Mechanization Is The Fundamental Way Out For Cotton Production

< p > in recent years, due to < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > cotton < /a > low production mechanization and the rising cost of rural labor, the yield of cotton seeds has declined, and the cotton area in mainland China (except Xinjiang) has been decreasing year by year.

However, the mechanized cotton picking scene appeared in cotton fields such as Binzhou, Weifang and Dezhou in Shandong this autumn, giving the market confidence in cotton production.

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< p > < strong > the increase of machine harvest cotton pilot is obviously < /strong > < /p >.

< p > compared with the advanced cotton growing countries, China's cotton production mode is lagging behind, with a small scale, low labor efficiency and relatively high production costs.

In the United States, the picking cost of seed cotton is about 80 yuan per mu, which is only 1/5-1/16 of China's cotton picking cost.

The United States produces an average of 0.5 working days for producing 50 kilograms of lint, compared with about 12 in China.

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< p > 2013, the Shandong supply and Marketing Cooperative conducted 5 pilot counties in the whole province from cotton planting, spraying and chemical control to the whole mechanization of picking cotton production.

After that, cotton cultivation only takes 5 days, spraying only 4 days, and weeding for only 3 days.

In the past years, all men and women and men in the whole county came into battle, and now only need two sets of 400 horsepower tractors.

Mechanized advance is not mechanical gain, only sowing and field management, saving nearly 100 yuan per mu, and liberating 80% of the labor force in the village. They either go out to work, or operate autonomously or work in the community. Each person has a daily income of more than 100 yuan. According to 8 months in a year, the annual income of each person is about 24000 yuan.

According to estimates, according to per mu yield of 450 kg of seed cotton calculation, per mu of cotton picking is more than 300 yuan hand picking, plus sowing, field management savings of 100 yuan, an increase of more than 400 yuan per mu.

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< p > < strong > mechanization is the fundamental way out < /strong > < /p >

< p > the main reason for the current cotton production in China is the large number of cotton and the low degree of mechanization. The mechanization of cotton production is the fundamental way out.

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< p > cotton picker is the key link of cotton whole mechanization.

At present, about 30% of the world's cotton is picked by machines. The mechanized harvest rate of the developed countries in the United States, Australia, South America and other developed countries reaches 100%. Some cotton developed in Spain, Bulgaria and Greece and other middle developed agricultural countries are also picked by machinery; and the development of cotton picking technology in developed countries such as Argentina and Brazil is fast.

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< p > at present, the cotton planting area in China is around 70 million mu. In 2012, the machine production rate was only 8.26%, and it was mainly concentrated in Xinjiang cotton area. The pilot project of Huang Huai sponge production has just started.

Mechanical harvesting experiments in late autumn of 2013 in Shandong, Binzhou, Weifang, Dezhou and Henan Anyang showed that the net recovery rate of the spindle picking machine was 87.4% - 93.3%, the recovery efficiency was 7 - 10 mu / h, the impurity rate was about 7.4%, the net recovery rate of the finger type cotton picker was 86.3% - 92.5%, and the recovery efficiency was 6 - 8 mu / h, and the impurity content was about 10.8%.

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< p > to solve the demand for mechanization of cotton in China, < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_p.asp" > Shandong < /a > the company directly under the provincial supply and marketing cooperatives, swan cotton machine company and its famous research institute in the US R & D center, after 5 years of joint research and development, we have successfully developed a cotton picker with a complete national brand.

The Nanjing Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute of the Ministry of agriculture has developed a compound finger cotton picker based on industry science and technology.

The above two enterprises have also developed a matching seed cotton pretreatment device, picking cotton seeds picked up by cotton pickers. After being processed by seed cotton airborne and site pretreatment device, they were sent to the manual cotton picking cotton rolling workshop and finished the whole process of cotton rolling until the lint package was fully mechanized.

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< p > < strong > cotton mechanization needs to work together to promote < /strong > /p >

< p > promoting and popularizing mechanical cotton picking is the inevitable trend of modern agricultural development.

The whole mechanization of cotton production in the Huang Huai Hai area has just started and is in the exploratory stage.

At present, there are still some problems: first, the peasants are not fully aware of the situation and are in a wait-and-see state.

Two, we should breed early maturing varieties suitable for the climate and mining characteristics of the mainland.

Three, the mode of machine picked cotton is different from that of artificial planting.

Four, cotton pickers are expensive.

At present, China's cotton pickers are mostly imported machinery, each unit of more than 2 million yuan, without the guarantee of area, enterprises and professional cooperatives dare not buy.

Five, there is no matching process in the present cotton ginning plant. To process the machine, we need to spend money on cotton picking.

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< p > upgrading < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > cotton production < /a > mechanization level is a systematic project, which needs innovation of domestic machinery and equipment enterprises; it needs synchronous development of various links in cotton varieties, cultivation, management and harvesting; it needs local governments to co-ordinate the layout, and the departments of Agriculture, agricultural machinery, supply and marketing, and agricultural technology promotion cooperate with each other to provide technical support; and the government needs to subsidize the purchase of cotton pickers.

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