The Main Reason Affecting The Decrease Of Cotton Planting Area In Shaanxi

Cotton is a traditional dominant crop in Dali County of Shaanxi. In recent years, with the increase of cotton planting benefits, the area of cotton planting has been expanding. Due to various reasons such as continuous cropping, hybrid varieties, good seed laws and frequent occurrence of disastrous weather, cotton yields have been decreasing year after year, and cotton yield has been decreasing year by year.

In recent years, there are more disastrous weather in the whole growth stage of cotton.

There were varying degrees of gale and hail attacks in 2005 and 2006.

At the end of May 2005, the cotton fields that just emerged in Anren and the Yellow River beach in Dali County were hit by hail, and they were broken into heavy stalks and light blades.

Then the cotton growth was restored by strengthening the management of water and fertilizer, but after the growth period was postponed, the yield was 5%~10% 15~20 later than that of normal cotton.

The severe wind and hail in the past ten years in June 25, 2006 has caused hail disaster to seven villages and towns, such as Feng Cun, Nian Qiao, Po he, and so on. The yield of the victims is reduced by 15%~20%, and the damaged weight is reduced by 30%~35%.

Some could not even save, but had to plant other crops.

In the early 2007, the temperature was low, the illumination was not enough, the temperature was not good enough, the cotton bolls and the rotten bolls increased.

In 2008, temperature and light were not conducive to the growth of cotton in the important growth period (flowering and boll stage).

On the 20-26 day of May this year, the Dali monitoring station in Shaanxi conducted an investigation of the actual sown area of the cotton in 2012 at 50 locality points in the locality. The results showed that the actual cotton planting area in 2012 was 50 mu, 92 mu in 2012, and 77 Mu less than that in 2011, with a reduction of 45.6%.

It is understood that the main reasons for the substantial decrease in the area of the local cotton sown area are:

1, the local cotton market is earlier, after the introduction of the purchase and storage plan, cotton seed cotton sales progress has been more than 95%.

The average net income of cotton growers in 2010 was 1840 yuan, so cotton growers expanded their planting area in 2011. However, prices declined all the way. The purchase price of cotton seed at the same level decreased by 0.50-0.65 yuan / Jin compared with that in 2010, and the increase in physical and chemical inputs and frequent natural disasters caused net income per mu to be 927 yuan, a decrease of 910 yuan compared with 2010.

2. In recent years, local cotton planting is mostly continuous cropping, mainly single film and machine sowing. Cotton varieties are mixed with low yield per unit area. In addition, the cotton quality is affected by the rainy weather in cotton during the boll opening period, and the cotton yield is reduced by 20% of the 3 grade cotton and the cotton planting efficiency of cotton growers is reduced.

3, the number of enterprises involved in cotton purchasing has been decreasing year by year. There are 13 400 cotton enterprises in Weinan area, including 10 in Dali County. With the reduction of seed cotton resources, only 3 enterprises were involved in the acquisition in 2011, and the purchase amount was not large. Only 1 enterprises were involved in the national storage, and the number of storage stocks was less than 300 tons.

The other more than 10 200 type enterprises are affected by factors such as shortage of funds and poor quality of seed cotton.

4, a large number of rural young labor force to go out to work, the labor force is seriously insufficient, and other crops such as wheat, corn and other crops are used more mechanically, saving labor and time. In recent years, the area of watermelon and fruit trees has increased a lot, and the economic efficiency is 3-5 times that of cotton.