How To Maintain The Hollow Degree Of Kapok Fibers With Nonwoven Technology

< p > the non-woven technology is used to manufacture < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/" > Natural kapok fiber < /a > polyester fiber into products with stable structure and properties. The performance of products such as surface density, thickness, thickness CV value, permeability, thermal insulation and compression elasticity is experimentally analyzed.

The results show that the nonwoven technology can be used for processing kapok fibers, and the technology can reasonably maintain the hollowness of kapok fibers.

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< p > with the rapid growth of textile fiber consumption, the relative reduction of cultivated land area, the sharp decline of oil resources and the rising cost of raw materials, mankind has to find new renewable fiber resources.

Kapok trees are resistant to barren land. They can be planted in vast rocky desertification areas. Kapok fiber is the fruit fiber of kapok tree. The development and utilization of kapok make it the fifth type of natural textile fiber after cotton, wool, silk and hemp. It is of great significance for fifth kinds of natural fibers.

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< p > kapok fiber is the finest, lightest, highest hollowness, and the most prominent fiber in the natural fiber. Its fineness is only 1/2 of cotton fiber. Its hollow rate is as high as 94 to 95%. It has the characteristics of smooth, antibacterial, moth proofing, mildew proof, light and soft, no entanglement, no water penetration, no heat conduction, warmth retention, moisture absorption and moisture conduction.

Kapok fiber is short in length, low in strength, and contains a lot of waxes. Its surface is smooth. It is not easy to rotate, has poor cohesion and lacks elasticity. It is difficult to spin separately. Many years of research mainly focused on the blending of kapok fiber and cotton fiber.

However, due to the long technological process of traditional textile processing technology and large damage to fiber, the extremely thin cell wall of kapok fiber and the high school air original ecological structure are damaged to varying degrees in the process of high-energy drafting, twisting and sizing. The fiber cavity is squashed, and its superiority is difficult to exert.

The technological process of nonwoven processing is short, which can better maintain the original ecological structure of kapok fiber.

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< p > the non-woven technology is used to mix the kapok and other fibers into a product with a stable structure. The properties of the products are tested and analyzed, and the feasibility and superiority of the kapok fiber nonwovens processing are studied.

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< p > experimental operation, key data < /p >

< p > raw material and process < /p >

< p > kapok: the fiber length is 3mm~34mm, the linear density is 0.8dtex, and the strength is 1.4CN.

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< p > polyester: the length of the fiber is 64mm, the linear density is 0.167dtex~0.667dtex, and the strength is 3.8CN~5.3CN.

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< p > raw material ratio: in this paper, kapok fiber and polyester fiber are used as raw materials, of which kapok fiber quality ratio is 60%, polyester fiber mass ratio is 40%.

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< p > < a > preparation process < /a > nonwoven needling process.

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< p > preparation < /p >

< p > KYKY2800-B scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the apparent structure of knitted, woven and nonwoven products obtained from different processing methods, as shown in Figure 1.

As can be seen from Figure 1, knitting and weaving traditional textile processing methods need to spin fibers into yarn, then weave yarns or weave them into one another to form products. The technological process is long, the damage to fibers is large, the cavity structure of kapok fibers is seriously squashed, and fibers are flat in the products. Nonwovens Technology uses special soft pretreatment technology to open and separate fibers from kapok fibers, and then directly reinforces them into products. It does not require drafting and twisting yarns. The process is short, and the damage to fibers is small. It can better maintain the original ecological structure of kapok fiber high dimension.

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< p > using conventional short fiber pretreatment technology to process kapok fiber, and then using non-woven technology to obtain the electron microscope picture of kapok nonwoven fabric, see Figure 2.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the unreasonable pretreatment process will affect the retention of the original medium lump of kapok.

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< p > data analysis to determine the best process < /p >

< p > the choice of the product quality ratio is kapok 60% and polyester 40%, and is processed by nonwoven technology.

The product's surface density is different, its thickness, air permeability, warmth retention and compression elasticity are also different. See Table 1.

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< p > GB/T 3820-1997

The thickness of textiles and textile products is measured. The thickness of kapok nonwoven products with different surface densities is tested by Y153 type fabric thickness gauge.

The compression pressure is 0.5kPa, the compression foot diameter is 50.5mm, the compression time is 10s, each sample is tested 30 times, and the average value is obtained.

The result is shown in Figure 3.

With the increase of the surface density, the number of stacking layers increases, and the thickness of the products increases. However, the influence of other factors such as technology does not show a linear relationship.

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< p > non-uniform material thickness uniformity is expressed by thickness variation coefficient (thickness CV value). The thickness CV value is calculated in Figure 4.

The surface density of the product increased from 115g/m2 to 200g/m2, and the thickness CV value was less than 5%. With the increase of the surface density of the product, the coefficient of variation of thickness decreased, indicating that the uniformity of the product increased.

The homogeneity index of products meets the requirements of Q/320602DGE02-2010, which is similar to non-woven cotton fiber products. It shows that nonwovens can be used to process kapok fibers. In terms of the requirements of raw materials, kapok fibers can replace cotton fibers.

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< p > GB/T 5453-1997

The air permeability of textile fabrics was determined by using YG461A low pressure breathability tester to test the air permeability of kapok nonwoven products with different density.

The test area is 20cm2, the sample pressure difference is 127Pa, each sample is tested 10 times, and the average value is obtained. The result is shown in Figure 5.

Product surface density increased from 115g/m2 to 145g/m2, air permeability increased, product surface density increased from 145g/m2 to 200g/m2, and air permeability decreased.

According to the index of air permeability, the processing technology adopted at present is a more optimized process for 145g/m2 products, while other surface density products need further optimization.

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< p > the kapok < a href= "http://www.91se91.com" > nonwoven < /a > is applied in this paper.

According to GB/T

11048-2008 the measurement of thermal resistance and moisture resistance of textiles under the condition of physiological comfort. The thermal insulation property of kapok nonwoven products with different surface density was tested by YG606N flat fabric heat insulation tester.

The sample size is 30cm * 30cm, each sample is tested for 3 pieces, and the average value is obtained. The result is shown in Figure 6.

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< p > the 5 kinds of products with different density are currently better than those of the same quality and the same process.

The surface density of the product increased from 115g/m2 to 145g/m2, the Crowe value increased, the warmth retention increased, the product surface density increased from 145g/m2 to 200g/m2, the Crowe value decreased, and the heat retention decreased.

The results show that for the thermal insulation index, the processing technology currently used is a more optimized process for 145g/m2 products, while other surface density products need further optimization.

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< p > compression elasticity ratio is the percentage of the amount of deformation recovery produced during the compression and unloading process of the specimen, which is large, indicating that the product has strong retention ability.

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< p > reference GB/T

24442.1-2009 textile compression performance measurement first parts: constant method, according to the requirements of 3 samples of 10cm x 10cm cut according to requirements, put the sample on the horizontal table, put the 0.5kPa sheet on the sample, about 10s thickness is stabilized, use the vernier caliper at 5 positions to measure the sample thickness To, then press the 30kPa heavy hammer in the center of the sheet. After 300s, use the vernier caliper in the 5 positions to measure its thickness Tm; remove the 30kPa heavy hammer, and then measure the thickness of the Tm in the same position after being tested.

The other two samples repeat the above operation, and the test results take the average value. The result is shown in Figure 7.

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< p > the surface density of the product increased from 115g/m2 to 145g/m2, the compression elasticity increased, the product surface density increased from 145g/m2 to 200g/m2, and the compression elastic rate decreased.

The results show that the current processing technology is 145 for compression elasticity index.

G/m2 products are more optimized, while other surface density products need further optimization.

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< p > experimental results show that: first, non-woven processing technology can better maintain the hollowness of kapok fibers.

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< p > two, non-woven processing technology can be used for processing kapok fibers, and the traditional pretreatment process will destroy the hollow degree of kapok fibers.

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< p > three, the surface density is different, the thickness, uniformity, air permeability, warmth retention and compression elasticity of the products will be different, but the nonwoven technology will also affect the related properties of the products.

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< p > four is the product processing technology in this article, the uniformity, air permeability, warmth retention and compression elasticity of 145g/m2 products are optimal. < /p >

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