Pay Attention To Employees: Calculate The Economic Accounts For Delaying Retirement.

With regard to delaying retirement, people naturally think of "paying more and getting less money" because the extension of the payment period and the delay in the time of collecting fees are naturally easy to produce a resistance to the relevant policy reforms.

There is nothing wrong with this understanding.

However, to what extent can postpone retirement solve the problem of population aging, and how much money and how much money people will pay more after a certain delay in retirement? People have not calculated carefully. The government has not announced it. We can roughly calculate the data based on public information, and the result may be beyond the expectation of most people.

Delay in post retirement "pay less" is actually a great solution to the problem of population aging.

First of all, let's figure out how much money will be delayed in retirement.

According to the data released by the Ministry of human resources and social affairs, as of the end of 2014, a total of 842 million people participated in basic old-age insurance, including 341 million of employees and 501 million of urban and rural residents.

Among the recipients, the employees of the enterprises were 85 million 930 thousand retirees, and 143 million of the urban and rural residents actually received 143 million, representing a total of about 229 million.

Last year, the expenditure of the national basic endowment insurance fund was about 2 trillion and 330 billion yuan, which means that the basic old-age insurance in the whole country is about 1000 yuan per month.

In fact, the current level of pension benefits in China should be 2000 yuan / month.

The error in front is ignored by civil servants and institutions.

If the treatment level is 2000 yuan / month, then the number of people who receive less than one year's retirement will be 2000 yuan / month *12 months *14 billion, the figure is 30 trillion and 800 billion.

Specifically, how much pension burden can be reduced per year, assuming that China's population structure is balanced at all ages, and the annual pension burden =30.8 trillion / national average life expectancy is reduced. The average life expectancy of Chinese men at the age of 75 will be reduced by 410 billion 670 million yuan per annuities.

So how much will the pension income be raised after a prolonged retirement period?

According to the current social insurance law of China, "workers should take part in the basic old-age insurance, and the employer and workers shall pay the basic old-age insurance premiums together".

This means that as long as we still work in the enterprise, even if we have paid 15 years of social security, we will continue to pay the fee until we retire.

According to the data released by the Ministry of human resources and social affairs, last year's national enterprises

The income from basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents is 2 trillion and 110 billion, and the number of paid personnel is about 613 million, of which 255 million of employees and 358 million of urban and rural residents.

In 2014, the payment of per capita pensions for enterprises and urban and rural residents was about 3442 yuan, mainly because the basic old-age insurance rates for urban and rural residents were too low.

According to this calculation, if the retirement is delayed for one year, 1 billion 400 million people (assuming no retirement age) can increase the income collected from the pension fund to 4 trillion and 820 billion.

At the age of 75, the average life expectancy is still increased. The annual average pension income is 64 billion 250 million yuan.

To sum up, every time a year of retirement is delayed, the state can reduce the amount of pension payments by 474 billion 920 million yuan per annuities, and it can reduce the total amount of pension payments for 1 billion 400 million people by about 35 trillion and 620 billion.

This amount can completely compensate for the difference between the income and expenditure of the pension collection last year, or even higher than the difference between 2015 and the previous year.

That is to say, if we postpone the retirement for one year now, then the pension payment in China in 2015 will be free from financial subsidies, and the pressure on China's pension can be delayed a little.

Therefore, we must not underestimate the mitigation effect of delaying retirement on aging.

However, the specific plan for postponing retirement may be a lot more gentle.

According to the Ministry of human resources and social affairs, delaying retirement will follow the idea of "small steps, slow progress and gradual progress". That is to say, the retirement age will only extend for a few months every year. At the same time, it will give the public a psychological expectation in advance.

Now the statutory retirement age in China is based on the average life expectancy in 1978, and the current pension standard is based on the retirement age and the average life expectancy at that time.

According to the regulations, China's pension plan is: those who have paid for 15 years will be given basic pension monthly after retirement.

The basic pension is composed of basic pension and personal account pension.

The monthly standard of the basic pension for retirement is based on the average monthly wage and the average monthly wage in the past year, and the payment is 1% for every 1 years.

The monthly standard of personal account pension is the amount of personal account divided by the number of months to be issued. The number of months in the month is determined according to the average life expectancy of the urban population, the age of retirement, interest and so on.

Generally according to legal age

If the number of months is 10 years or so,

Now, with the growth of China's average life expectancy, the pension standard has not changed, but people's time has increased a lot.

The average life expectancy in China now increased by an average of 9 years compared with that in 1978.

That naturally increased the pressure of pension payments significantly, especially in the age of population aging.

To better accept the delayed retirement system, we can look at the issue of delaying retirement from a different perspective.

Endowment insurance is closely related to natural retirement age.

In the early stage of the endowment insurance system, the statutory retirement age is based on the average life expectancy at that time.

The average life expectancy is about 10 years longer than the statutory retirement age.

With the increase of life expectancy in China in recent decades, the statutory retirement age has not been adjusted.

According to statistics, China's per capita life expectancy is 75 years for males and 78 for females.

But before liberation, the average life expectancy of the Chinese people was about 35 years old.

After liberation, according to the 1978 census, the average life expectancy of the Chinese people is 66.9 years for males and 69 years for females.

At present, there are three kinds of statutory retirement age in China:

(1) the age of the male is 60 years old, the female is over 50 years old, and the accumulated working age is 10 years.

(two) men aged 55 or above, who are over 45 years of age, who have worked for 10 years, are engaged in underground work, high altitude, high temperature, heavy physical labor or other harmful physical health.

(three) the age of the male is over 50 years old, the age of the female is 45 years old, and the total working age is 10 years. The hospital has confirmed that the woman has been confirmed by the labor appraisal committee and should be allowed to retire if he loses his labour completely.

Therefore, in such a case, it will be statutory.

There is nothing wrong with a gradual delay in several years, because it itself is a "loophole" in which institutional reform has not kept pace with development.

There are many precedents in developed countries.

Since the extension is basically a necessity, early retirement will allow more people to share the pressure of the old age, and the younger the pension pressure will be.