Accession To The WTO For Ten Years &Nbsp; Is China's Retail Industry Too Open?

Any institutional arrangement is dividend The "double-edged sword" that coexists with opportunity cost is no exception to China's accession to WTO. There is no doubt that China's accession to the WTO has achieved the golden ten years of China's economic development. At the same time, let us think about whether the Chinese enterprises have become more competitive in the past ten years. Did the WTO accession increase the resistance of economic spanformation? contract "Spiritual and rule consciousness"? Is China's economy "over open" or "insufficient opening"? For this reason, this newspaper specially planned "ten years of WTO entry". Spike phase The idea of introducing the debate will be beneficial to the future development of China's economy. As Cai Yuanpei said, "diversity is more expensive than disagreement."

Retail industry is the earliest and most thorough industry for foreign investment. It has been 19 years since the establishment of the first Sino foreign joint venture - Yansha friendship mall in China. For the common people, we have enjoyed the convenience of opening shelves and selling goods. For enterprises, the form of foreign capital retail extends from the first tier cities to the county-level cities. In the "dancing with Wolves", local retailers are learning to strengthen themselves and compete with foreign investors for the national market. What is the situation of Chinese and foreign retail enterprises in the ten years after joining the WTO? Where should China's local retail enterprises relate to the control of channel circulation?

Dialogue guests

Huang Guoxiong, Professor of Renmin University of China

Pei Liang, Secretary General of China Chain Store Association

Hong Tao, Ministry of Commerce, market operation regulation expert

Chen Liping, director of marketing department, School of business administration, Capital University of Economics and Business

Wu Jianzhong, chairman of Wumart group

General manager, Dan Shou Shang, China

Key words: marketing mode

Foreign capital retail has brought us new formats and ways of consumption. With strong financial strength, advanced technology and management experience, they have opened up territory in the Chinese market, and local enterprises are constantly learning from competition. In the past ten years, the local enterprises have "learned the skills to make foreigners", or have they learned the fur by cutting corners?

Square

"The level of internationalization has improved significantly".

Hong Tao: foreign capital enters the Chinese market, so that domestic retailers can learn business operation and management experience from close quarters, and the level of internationalization has been significantly improved. Domestic retail enterprises are not eaten by foreign retail enterprises as they were worried about, but they have formed large scale retail enterprises such as Gome, Suning, Bailian and so on.

Pei Liang: in the process of opening up, local retail enterprises have learned a lot of useful experience in front-end promotion and logistics technology through imitation of formats. But local enterprises adhere to the strategy of regionalization development, and the characteristics of low cost, low investment and rapid formation of scale are more prominent, which is different from foreign capital. This is a successful experience for local enterprises.

Dan: now that China has entered the WTO for ten years, not only a foreign retailer can be single, but on the contrary, the domestic retail enterprises have formed many large scale retail enterprises by learning new ideas constantly. However, this does not mean that domestic retailers have learned the advanced business philosophy of foreign retailers. At present, there are still some aspects of domestic retail enterprises to be improved, and domestic enterprises still have some shortcomings in some retail formats.

con side

"Only learning from fur should be introspection".

Chen Liping: the retail industry has been liberalized from the mid 90s of last century, especially in the ten years after entering the WTO. The first five years were worshiped, and now it is basically imitation stage.

Domestic retail enterprises basically imitate the European and American countries in terms of store form and profit pattern. At present, the profit model of the retail enterprises taking the admission fee as the core is learned from the European and American enterprises, and the joint mode is learned from Japan.

The focus of retail business is not on business, but on admission fees. Commodity selection technology and operation technology are lacking, and enterprise profits are not earned by turnover of goods. It should be noted that domestic retail enterprises also have innovations in the process of imitation, such as agricultural super docking and joint venture system. Now domestic retail enterprises begin to imitate themselves.

Pei Liang: now there is a big gap between the operation efficiency and foreign capital of the local enterprises. This has the problem of insufficient investment. It only learns from the surface. This is what enterprises need to reflect on. On the other hand, the gap between local enterprises and foreign capital starts, and there is a gap between financing ability and financing environment. This is also more prominent. {page_break}

Key words: channel control

Business competition in twenty-first Century is a battle of channels. Foreign retail giants have begun to lay out two or three line cities after stabilizing the domestic first tier market. Foreign brands are also regarded as top guests by local governments and developers. When people's foreign investment is in full swing, have our circulation channels and commodities begun to rely heavily on foreign-funded enterprises? Will the power comparison between channel terminals endanger the whole industrial chain?

Square

"No foreign capital can occupy the national market".

Huang Guoxiong: the introduction of foreign investment must consider which places have the affordability and purchasing power instead of concentrating on blind development in a certain area. Although a number of retail businesses have failed to withstand the impact of bankruptcy during the ten years of WTO accession, it has a certain relationship with the enterprises themselves. Now a number of enterprises have grown up and developed. Besides, the Chinese market is a Chinese market. Don't worry that foreign investment will occupy the domestic retail market. The market capacity of the Chinese market is large, and no foreign capital can occupy the national market.

Hong Tao: in the past ten years, China has not quoted many foreign capital. In the 11 years since -2010 in 2000, the wholesale market and retail industry introduced 39051 foreign investment, accounting for 10.6% of the total number of projects in the country. However, the total amount of foreign capital utilized is 26 billion 740 million US dollars, accounting for 3.4% of the total foreign capital utilized by the whole country. Although the number of foreign investment projects accounted for 10.6%, the actual utilization of foreign capital accounts for a relatively low proportion. From the perspective of enterprises, no foreign capital can control China's retail channels, and its status and role can hardly be compared with those of large local enterprises.

Business has been open to the outside world for 19 years, and the upcoming domestic trade development and planning still adhere to reform and opening up. Opening up is not over. The reform in the future will adhere to the policy of "letting go but having the ability to manage, but not die", and choose funds, technology, management, and other areas to open up. To change the past super national treatment of foreign capital, we should manage the national treatment. It has adopted a series of strict regulations and management on WAL-MART, Carrefour and so on. It is just strengthening management rather than discrimination.

con side

"Channels have hidden worries that are controlled by foreign capital".

Wu Jianzhong: whether the opening of retail industry is too bad is settled, but the strength comparison between domestic and foreign retail enterprises is obvious. With the development of chain enterprises to a certain extent, integration and merger will take place, and the competition between capital and management strength will be involved. Regional retail enterprises with regional development will not be able to compare with foreign capital.

Retail enterprises are related to channel circulation. If foreign capital controls circulation channels through merger and acquisition, and then controls consumer goods industry in turn, attention should be paid to it.

Pei Liang: in some important areas, the expansion speed and scale of foreign capital will be stronger. Local enterprises will further shrink, such as large supermarkets, convenience stores and clothing retail channels, which are closely related to the daily life of the people. Take the popular clothing retail as an example, previously developed brands such as crocodiles have been replaced by foreign brands such as ZARA, H&M and UNIQLO. Many local clothing brands are obviously at a disadvantage in competition with foreign brands, which requires relevant departments to have a forward-looking interest in this issue. However, foreign capital will not be monopolized. Because the competition between foreign capital in the Chinese market is also fierce. At the same time, local enterprises have formed certain regional advantages, and foreign capital can not be monopolized in all regions.

Chen Liping: it is unscientific to measure the proportion of foreign capital in terms of retail sales of consumer goods. More attention should be paid to the formats such as hypermarkets and convenience stores which are closely related to daily life. In these formats, foreign capital accounts for a large proportion. {page_break}

Key words: fair competition

In the face of surging foreign retail businesses, should we let the retail market become more market-oriented or properly guide the development of local enterprises?

Square

"Targeted support for local enterprises"

Hong Tao: in the next five years or even ten years, our country will cultivate super large retail enterprises with retail sales exceeding 200 billion yuan.

Pei Liang: supporting the development of large local retail enterprises can improve circulation efficiency. Local retail enterprises are not very good in financing channels, and short term financing is relatively small. At the same time, we should also see that the financial strength of local enterprises is difficult to compare with foreign capital, which limits the development of local enterprises to a certain extent.

Huang Guoxiong: our business is based on small and medium-sized enterprises, while supporting the development of large enterprises, but we should pay attention to the development of community and small businesses.

At present, the consumption level of our country is distinctly separated. Different service groups of different formats have different division of labor. Large shopping malls can not replace the role of small businesses in urban and rural areas.

con side

"Fair competition environment should be provided".

Pei Liang: in the policy level of opening up the retail industry, the problem of super national treatment of foreign investment is worth reflecting.

Chen Liping: we should also consider providing a fair external competition environment for enterprises. Local governments give super national treatment when they introduce foreign capital for their achievements. Real estate developers tend to reach strategic cooperative relations with foreign capital in order to shorten their business period. To a certain extent, commercial real estate developers have led the distribution of outlets and formats, resulting in excessive competition in commercial outlets in some areas, while commercial blind spots exist in some areas, and residents can not enjoy the convenience of commercial outlets.

Lack of business planning or policy regulation is an urgent problem for retailers. After all, business has strong social and urban functions. In business planning, the government should better play the role of referee, ensure fair competition and reasonable layout.