Spinning And Weaving Industry: Why Is The Domestic Market So Malformed?

When p goes to work every day, Guo Xinzhong's first thing is to turn on the computer to see the trend of global oil futures. Every change of oil price may affect the next step of his management enterprise. < /p >
< p > although look at the change of oil price, Guo Xinzhong is not doing oil business, nor is he the boss of logistics enterprise. His status is a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > textile /a > General Manager. The company located in Weifang is the backbone textile enterprise of our province. Its main products are cotton yarn, special yarn, high count and high density fabric, < a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > dress < /a > fabric, and comprehensive competitiveness enters the top 20 of the national cotton textile industry and the 500 competitiveness of the national textile and garment enterprises. < /p >
< p > Guo Xinzhong is concerned about the price of oil because his cotton textile enterprises are closely related to oil. Since the cotton price advantage is no longer enough, the use of cotton has been drastically reduced. At present, cotton is only 50% of raw material, and the other 50% are all kinds of fibers. Fiber, such as polyester, nylon, spandex and so on, all come from petrochemical industry. Generally speaking, when the price of oil rises, the price of all kinds of chemical fiber products will also go up. < /p >
< p > the relationship between textile and garment enterprises and international a > market < /a > is much closer than that of ordinary people. Although the domestic market is huge, the textile and garment enterprises in our province have been facing the big global market from the beginning. The cost advantage has been the biggest advantage of the whole industry. < /p >
Since P > 2012, the international cotton price has shown a downward trend overall, while domestic cotton prices remain high under the support of the national temporary purchase and storage price. The domestic cotton price is 5000 yuan higher than that of foreign countries, and even 6000 yuan. "Taking domestic cotton to participate in the international circulation is not competitive at all." Guo Xinzhong said that since last year, who will do the cotton business, who will lose, "a ton difference of 5000 yuan, and big enterprises can not do it". In 2012, 16 thousand tons of cotton were used by the silk mills, all of which were imported cotton that needed quotas. In the face of huge price differentials, cotton import quotas have also become a tool for rent seeking. A ton of quotas can often earn more than 3000 yuan. < /p >
< p > cotton is the raw material which lacks competitiveness. The silk industry has chosen to continuously increase the use of other fibers, and chemical fiber is one of them. Over the past few years, the silk industry has developed and developed series of products such as modal fiber, bamboo fiber and flame retardant fiber, among which the biomass hemp fiber functional yarn and the new super Imitation cotton yarn have also entered the provincial technological innovation project. < /p >
Less than P, the modal fiber comes from the maple fiber in Austria. "The production process is the same as papermaking, the use of paper is coarse, and the clothing is finer." The raw hemp is not good color. The production of < a target= "_blank" href= "http://www.91se91.com/" > cloth > /a > is mostly grey and yellow, and now it can be added to any color through technological improvement. These new fibers have become the main products of the two years. < /p >
< p > there is also a sharp rise in the cost of labor, which has plagued the entire textile and garment industry. For a long time, the low cost of labor has made the industry face many challenges, but this advantage is no longer available. In 2011 and 2012, the wage level of the workers in the silk industry increased by more than 20% per year, and the average wage of the workers at the front line is now around 3000 yuan. < /p >
< p > more worrying is recruitment. In recent years, although the wage level of the garment and textile industry is not low, many young people are no longer willing to dry textile because of the noise and labor intensity. Guo Xinzhong clearly remembered that before and after 1985, workers entered the textile mill to bring money, and each person had to pay 15 thousand yuan for training. Now, let's not talk about paying, that is, wages are delayed for a day, and workers are looking for the door. Workers eat free meals, and the standard of 5 yuan per person per meal. The cost of food for the month is twenty-eight yuan ninety thousand yuan. < /p >
< p > the rising cost and difficult employment force forced the silk industry to accelerate its transformation and upgrading. "At present, the cost of labor in Vietnam is between 80 and 100 dollars per month, and India is 60 dollars. China can not compete with them, and has lost its advantages. We must foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses, and we must adjust our structure. " Guo Xinzhong said. < /p >
< p > because of the low end of the industrial chain, cost reduction has become one of the most important tasks of the silk industry. Over the past two years, the silk industry has eliminated relatively backward 50 thousand spindles and more than 260 looms, which cost about 30000000 yuan to import more than 20 Japanese machines, and "one top 10 over the past", with the number of workers reduced from 5000 in 2005 to 3800 at present. < /p >
< p > 2012, the machine material consumption of the silk mill decreased by 20% compared with that of the previous year, the packaging material was reduced by 11.6%, the slurry size was reduced by 11%, the electricity consumption was reduced by 5.9%, and the water consumption was reduced by 7.82%. Don't underestimate the electricity consumption by 5.9%, saving 3 million 500 thousand yuan in one year. As a boss, Guo Xinzhong was clear about the cost of the enterprise. He opened the mouth to tell the price changes of the main period: during the day, from 8 to 10, the electricity was 1.09 yuan per kilowatt hour; from 11 to 5 p.m., the electricity was 0.8 yuan per hour; at 11 o'clock in the evening to 7 at the next morning, 0.25 yuan per kilowatt hour. In order to reduce costs, the Silk Road only opens the main engine during the day, and the ancillary equipment is not open. < /p >
< p > despite the continuous progress in new fabrics, the space for the acquisition of excess profits of silk products is getting smaller and smaller because other enterprises are catching up faster and faster. Take modal fiber as an example, this kind of fiber used to be a product with relatively high profits, but the whole industry is currently producing modal, "profits will go on". < /p >
< p > "although textile and clothing are facing many difficulties, people always wear < a target=" _blank "href=" http://www.91se91.com/ "> clothes < /a >. Only the bankrupt enterprises, there is no collapse of the industry. " Guo Xinzhong sighed. In 2012, the sales revenue reached 1 billion 50 million yuan, an increase of 14.64% over the previous year, and 21 million 290 thousand US dollars in foreign exchange earnings, an increase of 25.94% over the same period last year. This situation is much better than the average level of the whole industry. < /p >
< p > < strong > industrial background: international orders flow to Southeast Asia < /strong > /p >
< p > Shandong province is a large province of garment and textile. At present, there are more than 4200 garment and textile enterprises above designated size. In 2012, the growth of garment and textile industry in our province showed an obvious deceleration trend, which was affected by external demand, slowing domestic demand, increasing domestic and foreign cotton prices, and rising prices of production factors. < /p >
< p > statistics of the Provincial Textile Industry Association show that in 2012, the province's clothing and textile enterprises exported 19 billion 759 million US dollars, down 3.08% compared to the same period last year. Among them, textile exports amounted to 9 billion 166 million US dollars, down 5.1% compared with the same period last year, and clothing exports were 10 billion 593 million US dollars, down 1.3% compared with the same period last year. Influenced by the increase of China's comprehensive factor cost and the enhancement of textile competitiveness of neighboring countries, some of the orders in the international market flow to Southeast Asian countries. China's share of clothing and textile products market in major developed countries has declined. < /p >
< p > at present, there is a shortage of labor shortage among garment and textile enterprises in the province, and some enterprises employ more than 40% of the labor shortage. Recruitment difficulties, unable to retain and improve the living treatment of workers, etc., have made the labor cost of enterprises showing a rigid upward trend. < /p >
< p > < strong > reporter's notes: when will producers work for channels? < /strong > < /p >
< p > China has changed from the world factory to the world market, and the advantages of domestic textile and garment enterprises relying on low-cost competition have been few. There is still a long way to go for the industry to become a dominant industry. < /p >
The more we know about P, the more we feel that the domestic clothing and textile market is so abnormal. On the one hand, the high price of clothing in shopping malls can't be enough for ordinary consumers. On the other hand, the textile and garment enterprises cry loudly. What's wrong with it? Production companies say that the price of the mall is at least 300 yuan, which is priced at 1000 yuan, and the factory price is only $300. Who left the remaining 700 dollars? Most of them went into the shopping mall. It is hard for the manufacturer to work for the channel workers. Even the big clothing and textile enterprises are saying that they are working for the mall. < /p >
< p > recently interviewed 3 medium-sized textile and garment enterprises, all of which have real estate business including silk. In 2012, the profits realized by the real estate industry occupied most of the profits. When it comes to making up for the loss of main business by entering real estate, transformation and upgrading are not what they want to do. < /p >