School Uniform: The "Voluntary" School Uniform In Southwestern Rural Areas

　 How can they be bought voluntarily? School uniform

With the introduction of modern education, the school uniform of our country first appeared before and after the revolution of 1911 and was full of the brand of the times. For example, in the TV drama "just classmate teenager", Mao Zedong wore the white teacher's collar collar jacket, which was called "54 young student Costume" at that time. After the founding of new China, the school uniform system, which is hard and plain, thrifty and frugal, stopped abruptly. By the early 80s of last century, with the gradual availability of materials after the reform and opening up, and the influence of western culture after opening the door, uniforms were reappearing in the public view.

At present, the majority of primary and secondary schools in China, including rural schools, have their own uniforms. Schools usually require students to dress in flag raising ceremonies, sports meetings and other collective activities. But there are also a small number of schools that require students to wear school uniforms every day, but most schools do not make rigid rules at ordinary times. Of course, the school only makes the request of school uniform, and the cost of customizing school uniform is naturally still taken out of the pocket by parents.

However, the question of whether schools have the power to force students to wear uniform uniforms has been controversial for a long time. It is understood that only in 1994, the former State Education Commission issued a "opinions on strengthening the management of primary and middle school students wearing school suits (school uniforms)". This "opinion" is aimed at the management of schools, rather than directly setting obligations to students. In addition, the idea of promoting uniforms is urban primary and secondary schools, excluding rural schools. It is worth noting that this 1994 opinion is obviously contrary to the administrative licensing law promulgated by China in 2003.

However, it is regrettable that forced purchase of school uniforms in urban and rural primary and secondary schools has become a common practice in China. The following is a true story, for the well-known reason conceals the relevant name here.

On the left side of the open playground, there is a row of low, old buildings, which are children's classrooms. On the right is also a row of the same house, which is a teacher's dormitory. The front is a three level teaching building newly built by the government. It is so incongruous when surrounded by many tile houses. This is a true portrayal of a small town primary school in a poverty-stricken county in Sichuan province. It is understood that the pupils in the education sector need to walk more than two hours to get to school after the "withdrawal of villages and schools".

What is the highlight of this school? That is, whenever a "senior cadre" comes to "inspect", the uniform of the school is uniform. The reason is that "senior cadres" do not say that the leaders of higher levels are the biggest "officials" who have been here. This school does not have routine flag raising ceremonies every Monday, and collective activities are few and far between. I do not know whether these cadres and the people in charge of the school have ever thought of a strange sight when several children are wearing clean uniform uniforms at five or six a.m., flashlights, burning torches and even walking in the dark on the way to school. When hundreds of children are wearing clean uniform uniforms at noon, the so-called "nutritious meal" eating radish and white radish in the classroom at noon is a chilling scene.

It is conceivable that when such a school asks students to buy uniform uniforms, it seems ridiculous to us. However, the purchase of uniforms every year has never been interrupted. The reason for the school is sounding, "in order to reduce the comparisons among students and reduce the burden of parents, the school will uniforms the uniforms for students"; the attitude of the school is gentle and elegant, "in line with the principle of parents and students' voluntariness".

In fact, even if some parents are unwilling to pay money, they fear that their children will be "worn" by their teachers in school. shoes "Secondly, everyone bought himself and didn't buy children before his classmates. Therefore, this seemingly voluntary purchase of school uniforms is actually a "gentle knife" accepted by parents "voluntarily".

To be practical, this school buys two sets of school uniform in spring and autumn, but it sells for more than 100 yuan. Apart from poor families, this money is not a great burden to most parents. However, it is a matter of fact whether it is necessary to unify uniform wearing school uniform is the root of the school uniform problem. School was originally a place for teaching and educating people, and the performance of students in rural schools has not been satisfactory for a long time. The village's leaders and their leaders are not the first to consider how to improve their students' achievements. Instead, it is obvious that they are wrong in their pursuit of school uniforms.

In the education system, both teachers and principals like to flaunt themselves with "learning high as a teacher and being a body". "Learning high as a teacher, being a good fan" is a knowledgeable and knowledgeable person, so he becomes a paragon and example. As an educator, "being upright" is more important than "learning high". This is the minimum moral requirement. But obviously, on the issue of school uniforms, these are the most brilliant things in the sun. Occupation The people did not achieve such a minimum moral requirement.

There is no doubt that many documents about farmers' burden reduction all over the country have repeatedly stressed that rural schools are not allowed to compulsorily buy uniforms. {page_break}

　 The shadow of interest is the chain of interests behind school uniforms.

Through a series of surveys and visits to the rural school uniforms in Southwest China, all parties concerned are pouring water for school uniforms. Such a very strange phenomenon has actually appeared before us.

First of all, when it comes to the problem of uniform purchase of school uniforms by rural school students, several rural school principals complain that they really don't want to do this. However, for a long time, various township schools have already bought uniform uniforms, that is to say, they have become common practices. If suddenly, a rural school no longer requires students to buy school uniform, the person in charge of this school is bound to become a "heterogeneous group" in the headmaster group. As we all know, the so-called "alumni", "classmates" and "fellow townships" exist in the educational system for a long time. Once it becomes "alien", it will not be easy to mix up later. Therefore, many rural school principals put the moral standards of "good and evil, knowing shame" behind, and always asked students to buy school uniforms.

Secondly, those who produce and sell school uniforms. clothing Companies or dealers talk about school uniforms, especially when they wear school uniforms for rural students. The main reason is that the price of school uniform is low. It is said that it has reached a point of no profit. However, every year when they buy school uniforms, the salesmen of these enterprises basically go to schools to lobby.

Moreover, the parents of the vast majority of rural students basically hold a "deep hatred" attitude towards uniform purchase of school uniforms. Nowadays, the majority of rural primary and middle school students in Southwest China are called "left behind children" with the most popular words. We should pay attention to this part of children who "stay" and have to "keep". Many of them are children whose parents do not earn much money and have family conditions. Parents who earn money have brought their children around and received better education in the city. Therefore, according to the current rural primary school students buying two sets of summer wear and spring and autumn clothes every two years, it is more or less the burden of the common people. This is obviously contrary to the state's policy of reducing the burden on farmers. No wonder during the visit, some parents said half jokingly: "now the school does not charge tuition fees. clothes " I don't know what our educational authorities and headmaster teachers will feel after hearing such ridicule.

In addition, as the most direct consumers and users of school uniform, the majority of primary and middle school students are also unwilling to wear school uniforms. In fact, most of the school uniforms in rural schools are uniform sports uniform, and the color is also very single. Primary and secondary school students are in the age of individuality training, especially middle school students who are more eager to pursue fashion. They do not like the school uniforms which are different from themselves and lack fashionable elements.

Seeing the nature through the phenomenon, since all aspects of rural schools are troubled by the uniform purchase of school uniforms, why do rural primary and secondary schools buy and buy school uniforms in this way? They are still eager to promote or apportion them to students, which naturally involves the interests of all parties concerned, especially the huge economic benefits.

Unlike some big cities, the uniform purchase of school uniform in rural schools in Southwest China has the final say of the school heads. The school uniform that buys what material, to which company buys, the price of school uniform is much, basically is the headmaster talks well with the enterprise to settle down. It is worth noting that there is neither the bidding system nor the supervision of the higher authorities. There is no doubt that power losing supervision is bound to be a problem. The roots of the "poisonous school uniform" and "problem school uniform" appeared in the southwest rural school uniform and even the national school uniform are rooted in the lost procurement link.

The purchase of school uniform, especially the purchase of school uniform in rural areas, has never been open and transparent. In order to sell school uniforms, school uniform production enterprises must engage in "public relations", which of course is inseparable from "hidden rules".

In 2008, Yingde City, Guangdong Province, because of the corruption in the process of purchasing school uniform, there was a strange thing about "the director of education was arrested and hundreds of principals surrendered". It is understood that at that time, Lai Laixin, director of education, was reported to the anti corruption Bureau of Yingde Municipal People's Procuratorate for receiving bribes from school uniform suppliers. The anti corruption Bureau of Yingde municipal procuratorate quickly found the school uniform supplier, and the two garment traders who did business in Yingde explained bribes to Lai Lai. Later, it explained the situation of "labor cost" to principals of all primary and secondary schools in the county. In order to make the school require students to buy their own uniforms, according to the order quantity of the school, they give the school principals a few hundred yuan a year to express their gratitude for thousands of yuan in cash. In the end, more than 100 principals who surrendered themselves to Yingde municipal procuratorate's anti corruption Bureau found that 98 principals were suspected of receiving bribes from school uniform production suppliers. A small county-level city, because of the school uniform problem, hundreds of principals surrendered themselves to the "miracle", which is shocking.

In the process of visiting the school uniform in Southwest China, we learned a special business manager from a special channel. He mainly sells his uniforms and educational equipment to rural primary and secondary schools in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan. When it comes to the topic of the so-called sales rebate, he told me undisguised, "this is a rule of common practice. Now that competition is so fierce, all manufacturers are using all kinds of skills to show their powers. There will be no market if they do not operate according to the rules." {page_break}

　　 Low price and low quality, the crisis of trust brought by school uniform.

The prices of school uniforms in rural schools in Southwest China are generally not high, but this is not necessarily a good thing for the vast majority of rural students. The reason why the price of rural school uniform is not high is that when the price is fixed, the school has to consider the reaction degree of the parents. Under the background of the rule of law society, if the price of school uniform is far beyond the parents' expectations, parents' collective boycott and even excessive acts such as violence and complaints will inevitably arise. But there is no doubt that any garment enterprise is receiving orders for low price school uniform and has to pay a certain amount of "premium". To ensure the profit of the product, it is necessary to start from the material and technological process of Jerry building.

At present, the majority of rural primary and middle school students' school uniforms are actually sportswear, and their colors are no more than blue, green and red. They are all matched with white bars, bars and blocks on the shoulders. Unlike urban school uniforms, the names and emblem of the school are not printed on the front of the school uniform. One of the reasons is that if the name of "rural primary school" is printed on the school uniform, it is not something to be proud of; the second is that there is no school badge in rural schools. Therefore, in fact, the school uniform of rural schools is only "uniform sportswear".

This kind of sportswear used for school uniform is quite complicated. It may be made by some small garment factories, and it may also come from the wholesale clothing market. In the clothing wholesale market of a central city in northeastern Sichuan, there is a stall specially selling such sportswear. It is understood that most of the business owners are selling sportswear from outside and then selling them at a price increase. Only a few strong operators have their own workshops or small garment processing plants. There are all kinds of sportswear with short styles and colors, from primary school students to middle school students. After inquiring, the main selling objects of these clothes are the rural schools in the surrounding areas. The price of the fabrics varies from 30 yuan to 60 yuan. It is said that the quantity can also be excellent, and can be issued in accordance with the requirements of customers formal invoices. Because it is difficult to distinguish the quality of these so-called uniforms from the naked eye, they ask the boss if he can issue a test report. After hearing this, the boss roared with laughter and told him that he had been running sportswear and school uniform for more than 20 years.

In fact, in actual work, the acceptance of school uniform quality in rural schools is basically at the level of teachers and principals. The fabric of school uniform is not thick enough to look at. The work of school uniform carefully and carelessly basically completes the judgement of the quality of school uniform. A headmaster of a rural primary school in Sichuan bluntly pointed out that before they concerned about the quality of school uniforms, they only focused on whether the materials were made of cotton or blended fabrics and whether the quality of sewing was good. After the exposure of the "poison school uniform" incident in Shanghai, he realized that this alone is far from enough.

Therefore, the objective source of rural school uniform in Southwest China is difficult to guarantee, the procurement channel is out of surveillance, and there are loopholes in quality control. Therefore, the quality problem of rural school uniform is bigger than that of city uniform. It is suggested that the relevant departments should further strengthen the supervision of the quality and safety of school uniforms in rural areas.

In fact, the quality of school uniforms is the question of whether or not the quality of clothes is on the surface. However, thinking from a deeper level is related to the establishment of correct values and outlook on life for primary school students and middle school students. At present, primary and secondary schools require students to uniformly wear school uniforms. The reason given is to promote students' good mental outlook, enhance collective sense of honor, cultivate students' simple habits of clothing and prevent comparisons. But in fact, when students are already competing for more high-end digital products, it is debatable to just ask for the same clothes to go to school. In addition, most of the students are unwilling to wear school uniforms from the bottom of their hearts, but reluctantly buy them under the pressure of schools and teachers. Objectively speaking, the low price and almost ugly school uniform at present in rural schools is difficult to achieve the profound meaning of "enhancing collective honor" by principals.

School uniforms are handed over to children by schools and teachers, as well as books, principles and knowledge. Of course, the material school uniform is not the same as abstract learning. However, when the quality problems of school uniforms frequently occur and are reported by the media, do children who are not yet mature in rational judgement and more with the help of perceptual judgment can still trust schools and teachers without reservation?

School uniform in rural schools is a special clothing product. It does not circulate widely in the market, but directly enters the school gate from the manufacturer. The quality of school uniforms is far from the inspection of the industry and Commerce Department, and only depends on the limited number of quality supervision departments. Therefore, seamless docking between the school and the quality supervision department is very important. Only if we can set up a complete system of public bidding, price hearing and quality supervision, such as compulsory school's inspection of school uniform, can we fundamentally cut off the way of school uniforms into the campus.