Shoe Enterprises Are Faced With A Choice: Relocation, Upgrading, Or Job Transfer?

In January 2008, the new labor contract law was formally implemented. In addition, environmental tax will be studied and levied this year, and the arrival of "Lewis turning point" has made it difficult to recruit workers for nearly four years. Under the triple constraints of environment, resources and labor force, the overall fission of "made in China" has really begun. Labor intensive enterprises with an average profit margin of about 8% are standing at the crossroads of life and death. In the previous year, thousands of shoe-making factories in the Pearl River Delta had closed down due to the impact of RMB appreciation, the combination of two taxes and the reduction of export tax rebate. Dongguan, known as the "shoe capital of the world", is experiencing the pain and hope of transformation together with the manufacturing industry in China. move? Upgrade? Change? Entrepreneurs and the government must "work out a way of blood". Shenzhen's search for the direction of urban development is a typical example of the transformation of the Pearl River Delta. As early as the middle and late 1990s, under the constraints of land, water, electricity and other resources, Shenzhen relocated its rough processing industry to develop high-tech industries, thus creating Shenzhen's experience of "one skin" between R & D and market. Opportunities are coming, and the footsteps of the gem have been clearly heard, which will cast a "deep-water power bomb" for Shenzhen's innovation system, so as to make Shenzhen's high-tech pillar industries obtain the foundation of endless growth.. even for pioneers like Shenzhen, the relocation process of enterprises continues. Although Shenzhen, as a first tier city, has gradually bid farewell to the low end of the global value chain, processing trade is still a classic profit model for enterprises in other second tier cities. The accusation of "sweatshop" and the large-scale product recall due to quality problems last year are all rooted in the severe situation of "made in China" at the low end of the global value chain. With the increasing production cost and the factory price which is cruelly suppressed by purchasers, survival, rather than quality, innovation and brand building, has become the most important issue. Giant retailers at the terminals, multinational purchasers with first-hand overseas market information, and design offices that meet the latest needs of overseas consumers constitute a life and death obstacle that Chinese manufacturers are extremely difficult to overcome. This is the market power structure that makes China the world's migrant workers. There will be no difference between coastal areas and inland areas. Even if they move to Southeast Asian countries like Vietnam, Thailand or India, in addition to the lower cost of raw materials and labor, the test of industrial matching and market environment will be more severe. based on the security of design, procurement, manufacturing, human resources, market information and even goodwill formed by industrial clusters, the cost of relocation is very high. Therefore, as long as the external environment is not very difficult, entrepreneurs are generally not willing to move lightly. For them, the better choice is to go to the mainland or other low-cost countries to "lay out sites" and increase new production capacity, while leaving the "base" in the location of industrial clusters. This is also a natural process of market expansion and industrial transfer. If the policy changes or the changes of external market rules are too violent, such a natural process will be destroyed, and even the industrial chain may be interrupted. In terms of the "city of porcelain" and "the city of shoes", the "city of porcelain" and "the city of shoes" have the ability to compete with each other step by step. At the same time, due to the standardization of products and trading procedures, as well as the rise of e-commerce in recent years, the transaction costs have been greatly reduced and the trading channels have been widened day by day. Chinese manufacturers should obtain a more independent market position, from a certain dependent market relationship to a market of free choice of buyers The evolution of field relations. This is also the decision-making basis for Foshan, Shunde and other cities to strive to build "headquarters economy" at the same time of production capacity relocation. Since it is the headquarters, it must be the base for command, creativity and information concentration, and the low-end manufacturing part will be transferred to low-cost areas. However, where is it transferred? The so-called "rich first, rich later", the meaning of the grand reform path design at the beginning of the reform is particularly obvious today. This is neither the selfless help of Lei Feng, nor can it be promoted by a single national decree. Every entrepreneur will calculate the cost, possible risks and benefits more carefully than the government. After the painful choice of "moving or not moving", the "Vietnam or Hunan" will become a new problem. Xie Guozhong once proposed in September 2007 that China should build a freight dedicated railway through Jiangxi, Hunan and Hubei to Shenzhen Yantian port, and set up stations in the main industrial parks along the way, so as to realize the seamless connection between ocean shipping and railway transportation. ——This is not necessarily a proposal worthy of serious consideration. What it refers to is the hardware construction required by the central government for the realization of "the rise of the central region" and even the "western development". to realize the seamless connection of the industrial gradient between the coastal areas and the mainland, increase the consumption and production capacity of the mainland residents, and form an endogenous small cycle based on the 1.3 billion consumer market in addition to the large cycle of international import and export, which is really related to the overall situation of China's economy in the next decade. "made in China" upgrade and transfer, one and two sides. In fact, at the top of "made in China", Lenovo, Haier and TCL have all made great strides towards overseas markets. In 2008, the company announced that "the company of Wuxi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is going through a painful transformation in the field of pharmaceutical products in Wuxi, and the company is going through a painful transformation in the field of pharmaceutical products in China, and maybe" the company is going through a painful transformation in the field of pharmaceutical products in Wuxi, and the company is moving to China " The future of "made in China".