Preparation Of Functional Textiles

The functional requirements of textiles are different from those used for different purposes.

The method is also varied, involving not only textile and dyeing and finishing industries, but also chemical fiber and fine chemical industries.

To make conventional textiles functional, it can be achieved through the following ways: first, the development of functional textiles with special functions by taking some special fibers and functional fibers.

For example, the new composite functional textiles, such as colored cotton, bamboo fiber, natural fibers, cashmere, camel hair, hair and other special natural protein fibers, antibacterial fibers and flame retardant fibers, are used as raw materials.

The two is the functional finishing of textiles, that is, finishing the finishing process of fibers, yarns and fabrics with finishing agents, such as functional finishing, coating or modification, to give the products the required functions.

For example, the durable oil and water repellent fabric with organic fluorine finishing, waterproof and windproof and moisture permeable fabric produced by PTFE coating, antibacterial fabric finished with antibacterial agent, etc.

The three is to develop high performance textiles, such as super high strength, high modulus and heat resistant materials, for the development of special functional textiles, such as aramid products, high temperature resistant clothing and so on.

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The corresponding functional textiles are produced by conventional production process.

Functional fiber, also known as high function fiber and new fiber, has the function of "fiber, fabric and clothing" and has some special functions at the same time.

In addition, functional fibers sometimes give new special functions to fibers in general form and function, so broadly speaking, they also include high sensitive fibers, high-performance fibers and high functional fibers.

The preparation of functional fibers is mostly based on the following methods or methods: the surface processing of fibers, that is, by chemical or physical means to endow natural fibers and chemical fibers with some new special functions.

Surface processing includes surface treatment and resin finishing.

For example, the preparation of antistatic fibers is surface treatment.

In the treatment, ionic complexation can be used and treated with cationic antistatic agent on the surface of the fiber, then treated with anionic antistatic agent, so that the surface of the fiber is covered by the complex of the anion and cationic surfactants, thereby achieving the effect of moisture absorption and antistatic.

Resin finishing is a kind of resin with certain functions, such as antistatic, flame retardant, etc., which is adhered to the surface of the fiber by dip, rolling, melting and drying, forming a very thin protective film, so that the fiber has some function.

Conventional synthesis

The material is modified by adding a functional additive through co mixing and composite spinning. This functional additive is evenly dispersed in the fiber so that the fiber has some special functions.

The new composite spinning technology can also be used to produce ultrafine fibers and skin core fibers with different internal and external functions.

The function of this kind of functional fiber can be related to far-infrared, anti ultraviolet, anti radiation, antibacterial, antistatic, negative ions, conductive and so on. Fiber is mainly made of polyester and polypropylene, and its varieties include filament and staple fiber.

In recent years, various functional fibers with various inorganic nanomaterials as additives have shown a good momentum of development.

The polymer structure is partly changed by copolymerization and some special functions of polymers are obtained.

For example, the introduction of hydrophilic and conductive components on the main chain of hydrophobic synthetic macromolecules can improve the electrical conductivity of the fiber to a certain extent.