Why Do The Five Problems Open Up The Attractiveness Of The Real Economy?

Editor's note: 30 years ago, we were worried about lack of money. 30 years later, we were worried about too much money.

On the one hand, a large amount of liquidity is flowing in all fields, and everywhere, there is a surge of voice. On the other hand, SMEs are short of money and "shout thirsty". In some areas, there has been signs of hollowing up the real economy, and some entrepreneurs have abandoned the industry and built up capital.

The root of the steady development of an economy lies in the development of the real economy. The trend of putting the cart before the horse in the turn of the industrial economy turns out to be the reverse of the capital operation. If not taken seriously, it will have a great impact on the healthy development of our economy.

Why is the entity economy not favored by capital as before? Where is the problem? This newspaper has interviewed many entrepreneurs. Please listen to their personal experience.

1., profitability is difficult.

The profit margins make the enterprise "a hundred percent".

As the head of a well-known household appliance enterprise in China, he has not been involved in the specific operation of the company for many years. The first thing in his mind is stock, fund, bond, exchange rate and capital operation.

As early as several years ago, he turned his "home appliance kingdom" to his relatives and professional managers.

Among the first generation of private entrepreneurs in the Pearl River Delta, there are many "old yellow cattle" struggling hard in the manufacturing field. They support the prosperity of the "world factory" in the Pearl River Delta.

Entrepreneurs like keen brothers are few, but why are they so interested in investing?

"Now manufacturing profits are too low, the risk of operating pressure is too great."

In the view of brother Ge, the traditional labor-intensive enterprises such as household electrical appliance enterprises are all "porters". The enterprises move parts such as steel plates and copper parts into the factory, then move the finished products out, and earn some "Porter fees" in the middle.

In the early 90s of last century, when the company was founded, that was not the case.

"At that time, the market was in short supply and the profits were considerable. Almost all of them sold one unit to make a profit. At that time, the enterprises grew rapidly and became the top companies in the industry."

Now, such a profit level, such a development opportunity is gone forever.

Today, household electrical appliances enterprises need to manage the necessary expenses of enterprises and the explicit and invisible cost of marketing channels, so that a net profit of 5% can be very good.

Recruitment has been difficult in recent years.

2. sales difficulties

The "rules of the game" in domestic marketing is difficult to adapt, and the supermarket charge accounts for about 20% of the sales, and the order has to be "expressed".

There is an important reason why the company is tired of the "rules of the game" in domestic marketing.

He doesn't smoke or drink, he likes a light life.

But the starting and main products of the enterprises are water heaters, and all the large and medium cities in China are equipped with a set of rules of "one city" and a set of "designated products".

In addition to various "hidden rules" in bidding and appraisal, products are also difficult to enter the retail chain.

In order to enter Carrefour supermarket, a large private food enterprise encountered many "hidden rules".

The manager of Sales Department of the company reflects that the price of Carrefour is very beautiful, mainly including sales rebates, new products into store fees, new shop charges, account opening fees, shop Festival fees, festival fees, display fees for freezer and so on.

"These fees account for about 20% of our sales revenue.

Although the charge is relatively high, it is still within the contract. The most unacceptable is that Carrefour headquarters is very vulnerable to the control and control of the stores, resulting in a lot of fees outside the contract.

He said.

For example, when the sales season is busy, the purchasing staff of Carrefour stores will hint to the salesmen or distributors of the company. If a certain rebate is given, the product of the brand will be more ordered.

The amount of each rebate varies from several thousand to tens of thousands of dollars.

In order to improve our sales performance, we have to agree. "

Manager Wang is very helpless.

Store purchasers sometimes gain benefits by deliberately trying to make people difficult.

"For example, the purchasing chief calls us to order 100 boxes of goods, so that we can deliver them in second days.

If it is not delivered, Carrefour can make a fine on the grounds of breach of contract.

And when delivered on time, the other side often makes things difficult. It means that there is no room for storage now, or that products are not sold well, so we only need to "show".

Manager Wang said.

3. financing difficulties

Bank loans have a high threshold and a long cycle, which simply can not keep up with the demand for funds in front of enterprises.

For Liu Suying, chairman of Fuyang textile and Trading Co., Ltd., Anhui, clothing trade has brought her the first pot of gold into the shopping mall.

But when she told reporters about the development plan of the enterprise, she unexpectedly said "no more industry."

What determined her to make such a decision?

In the late 80s of last century, Liu Suying saw the market demand and put it into the garment processing trade.

"At the very beginning, it was the acquisition of raw materials for clothing dyeing and finishing, and then packaging and sales. Enterprises gradually entered the right track, and also achieved good profits."

Liu Suying introduced.

However, it did not occur to me that by the end of the 90s, the garment processing trade was going downhill.

"The market of the entire textile industry is stagnant, and enterprises have encountered bottlenecks such as personnel, capital, technology and so on, and profits have dropped sharply."

Liu Suying told reporters.

"More importantly, financing for enterprise development is becoming more and more difficult."

Talking about the difficulty of financing, Liu Suying still frowned.

"Once the company needs to enter a batch of goods, has contacted the channel, but still has about 3000000 yuan fund gap, has defeated a company's person."

Liu Suying said, "the threshold of bank loans is high and the cycle is long. It can not keep up with the demand for funds at present, and run to banks repeatedly. The problem is still unsolved.

Finally, there is no way, only to find a friend to borrow money, but 3 million is not a small number, it is difficult to speak and do not say, finally lost a smile to eat, money is still difficult to achieve, enterprises are facing the situation of no rice pot.

"Every field of the industry is becoming more and more mature, and every leading enterprise controls many resources. It is very difficult for them to have a foothold in fierce competition."

After denying the idea of starting other industrial companies, she considered another way out.

4. environmental difference

The project started to land, and the County launched "Tai Chi", which lasted for 3 years.

Investment needs land and needs examination and approval.

However, some local government departments still regard private enterprises as "Tang Seng meat".

A company chairman Zhao Xiaojun told reporters that compared with state-owned and foreign-funded enterprises, private enterprises are still like "stepmother" raised, investment projects have been implemented more "pre" approval, resulting in mixed procedures, many levels, low efficiency, time-consuming, some window departments yamen ten habits, difficult to enter the door, ugly face, difficult things, bad words.

"The support policy is less, and it is easier said than done to do things in a bid."

4 years ago, Zhao Xiaojun went to invest in a county with rich mineral resources and invested hundreds of millions of dollars. When talking about it, the county side expressed support for it. Among them, it promised to approve all kinds of land use procedures for one year, but when the project started to land, the county launched a "Taiji" and said it was not easy to handle.

The leaders who had negotiated at the beginning were very enthusiastic at the beginning. They simply disappeared behind closed doors for 3 years.

"The loss of enterprises is a trivial matter, and the key is to delay development opportunities."

Zhao Xiaojun said that a project often involves dozens of departments such as land, construction, planning, environmental protection, development and Reform Commission, and wants to complete the chapter, no less than running a marathon.

Some of these procedures are necessary, but some can be streamlined.

In addition, running a department, sometimes facing different offices, getting rid of buck passing, is even more exhausting.

Recently, a city withdrew and consolidated administrative examination and approval procedures, and counted more than 600, and finally reduced to more than 100.

"Attracting capital, building up its own achievements, despising follow-up support, worrying about troubles, and afraid to involve more energy are common faults of many local governments."

Zhao Xiaojun believes that private enterprises need more care and care, and they need a sound and sound investment environment.

5. difficult to safeguard rights

The results of innovation are plagiarized, the cost of safeguarding rights is too high and no complaints are available, so that enterprises that focus on pformation and upgrading through innovation are having a headache.

Innovation is the vitality of an enterprise.

The innovative achievements of many enterprises have been plagiarized repeatedly, but safeguarding rights is either too costly or no complaints. It also makes many enterprises who focus on innovation and pformation and upgrading have a headache.

"For the clothing industry" copy edition "phenomenon, our current" rights protection "is powerless.

Zhou Jinsong, President of Guangzhou wheat Europe Garments Co., Ltd.

In the early years of the year, wheat had already broken away from the "export processing" sales mode. Although the production plant was in China, they registered in France and hired French designers.

However, when it comes to the "intellectual property protection" of the clothing industry, Zhou Jinsong shakes his head.

In the early years, he had been excited by others' "copy" behavior, and even complained.

When he attended a fashion fair, he found that there were several styles of clothes which were almost the same as those of their French designers.

He immediately submitted the book to the organizing committee, but he was "stuck" in the complaints section. The Organizing Committee asked them to provide the copyright and patent proof of these clothing styles. He was dumb. He really couldn't get any evidence to prove that these designs belong to their company.

Although patent law, copyright law, anti unfair competition law and trademark law can provide intellectual property protection for garment enterprises, it takes time for each product to apply for patent.

We design thousands of styles every year, and we can not apply for patent protection for every style.

Zhou Jinsong said that they are still in the stage of "law of the soil" in the protection of intellectual property rights, putting the big commodities in the most prominent position in the exhibition hall, placing the new season in the exhibition hall.

The old customers came directly into the room, and the exhibition hall was not allowed to take photos. No new people were allowed to enter. After a while, the new style new design was changed immediately, and the old price was cut down immediately.