Chinese Manufacturing And Korean Model Under The Influence Of Germany's 4 Industrial Strategy

　　 What should we learn from the Korean version of "industry 4"?

Since twenty-first Century, the world manufacturing industry Facing the new opportunities and challenges brought about by the adjustment of industrial structure. As a new way out for the post financial crisis, the manufacturing industry has been re emphasized. In April 2013, Germany put forward the "industrial 4 strategy implementation proposal", the so-called industrial 4, that is, the fourth industrial revolution, characterized by automation, virtualization and intellectualization. This concept has aroused widespread concern in various countries, and the developed economies in the United States, Japan and the United Kingdom are also launching a similar transformation and upgrading strategy for manufacturing industry.

As a close neighbor of China, Korea, which also occupies an important position in the national economy, was officially launched in June 2014 as the Korean version. Industry 4 The 3 strategy of manufacturing innovation. In March 2015, the Korean government announced the further implementation of the "3 innovation strategy for manufacturing industry", which was further complemented and improved. This marks the formal establishment of the Korean version of the "industry 4" strategy.

The emergence of the Korean version of "industrial 4" is not surprising. As we all know, Korea is one of the most developed countries in the world. Its industry is complete and its technology is more advanced. Especially, shipbuilding, automobile, electronics, chemical industry, steel and other industries play an important role in the world. But in recent years, with the change of international division of labor, especially in the rising manufacturing industry and the gradual recovery of Japanese manufacturing industry, the current manufacturing industry in Korea is weak, facing the challenge of declining competitiveness, and urgently needs new development strategies. The emergence of the concept of "industrial 4" has provided an excellent direction for the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry in Korea.

Overall, as a relatively complete transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry, South Korea " Manufacturing innovation 3 On the whole, it referred to the basic concept of Germany's "industry 4" strategy, and its plan is complete, specific and more unique.

First, the strategic objectives are clear, so as to promote the integration of manufacturing and information technology (ICT), thereby creating new industries and enhancing the competitiveness of Korean manufacturing industry. As a powerful country in information technology, Korea has the foundation of the integration of manufacturing and information technology. In order to implement the "manufacturing innovation 3" strategy, South Korea has formulated a number of specific measures to combine long-term planning with short-term planning, and vigorously develop 13 new driving industries, such as UAVs, smart cars, robots, intelligent wearable devices, and intelligent medical services. The South Korean government also plans to build 10000 intelligent production plants by 2020, transforming 1/3 from 20 of the total factories in Korea to an intelligent factory. These are consistent with the current trend of upgrading manufacturing by intelligent production mode in Germany and other countries. The Korean government expects that by implementing the "manufacturing innovation 3" strategy, it is planned that by 2024 Korea's manufacturing exports will reach US $1 trillion and competitiveness will reach the top 4 in the world, surpassing Japan, second only to China, the United States and Germany.

Secondly, in strategic design, we must adhere to the basic national conditions of Korea. After all, there are great differences between Korea and Germany in terms of their national conditions, industrial status, enterprise type, business environment, and technology reserve. Totally one hundred percent of the "bringing ism" will only lead to "acclimatized". Therefore, the Korean government deliberately used the term "manufacturing innovation 3", which means that the whole idea of Germany's "industry 4" is not copied intact. In particular, in the implementation of the strategy, taking into account the relatively low production efficiency of Korean SMEs and the lack of technological R & D strength, the "gradual" promotion strategy adopted by large enterprises to promote SMEs and gradually spread from pilot areas to the whole country.

Thirdly, attention should be given to guiding enterprises to play a key role in the implementation of the "manufacturing innovation 3" strategy. The South Korean government believes that to promote the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry, the majority of enterprises are the main force, and the role of the government is mainly reflected in the establishment of a business environment and the elimination of policy constraints that impede the development of manufacturing industry. According to the strategic plan of action for manufacturing innovation 3, South Korea will actively mobilize private capital participation. It plans to invest about 24 trillion yuan (about 23 billion US dollars) in investment in smart factories and emerging industries. Among them, the direct investment of the Korean government is less than 10% (2 trillion won), and the rest is intended to be solved through attracting private capital investment. It is also noteworthy that South Korea will support and nurture a relatively weak position in the small and medium enterprises as one of the key directions. The Korean government plans to nurture 10 million small and medium-sized export enterprises and 400 core enterprises with an export volume of US $100 million as of 2017, through the "intelligent transformation" of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises.

Finally, we attach great importance to enhancing the "soft power" of Korean manufacturing industry, and regard it as one of the main means to strengthen the core competitiveness of manufacturing industry and to compete with other countries. The strategic plan of action for innovation in manufacturing industry has put forward a major breakthrough for the current manufacturing industry in South Korea in the field of engineering technology, design, software services, key materials and parts development, personnel reserve and other weak links in the field of 3. In particular, it is proposed that by 2017, invest 1 trillion won to develop 8 core intelligent manufacturing technologies, such as 3D printing, big data and Internet of things, so as to narrow the gap with the leading countries in related technologies as soon as possible.

At present, China has also completed " Made in China 2025 "Plan" to design top-level planning and roadmap for China's manufacturing industry in the next 10 years, so as to achieve the goal of basically achieving industrialization in 2025 and entering the ranks of manufacturing powerhouses. Taking the road of "made in China 2025", the Korean model can also be used for reference.