin and weak. Quite a few of the municipal and county level protection agencies have not yet been established or improved, and there are still no specialized staff in many places, and theoretical research is still behind the practice of protection.

In accordance with the requirements of the UNESCO Convention on the protection of intangible cultural heritage, "all States parties should take appropriate legal, technical, administrative and financial measures", the countries that acceded to the Convention should strengthen legislation and establish relevant legal protection mechanisms.

As early as 1950s, Japan promulgated the "cultural and financial protection law". In 60s, the Republic of Korea promulgated the "law on the protection of cultural wealth protection". France, Tunisia, Brazil and other countries also made clear provisions on strengthening the protection of intangible cultural heritage in relevant laws.

However, due to the lack of nationwide law on the protection of intangible cultural heritage, the protection of intangible cultural heritage has been restricted to a certain extent.

The "intangible cultural heritage law" has not yet been promulgated, and the protection work has not yet been included in the legal system.

At present, all sectors of society strongly call for the introduction of a national intangible cultural heritage law as soon as possible, so that the protection of intangible cultural heritage can be legally supported.

(four) successors have not received due social recognition, and lack of managers and research teams.

Compared with material and cultural heritage, the greatest characteristic of intangible cultural heritage is relying on human beings. With voice, image and skills as the means of expression, oral communication is a kind of "living culture".

Intangible cultural heritage must be inherited from human beings, and human beings are the core of intangible cultural heritage.

For a long time, the inheritors of the intangible cultural heritage were not recognized by the society, but belonged to marginalized and forgotten groups.

The number of managers and researchers engaged in the protection of intangible cultural heritage is very small, and it is difficult to meet the needs of the current intangible cultural heritage protection.

(five) insufficient financial support.

Since 2006, the central government has made special arrangements for the central subsidy for the national intangible cultural heritage protection. As of 2009, the total amount invested in the protection of national intangible cultural heritage has been 586 million yuan over the past four years, showing an increasing trend year by year.

The annual growth of protection funds reflects the state's high regard for the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

However, compared with other countries, compared with China's rich intangible cultural heritage resources, intangible cultural heritage protection funds are far from enough compared with the input of material and cultural heritage protection. Especially under the impact of the tide of modern economic globalization, the protection of funds investment seems to be a drop in the bucket when the intangible cultural heritage is becoming more and more endangered.

According to relevant information, since 1975, the annual input of cultural heritage protection has been steadily accounted for 1% of the total national budget. The annual protection budget for intangible cultural property in Japan is around 10 billion yen, which does not include billions of yen in raising funds.

As of the end of 2009, China's two batch of 1028 state-level intangible cultural heritage projects, the central government subsidized projects only 535, accounting for 52% of the total number of projects, nearly half of the national level projects have not been supported by the central government.

The government's limited financial resources and insufficient investment are one of the difficult factors facing the rescue and protection of some local intangible cultural heritage.

The records, collation, preservation and protection of intangible cultural heritage need funds and modern technology carriers and means.

Due to insufficient funds, a large number of places have not arranged special protection funds, and lack of technical equipment. Some intangible cultural heritages that are on the brink of extinction have not been effectively recorded and rescued. Only the census data and folk literature and art works recorded and collated can not be published, and even some non-material cultural heritage data and objects that have been recorded and collated are in danger of being damaged and once again lost.

The rational development and utilization of intangible cultural heritage resources also lack corresponding funds.

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Four. Suggestions for further strengthening the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

The key to solve the problems existing in the protection of intangible cultural heritage lies in adhering to the scientific concept of protection, strengthening the construction of laws and regulations, improving the mechanism of protection and inheritance, and developing it in the right direction.

In the coming period, China's intangible cultural heritage protection will enter an important stage of comprehensive and in-depth development.

In view of the next step in the protection of intangible cultural heritage, I put forward the following suggestions:

(1) improving the protection and inheritance mechanism of intangible cultural heritage

At present, the protection mechanism of intangible cultural heritage has initially established a protective mechanism with Chinese characteristics, but many aspects need further improvement and enhancement.

Next, it is suggested that we should proceed from the overall situation of the development of intangible cultural heritage protection, focusing on the establishment of directory system, the protection of projects and inheritors, the construction of cultural and ecological protection zones, the construction of Museum and the Museum of intangible cultural heritage, etc., and further improve the protection and inheritance mechanism of intangible cultural heritage, and further promote the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

On the basis of the evaluation and accreditation work of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list items and representative successors, we should gradually improve the accreditation standards for intangible cultural heritage, so as to make the standards more scientific and rigorous, and promote the healthy and steady development of the evaluation and Accreditation of intangible cultural heritage.

We will further strengthen the protection of directory items and representative successors at all levels.

We will conduct classified guidance on intangible cultural heritage items selected at all levels, in-depth study of protection methods, study and formulate standards and norms for classified protection of national intangible cultural heritage list items, and implement targeted protective measures.

Effective measures should be taken to strengthen the protection of representative successors.

On the basis of finding out the status quo of the inheritors, we continue to identify and name the representative successors at all levels, and record in time the rich knowledge and exquisite skills that the older inheritors possess, and help the inheritors to carry out activities such as teaching, communicating, showing and so on, helping the inheritors who have difficulties in life, supporting, commending and rewarding inheritors and heritage groups with outstanding contributions.

We should further clarify the idea of building a cultural ecological reserve and implement the overall protection of intangible cultural heritage.

(two) strengthening team building including successors, job managers and researchers.

The core of Scientific Outlook on Development is people-oriented, and the key is to ensure the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

First of all, it is suggested to strengthen the construction of the successor team and take positive measures to provide protection for inheritors to carry out their study work, and actively carry out policy training for inheritors, so that they can understand the policies and regulations of the protection of national intangible cultural heritage in a timely manner, and better promote the development of inheritance work.

The second is to strengthen the building of institutions, and strive to strive for staffing in the process of local institutional reform, and establish specialized institutions for the protection of intangible cultural heritage; third, it is planned to provide training for existing non-material cultural heritage protection personnel, so as to make them regular and institutionalized, forming a part-time and part-time protection team. Fourth, we should work closely with universities and research institutes to establish specialties related to intangible cultural heritage, establish a number of research and training bases, and train a group of masters and doctoral candidates to provide professional talents for the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

(three) speed up the legislative process and provide legal protection for the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

The protection of intangible cultural heritage is a cause of great achievements in the contemporary era. It is our duty to protect the intangible cultural heritage and protect the spiritual home.

The protection of intangible cultural heritage must be protected by law.

At present, although the protection of intangible cultural heritage has made effective progress, it has played an important role in promoting the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of the economy and society. However, we deeply feel that due to the lack of national laws on the protection of intangible cultural heritage, the protection of intangible cultural heritage has been made to a certain extent.

Therefore, all sectors of society strongly appeal for the introduction of a nationwide law on the protection of intangible cultural heritage, so that the protection of intangible cultural heritage can be legally supported.

At the same time, we should continue to promote the construction of local laws and regulations, and gradually standardize and legalize the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

(four) the leadership of relevant administrative departments should raise awareness, strengthen leadership and increase investment in the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

The importance of leadership and financial support is a powerful guarantee for the in-depth development of intangible cultural heritage protection.

It is suggested that the leaders of the relevant administrative departments should fully understand the importance of the protection of intangible cultural heritage, attach importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage from the height of responsibility for the state and history, strengthen leadership over the protection of intangible cultural heritage, and support from the aspects of institution building, funding guarantee and personnel training.

It is suggested that all levels of finance should further increase investment in the protection of intangible cultural heritage, especially local financial input, and encourage individuals, enterprises and social organizations to subsidize the protection of intangible cultural heritage and absorb social funds in various channels, thus providing strong financial support for the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

(five) strengthen publicity and guidance on the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

Intangible cultural heritage is a cultural wealth closely related to the lives of hundreds of millions of people. The protection of intangible cultural heritage only attracts the attention of the whole society. Only by improving the cultural consciousness of the whole nation can we achieve results.

By strengthening publicity and guidance, the public, especially the government officials at all levels, fully realize that the intangible cultural heritage is not only a historical wealth, but also an indispensable and important resource for modernization, and is one of the spiritual driving forces to promote social progress in an all-round way.

Finally, as a researcher engaged in the protection of intangible cultural heritage, I sincerely hope that the national laws related to the protection of intangible cultural heritage can be promulgated at an early date.

This will provide a strong support for promoting our socialist cultural construction, enhancing people's sense of well-being, enhancing national identity and cohesion, promoting social stability and harmony, enhancing the soft power of the country, and promoting the diversity of human culture.

This is exactly what the people of all ethnic groups in China eagerly look forward to.