Classification And Properties Of Wool Fibers

Wool fibers include cotton wool, goat hair, rabbit hair, and so on.

Sheep wool, commonly known as wool, is an important raw material in the textile industry.

On the skin of sheep, they are produced inhomogeneously.

In a cluster of wool, there is a thick heterogeneous hair and several clusters of dozens of fine clusters of hair around it, forming a hairy cluster.

The shape and quality of wool clusters are important signs of wool quality.

Wool fibers can be classified according to the following methods

1. classified according to fiber types.

(homogenous wool): each hair bundle of homogenous wool is made up of the same kind of wool fiber. The fiber length and linear density are basically the same.

The quality of homogenous wool is excellent. Xinjiang fine wool and Merino wool from various countries belong to homogenous wool.

Heterogenous hairs: the hairs of different hairs consist of two or more than two types of wool fibers.

The heterogenous wool is divided into various series according to the gross cavity hair content.

Its quality is inferior to homogenous wool.

2. classification by fiber structure.

Villi: the villi without medullary layer, the line density is very fine, in which the fiber diameter below 30 mu m is fine villi; the diameter of 30 ~ 52.5 mu m of the rough villi.

Good quality and good performance.

Type two hair: type two hair has discontinuous medullary layer, fiber thickness difference is bigger, fiber performance is worse than fluff.

Coarse hairs: the hairs have a continuous medullary layer, and the fibers are thick and long, with a diameter of more than 52.5 m and poor spinning performance.

Dead hair: the proportion of dead pulp is large, the fiber is very thick, the diameter is over 75 m, the strength is low, and there is no spinning value.

In addition, coarse cavities are collectively referred to as coarse hairs and cavities.

Our country stipulates that under the 500 times microscope projector, the length of medullary cavity is more than 25mm, and the width is

1/3 above the diameter is cavities.

Wool can be divided into spring hair, autumn hair and hairy wool according to the shearing season.

The main physical and chemical properties of wool fibers

Linear density and length linear density are the most important quality indicators of wool.

The thinner the wool, the more uniform density, higher strength, more crimp and Hikaruzawa Youwa.

The linear density of wool is quite different. The finest villus diameter is about 7 m, and the coarser can reach 240 m directly. The diameter of merino wool is 18~27 m.

Commonly used wool yarn density index has average diameter, quality branch number and so on.

According to the spinning equipment, technical level and the quality requirements of wool yarn at the end of the nineteenth Century, the number of quality branches was referred to as the number of quality combed wool yarn that could be spun out of all kinds of linear density wool.

With the development of science and technology, the quantity of quality has gradually lost its original meaning.

At present, it only represents the wool linear density index in a certain range of diameter.

Wool length is second only to line density in technology.

The length of wool is divided into natural length and straightening length.

The length of natural bundles under natural curl is used to indicate the length of hair clusters.

The length of elongation is the length of wool after curling. It is mainly used in textile technology.

The length indexes of wool include: average length, main length, effective length, short hair rate, etc.

Crimp and crimp crimp refers to the natural periodic bending of wool in the length direction. It is an important process characteristic of wool and has great influence on yarn quality and fabric style.

Woolen finish refers to the characteristics of wool gradually shrinking and intertwined and interwoven under the action of damp heat and mechanical external force.

It is related to the scale of wool and its excellent elasticity.

The woollen fabric is compact and full of suede, which increases durability and warmth retention.

However, the presence of shrinkage also affects the dimensional stability of fabrics when used, so some products need to be shrink proof.

The strength of strong stretch and elastic wool fibers is

The lowest breaking length is only 9 to 18km, and the elongation of wool is the largest in natural fibers. The elongation of fracture can reach 25% to 35%, and the elasticity of wool is excellent.

The moisture absorption ability of hygroscopic wool is very large, and the moisture regain can reach 16% under general atmospheric conditions.

It absorbs moisture up to 40% in very humid air and still has no moisture.

Acid resistant alkaline wool has good stability and resistance to acid, but it is unstable to alkali.

Alkali has a great damage to wool keratin.

Other wool knitted fabrics have better light fastness and poor heat resistance, but mold is not resistant to moth eaten.