The Development Of New Technology Has Spawned The Birth Of New Materials In The Textile Industry.

In recent years,

The research in the field is very active and fast.

In pairs

In terms of utilization, new uses have been continuously developed in addition to major medical and cosmetic aspects.

The new uses mainly focus on the unique macroscopic physical properties of collagen, that is, fiber properties.

Paper, packaging materials and other fields.

Collagen, a natural protein widely found in animal skin, bone, cartilage, teeth, tendons, ligaments and blood vessels, is a very important structural protein in connective tissue.

Collagen is a fibrous protein twisted by 3 titanium chains. It has strong toughness, thermal stability and mechanical strength. Collagen in different tissues has different characteristics and has unique functions.

In 2011, it was declared by the Department of textile engineering of Henan Institute of Engineering and approved by the Zhengzhou science and Technology Bureau to establish the research on the spinning performance of collagen fiber in Zhengzhou.

This research project has done research on the spinning properties of collagen modified synthetic fiber produced by Shanghai Quan Yu biotechnology Zhumadian Suiping Co., Ltd.

Under the guidance of Su Yuheng, the textile department, using the experimental instrument of the Textile Laboratory of Henan Institute of Engineering and the cotton spinning experimental machine of the training center of Henan Institute of Engineering, with the help of the teachers of the laboratory, all the properties of the collagen fiber were tested, the spinning experiments and the testing and analysis of the spinning properties of Zhao Yongqi fiber were made, and the conclusion that the fiber had spinnability was obtained.

The structure of collagen is composed of three peptide chains. Its unique structure and chemical composition make it have many unique functions, such as biodegradability, fiber forming properties, hemostasis, immunological properties, ionic and macromolecular binding properties, electrostatic properties and so on.

Collagen unique

Make collagen in medicine, cosmetics, food, chemical raw materials,

And so on.

Collagen fibrils obtained from animal bones, such as collagen fibers from the bone glue of bovine flexor tendon, have high strength and can be used as medical sutures. The suture line can be absorbed by tissue after enzymatic hydrolysis, with good biological adaptability, no antigenicity, and good absorption of raw materials.

Cosmetics made from collagen can promote skin metabolism, enhance circulation, moisturize skin and keep skin moist.

In food processing, collagen can be made into sausage casing, and then processed into small collagen food by mixing, shaping, drying and frying.

Because collagen fibers are sound-absorbing, micro elastic and wear resistant, Japan uses collagen fiber, synthetic fiber and plant fiber to produce special wallpaper in a certain proportion.

Collagen is mainly used in textile field to modify other fibers.

Collagen fiber production, first of all, extract collagen from animal skin, cartilage and other raw materials.

At present, the main methods of extracting collagen are acid, alkali, salt, enzyme and synthesis.

Some special uses of collagen are further purified.

Natural collagen fiber materials generally can not fully meet the needs of people's real life. High purity collagen fibers are easy to degrade, and the strength of spun silk is too low.

Therefore, collagen fibers are mostly modified by collagen.

When the mass ratio of collagen to acrylonitrile is 2: 98, the polymerization solution has good spinnability, such as the blend of collagen and polyacrylonitrile.

Collagen was isolated from animal skins or leather industrial waste, and then grafted with acrylic acid monomer with a mass fraction of 20% and mixed with polyvinyl alcohol with a mass fraction of 18%, stirring for 2 hours at 70 degrees Celsius, blended with silk at a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius. After wet spinning, solidification, stretching and acetal treatment, collagen /PVA composite fibers with good moisture absorption and dyeing properties were prepared.

The fiber used in the project is developed and produced by Shanghai Quan Yu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and is a new type of fiber with independent intellectual property rights. Its raw materials are animal protein, hydroxyl and cyanide polymers.

The principle of production is to extract collagen by acid hydrolysis, and change the spatial structure of collagen fiber to make it suitable for grafting with hydroxyl and cyano based polymers under suitable conditions.

In spinning process, drafting enables fiber macromolecules to reach a certain degree of orientation. Then the tow is curled, heat set, cut off, and so on, and becomes the collagen fiber for textile. Its total amino acid content is 12.35%.

The whole production process is basically pollution-free for environment, air, human body, soil and water quality. The fiber itself is biodegradable and belongs to the green environmental protection fiber.

In order to have a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the morphological characteristics and physical and chemical properties of collagen fibers, a comprehensive performance test of the fiber was carried out.

Experimental apparatus: Y171 type fiber cutter, electronic balance, biomicroscope, LLY-06B type electronic fiber strength tester, Y151 type fiber friction coefficient instrument, YG362 type crimp elastic instrument, magnifying glass type YG747 ventilation type fast eight basket constant temperature oven, YG321 type fiber specific resistance tester and accessories.

Through the analysis of the length, fineness, strength, friction factor, crimping property, specific resistance, moisture regain, oil content, and thermal properties of the collagen fiber, the following conclusions are drawn:

In the spinning process, the relative humidity of the workshop has little effect on the strength of the fiber; the friction coefficient of the collagen protein fiber is lower than that of other fibers, and the difference between the dynamic and static friction coefficient is small, so that the yarn's cohesion is poor, loosely and easily broken, and the yarn twist or proper amount of oil is added to the spinning process. The number of crimp is larger, which can make up for the weakness of the yarn's holding force because of the small friction factor of the fiber. The moisture regain of the fiber is larger than that of the chemical fiber, and the mass resistance is also smaller. The length and fineness of the fiber are suitable for spinning fine tex yarn. The breaking strength is relatively high, and the yarn strength and strength of the yarn are better than that of the dry yarn.

Collagen helps improve yarn evenness.

The yarn of 14.6tex and 21tex is made up of 1 groups and 2 groups. The eight tube yarns are numbered A1, B1, C1, D1 and A2, B2, C2 and D2.

The tensile strength, Mao Yu and evenness of blended yarns were tested respectively.

Experimental instruments: YG061 - 1500 single yarn strength tester, YG171 yarn hairiness tester YG135 dry evenness analyzer.

The test results of blended yarn can be seen that there is a certain gap between the yarn data and the grading standard of yarn. This is mainly due to the large discrepancy between the small experimental machine used in spinning and the machinery in the workshop, which affects the quality of the yarn to a certain extent.

However, it is not difficult to see the difference between yarns of different fineness and mixture ratio.

One is the same group of blended yarns. With the increase of collagen fiber content, the breaking strength of blended yarns increases gradually, and the elongation at break of yarns increases.

Two, pure wool yarn has more hairiness than blended yarn. In the same blended yarn with the same density, it can be seen that the mixing ratio of collagen fiber is bigger, and the yarn hairiness index is smaller. At the same time, it can be seen that the mixing ratio of collagen fiber is the same, and the yarn hairiness of yarn is larger when the yarn density of blended yarn is large.

Three, it is concluded that the properties of collagen fibers are beneficial to improve the evenness of blended yarns. However, the yarn evenness of these yarns has not been improved obviously. This may be due to the poor loosening of collagen fibers on small test machines, the poor fiber separation and the poor performance of raw cotton, and the processing and mechanical properties.

From the above three experimental data, we can conclude that the collagen fiber used in this experiment is a good spinnable fiber.

The resultant blended yarn has stronger strength and larger elongation at break. When the mixture of collagen fibers is relatively large, the Mao Yu of the yarn has been improved; the excellent properties of collagen can improve the evenness of yarn.

Collagen fiber has hemostatic function.

Collagen fiber has many unique advantages, so it has special uses and has hemostatic function. It can produce medical bandages and emergency tourniquet.

At the same time, the fibers are soft and smooth, have good skin affinity and certain antibacterial properties, and can be used to produce close clothing.

But considering the high price of collagen fiber production, we choose to mix other ingredients.

Collagen fibers are similar to natural linear polymers of plant fibers, while ordinary medical bandages and underwear are often produced by cotton fiber. Therefore, collagen fiber and cotton fiber blend are selected.

The small cotton spinning prototype produced by Donghua University is used for spinning.

The sample machine has 4 mechanical components: DHU A202 type blowing carding prototype, DHU A301 parallel drawing machine, DHU C01 type cotton roving test machine, DHU X01 type cotton spinning experimental machine.

Process principles and process parameters of each process

The first is the carding process: the "light weight, low speed, quick pfer, less damage, small tension drafting, light beating multi combing" principle.

Because the collagen fiber has good bulking property, it should not be overweighted, otherwise it will easily clog the bell mouth. The fiber length uniformity, short lint, no impurity and poor cohesion will reduce the speed of the cotton opener properly. If the doffer speed is reduced properly, the carding load can be lighten.

The two is the drawing process: adopting low speed, heavy pressure, medium quantitative and large spacing technology principles.

To ensure that the blending ratio is accurate and the mixture is homogeneous, a total of four parallel drawing processes are adopted first and then the three way.

Arrange cotton and collagen strips according to different blending ratio.

The three is roving process: use the principle of "heavy pressure, slow speed and proper large twist" to properly enlarge the roller spacing.

Four is the spinning process: "small spacing, medium pressure, low speed, small back zone drafting, large rear roller spacing, medium hardness cots" as the process principle.

According to the above process principles and technological parameters, two kinds of linear density of 14.6tex and 21tex were produced on the experimental machine, and the collagen fibers with 0% 30%4, 10%, 20%, and eight different kinds of blending ratios were respectively prepared.

With the continuous improvement of people's living standard and quality, collagen fiber is a kind of

The research and application of sex fiber will be more extensive.

Collagen resources will be more reasonably used by people.

Medical suture is a linear material for human surgical suture.

From the perspective of material development, it has experienced silk thread, catgut, synthetic line and pure natural collagen suture.

According to the source of raw materials, medical suture can be divided into two types: natural suture (animal tendon suture, catgut, silk and cotton silk) and artificial suture (nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, PGA, stainless steel wire and metal tantalum wire).

With the gradual improvement of people's living standard and the constant pursuit of beauty, it is now more inclined to choose pure natural collagen suture with better absorption effect, stronger pulling force and better comprehensive performance.

The pure natural collagen suture line is made from special animal tendon tissue. It has many characteristics of collagen material. Compared with other sutures, it has unique functions such as good absorption, strong pulling, and promoting wound healing.