Functional Design And Development Of Modern Sportswear

In recent years, due to people's continuous pursuit of health, sports become fashion Trend, movement clothing The market also grows stronger and stronger. With the development of science and technology, people's requirements for sportswear are getting higher and higher. For example, they have good extensibility and elasticity, so that all parts of the body can be telescopic and free. At the same time, they have a good protective effect on the human body. It requires that the fabrics have good movement comfort, and the wet and fast drying work can make the sweat generated quickly and rapidly evaporated from the skin surface and keep the skin dry. Fabric It has UV protection function.

The increasing number of modern sports and the diversity of sports cause the diversity of sportswear. Different sports requirements are different. The functional requirements of the garments are different. We should carry out the specialized design according to the different functional requirements of the sports items. Taking mountaineering clothing, ski suit, swimming costume and bicycle riding clothing as an example, this paper mainly expounds the methods of developing and designing several modern sportswear from two aspects of clothing structure design and fabric selection.

1 style and structural design requirements

1.1 functional design of mountaineering garments

Mountaineering is a sport for athletes to climb from low altitudes to peaks at high altitudes. Mountaineering clothing should be as light, strong, efficient and versatile as possible for design, material selection, materials and production for the convenience of athletes. Mountaineering clothing design should be easy to stretch, facilitate activities, easy to wear off, shoulders, arms and knees are not subjected to too much pressure; the inner garment design pays close attention to comfort, warmth, and outer clothing should have smooth surface, windbreak, waterproof, UV protection and other functions. Functional requirements of detail design: cuff and waist are tight; pockets are large and large with bags, buttons and zippers, so that things in the pockets are not easy to fall out; in order to prevent the snow from falling into the clothes under the bad environment, the windshield skirt or the drawstring is added to the hem or waist of the clothes, and there is a gas zipper under the clothes under the armpit.

1.2 function design of ski suit

Skiing is a movement of athletes in speed, leaping and downhill in the snow. Ski suit is also divided into conjoined ski suit and split ski suit. The conjoined ski suit is relatively simple in structure, comfortable to wear and prevents snow from entering. The skiing jacket is loose and has a belt or drawstring. Trousers are usually designed with high waistband with straps to prevent snow from falling into the ski suit from the waist. The functional requirements of detail design: the length of sleeves should be straight up and slightly longer than the wrist, and the sleeves can not be stretched too tightly, and the cuffs can be tightened. The collar is a close collar to prevent the cold air from entering; the trouser legs have a double-layer structure under the lower ends of the trouser legs, and the inner layer has a loose elastic necking with anti skid rubber, which can be tightly stretched on the ski boots, effectively preventing the snow from entering; the outer layer has a wear-resistant hard lining, which prevents the ski boots from bumping against each other and causing the outer layer to break.

1.3 swimming costume function design

Swimming costumes are constantly updated with the development of high technology. The high-end swimsuits are generally cut by the way of stereo cutting, which requires making close fitting to reduce the resistance of water, and at the same time, it also helps to show the body's bodybuilding. The structure design of the swimsuit complements the elasticity of the fabric and the design of all parts of the body. It is comfortable and has no heavy feeling and sense of constraint. At the same time, according to the ergonomics design, it highlights the human body lines and reduces the water resistance [1].

Functional design of 1.4 cycling clothing

High grade riding clothing requires good protection for the body, adaptability to various external environments and better comfort for the riders. The functional structure design of riding clothing is generally: tight design, reducing the resistance of riding; when riding, the upper part of the human body inclins forward and keeps parallel with the ground, so the front clothing is shorter than the back piece, otherwise it will cause too much fabric overlay before the riding, which will affect the riding movement.

In order to better meet the body's riding posture, the pants in the pants are stitched and attached to the inside of the trousers to reduce the wear and tear of the bicycle seat to the inside of the thighs. In order to better conform to the body's riding posture, it is generally required to cut the standing body. Generally, there are pockets in the back (also in front), and some small items can be placed. The collar type has several following types: the round collar, the V collar, the collar, the small lapel, and the different types of collar according to the different uses of riding sports clothes. For example, when the sun is shining strongly in the climate, the collar can be used to effectively prevent the damage caused by the ultraviolet radiation to the human body, and the design of the collar must fit the neck of the human body. Otherwise, when riding, it is susceptible to wind resistance, resulting in lower self performance. The skate, cuffs and trousers are equipped with skid bands to prevent the tops, sleeves and trousers from slipping upward.

2 selection requirements for functional fabrics

Modern sportswear requires that the fabrics selected should also have special functions. Under the environment of ice, snow, scorching sun, strong wind and rain, sportswear can not only improve the performance of athletes, but also play a protective role in the body. Fabrics generally require antistatic, elastic, gentle skin touch, sweat and warmth retention properties, minimize friction and resistance. High added value, high technology and multi-functional sportswear will become the inevitable product of sports development [2].

2.1 durability

Modern sportswear should have good fastness, including tensile breaking strength, tear strength, crack strength, wear resistance, heat resistance and sun resistance. In modern sports, people often do a lot of movements. This requires that the sportswear has good scalability and increases the range of joint and muscle activities. Therefore, modern sportswear often uses elastic high knitted fabric. For example, LYCRA and TACTEL fabrics are used in swimming apparel and riding apparel. The wearability of sportswear is also a very important index. The Cordura fiber developed by DuPont Co is a kind of jet deformation high strength nylon. This product is light, wear-resistant and durable. Its wear resistance is 2 times that of general jet textured nylon, and its wear resistance is 2~7 times of polyphthalamide, polyacrylic and cotton products.

2.2 comfort performance

After wearing the human body, a certain temperature and humidity environment is formed between the human body and the clothing. The environmental index and the physical and chemical properties of the material determine the comfort level of the human body.

2.2.1 thermal performance

The good warmth retention of sportswear can prevent athletes from getting cold or frostbite under cold conditions, such as skiing and mountaineering. To improve the thermal insulation of fabrics, hollow fibers, which can prevent cold air from entering and emit moisture, can also be applied to fabrics with their own far-infrared fibers. At present, the market is often used by the US 3M company to produce new Thinsulate, and other materials, the thermal performance is better than cotton, down and wool.

2.2.2 waterproof and breathability

Many modern sports are outdoor sports, which may cause athletes to be attacked by wind and rain, such as mountaineering, outdoor running, rowing and other sports, requiring sportswear to have good waterproof and breathability. Waterproof and breathability is the performance of fabric to prevent liquid water from passing through while allowing gaseous water to pass through. It can prevent wind and rain and ensure the dry of human body. At present, most of the fabrics used in the market are made of high count and high density yarns, and fabrics with diaphragm technology, such as GORE-TEX made by famous American Gore company, [3].

2.2.3 hygroscopic and perspiration performance

Hygroscopic and perspiration performance is an important performance index of modern sportswear. After a lot of exercise, if the sweat and heat generated by the body can not be absorbed and discharged in time, the body will feel uncomfortable and even induce symptoms such as colds. The performance of moisture absorption and perspiration is to change the fabric's moisture absorption, moisture release and other properties through fabric structure design or fiber modification. At the same time, it has the characteristics of water absorption and quick drying. The COOLMAX material produced by Ying Weida company is 5 times faster than pure cotton. The CoolDry material produced by Quanzhou Haitian light textile group has strong wicking ability and excellent moisture absorption and quick drying performance.

2.3 special protective properties

Modern sportswear should also have some special protective properties. For example, parachute sportswear can be coated on the surface of the fabric by coating a layer of chemical film that absorbs water molecules, so that a continuous conductive water film will form on the surface of the fabric, so that electrostatic conduction can be dispersed to prevent accidental injuries caused by static electricity. Excessive ultraviolet rays in outdoor sports will threaten human health and harm to the skin. The sportswear with UV resistance will be more and more popular. When running and riding on the road at night, choosing clothing with reflective material can enhance the night vision effect and ensure the safety of the movement.

3 conclusion

Modern sportswear is becoming more and more functional. It can be developed and designed from two aspects: clothing structure and functional fabric. For different sports, the design should aim at the specific sports items, ergonomics characteristics and the environment of the movement, and design different clothing structures and details. In addition, the right choice of functional fabrics can not only improve the usability of sportswear, but also make the wearer feel comfortable and realize the joy brought by sports.