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Shortage Of Migrant Workers: From East To West?

2011/2/23 10:41:00 245

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Shortage Of Workers In Enterprises

For the vast majority

Migrant workers

For example, staying at home or going out to work is a difficult problem.

enterprise

For example, it is also a problem to continue to wait for applicants and increase wages to attract migrant workers.

This is China during the Spring Festival this year.

recruit and use

Present situation.

Yesterday, an interview with reporters found that the phenomenon of "shortage of migrant workers" continued to ferment in the media. Mr. Fu, who lives in Ganzhou, Jiangxi, told reporters on the phone that "an enterprise in Zhejiang asked me to find 100 people to work there during the Spring Festival. But after nearly 20 days, I still couldn't fill it up. Moreover, it is not only a business in Zhejiang, but also a shortage of workers in a few enterprises in my hometown."

Present situation

East China's western war

The shortage of migrant workers is not a new word. As early as 2004, the media began to stir up the phenomenon of "shortage of migrant workers" always appearing during the Spring Festival, but the topic of speculation at that time was mainly the "robbing people" problem between the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta region.

In 2011, the phenomenon of "shortage of migrant workers" not only became more serious, but also brought about the trend of diffusion. This phenomenon has even been pushed forward from the eastern coastal areas to many inland provinces in the central and western regions where traditional labor services are exported.

In Jiangsu Province, the report of the human resources market supply and demand situation released by the Ministry of human resources and social security of the province showed that in the fourth quarter of 2010, 1 million 704 thousand and 400 employment service institutions in Jiangsu province had been recruited, representing an increase of 1.15% over the previous quarter.

At the same time, 1 million 496 thousand and 400 job seekers registered in the public employment service institutions and professional intermediary service institutions decreased by 4.51%.

One increase or one decrease means that many enterprises can no longer sit on the Diaoyutai, but rather "seek help from others".

In Shanghai, just after the golden week of the Spring Festival, 400 long-distance buses went to Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan, Hubei and other places, and then returned to the "doorstep" to fully realize the "hunger and thirst" of many enterprises in Shanghai.

According to media reports, Wenzhou enterprises, known as "shoes capital", are generally short of work. It is also obvious that "clothing and shoemaking enterprises as an example, there are 10% to 20% employment gaps.

Last year, some enterprises in Wenzhou had already lost production because they could not recruit workers.

In fact, traditional labor exporting provinces are also facing new problems of lack of jobs.

According to the relevant departments of Guizhou Province, recently, there are tens of thousands of labor shortages in Guizhou's local enterprises. The shortage of workers is very serious. "More than 2200 employers are queuing up in the human resources market, waiting to arrange recruitment.

At the same time, the booth for recruitment fairs in February had already been booked before the Spring Festival, and the earliest vacant booths had been placed in the middle of 3.

"The number of export of labour services in Hubei is expected to shrink between 10% and 15% this year, or at least 1 million."

Li Xiangquan, director of the rural employment office of Hubei Province, said that migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta region were reduced by at least 600 thousand.

In addition, Pan Shiyi, chairman of SOHO China, said in an interview with reporters, "SOHO China's projects in Beijing and Shanghai have started one after another. Due to the efforts of the construction units, there has been no shortage of construction workers for the time being, but I see that other industries, such as the catering industry, are working very hard."

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Reason

Lack of substantive rights

Li Zuojun, an Industrial Economic Research Institute of the State Council Development Research Center, pointed out that the root cause of "shortage of migrant workers" is "shortage of rights". To solve this problem fundamentally, we must first let tens of thousands of migrant workers really get their due personal rights.

Some netizens said, "the shortage of migrant workers is just a representation, and the panic of the people is the essence", first of all, the inequality between people and people.

For example, the restriction of household registration system; the low wages of migrant workers, the serious phenomenon of arrears and arrears of wages, long working hours, relatively poor safety conditions, lack of social security, occupational diseases and accidents, and discrimination in training, employment, children's schooling, living and housing.

Zhang Zhanxin, director of the Social Security Research Office of the Institute of population and labor economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out the deeper reason. He said: "this declares that the era of unlimited supply of labor in China has ended."

He analyzed that the most fundamental reason for the shortage of migrant workers lies in the decline in the growth of China's labor force and the acceptance of labor-intensive industrial pfer and economic development in the central and western regions, and the changing relationship between supply and demand of labor force.

First of all, China has implemented the family planning policy for more than 30 years. The change of population structure has been reflected in the social phenomenon such as the decline of enrollment in urban and rural primary schools, and the decrease in the number of new labor force.

That is to say, from the source of labor supply, it is no longer as "unlimited supply" as before.

Secondly, like China, a country with a large proportion of agricultural population and a rising stage of social economy, it will inevitably face the fundamental adjustment of the industrial structure of the national economy on the road to modernization.

Last year, the State Council issued the "guiding opinions on undertaking industrial pfer in the central and western regions", and urged to rely on the industrial base and labor and resources advantages of the central and western regions to promote the development of key industries.

Under such circumstances, the number of migrant workers in the central and western regions going to the East will naturally decrease.

Xia Xueluan, a professor of sociology at Peking University, thinks that "shortage of migrant workers" is a good phenomenon, indicating that the strategy of balanced development of the country is playing a role.

With the development of the western region, the gap between the East and the west is gradually narrowing, so there is a situation of Western and Eastern scramble for labor.

Enterprises that have won the "cheap labor force" will lose competitiveness.

From this perspective, the beneficiaries are migrant workers.

At the same time, the long-term shortage of migrant workers has forced the pformation and upgrading of eastern enterprises, which will effectively promote the optimization and upgrading of China's industrial results.

Zhang Zhanxin predicted that the status quo of the labor market will accelerate the change of household registration policy. In the most labour shortage areas, there will be a "friendly" policy for convenient and affordable migrant workers in many fields.

Through the citizenization of migrant workers, we can attract more migrant workers to facilitate the integration of migrant workers into cities and solve the settlement problem of migrant workers.

Aspirations

Where to make money and where to go

A sharp contrast with the boiling "shortage of migrant workers" is that the National Bureau of statistics monitoring survey results show that in 2010, the total number of migrant workers in the country was 242 million.

Among them, the total number of migrant workers has been increasing, from 98 million in 2004 to 153 million in 2010.

So, people can not help asking, so many migrant workers, why do we still feel that the gap is widening?

Zhong Dajun, director of the economic consulting firm of the Beijing army's think tank, believes that although the shortage of migrant workers does not mean the absolute shortage of labor force in China, at least it shows the relative reduction of the new labor force.

"In the past few years, the number of people entering the labor market has increased by 10 million every year. Now it is only five or six million. In another five or six years, there may be only one or two million.

However, due to the rapid economic development, new job opportunities are greater than this number, which has led to job recruitment constraints.

Zhong Dajun said.

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There is also the view that "in recent years, the rapid economic development in the central and western regions, coupled with the pfer of some enterprises to the central and western regions, has led to an increase in the demand for employment. Because of the profitable agricultural policy of the state, some migrant workers have embarked on the road of becoming rich in agriculture, which has reduced the number of migrant workers."

In the industry view, there is no doubt that there is still a "money" factor in the employment gap.

Reporters learned in the interview that at present, many enterprises that complete the recruitment target are basically adjusting their salaries.

Raising wages has become a bargaining chip in attracting talent.

"Just after the Spring Festival, our business starts up to more than 80%."

Yesterday, seven wolves men's clothing personage told reporters, "as far as the status quo is concerned, migrant workers recruitment is relatively smooth, because the treatment has increased, attracting many people to apply."

"I was thinking about whether to go to work in Shanghai or Beijing, or to work in Jiangsu.

After asking around, they decided to stay at home.

Yesterday, on the phone, Xiao Hou, a worker in Shaanxi Province working in Jiangsu, admitted to reporters that "now working in Jiangsu, we can get 1900 yuan, which has increased by several hundred yuan over last year.

And in Shanghai, although wages are more than 2000 yuan, but the level of consumption is high, to think carefully, or did not stay in Jiangsu cost-effective.

In fact, as early as 2004, Long Yongtu, director of the Boao forum for Asia, pointed out sharply that the shortage of migrant workers is a punishment for distorting the price of labor wages in China.

In the same year, the Ministry of labor and social security's research conducted by the relevant provinces and cities also showed that some enterprises were seriously short of work due to poor wages.

Answer

Material spirit together

In order to cope with the shortfall in employment, all over the country is fighting a battle for workers.

In the traditional industrial area, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, enterprises have used "material" to attract workers.

In Zhejiang Province, the monthly salary level of many famous enterprises represented by YOUNGOR has increased to 3000 yuan.

In Jiangsu Province, the "large household" represented by Kunshan not only set the recruitment front directly to the western provinces, but also improved wages.

Some electronic enterprises in Kunshan have offered a monthly salary of 2500 yuan plus a hardware package.

What is even more surprising is that as the central and western provinces and cities have undertaken a lot of industrial pfer, the central and western regions have begun to work at home.

Take Chongqing as an example, the city encourages migrant workers to stay at home in spirit.

According to the reporters, as early as the Spring Festival, the Chongqing municipal government, which is building the world's largest laptop base, sent a letter of condolence to the migrant workers in the city and invited them to stay in their hometown for employment and development.

In addition, 40 districts and counties in Chongqing have held job fairs simultaneously to retain migrant workers to stay in their hometown.

It is reported that this recruitment campaign will last until the end of April, with the goal of filling 700 thousand jobs.

In fact, in the western big city of Chongqing, the recruitment of some enterprises even exceeds the eastern region.

Take CIMC (Chongqing) logistics equipment manufacturing company as an example, the company paid 3300 to 4000 yuan of wages to hire skilled technicians, welders, painters, etc., during the probationary period, wages can also reach 1900 yuan per month. In addition, there are 12 yuan daily food subsidies, and the company dormitory with air conditioners, color TV sets, water heaters and toilets is only 30 yuan per month.

The war of keeping people is still in Hubei, a traditional labor exporting province.

The Hubei people's war is called "spring breeze action".

As long as Wuhan's migrant workers can get a "spring breeze card" at the station, wharf, human resources market and so on, it contains job information and job reminders.

The government is trying to retain those villagers who are heading for the Yangtze River Delta or the Pearl River Delta.

In addition, "spring breeze action" kept the labor force while finding the "end result" for them in Hubei province.

On the same day in February 12th, there were 12 large job fairs targeted at migrant workers in Wuhan, and some even opened up a "sub battlefield" at passenger stations.