Tax Substantive Law: The Impact Of The Nature Of Exemption From Withdrawal On Accounting Treatment

1. accounting treatment of exemption from tax deduction and refund.

The notice on the value added tax and consumption tax policy on export goods services (Finance and tax [2012]39) stipulates that export enterprises or other units do not declare or do not fill the voucher refund (Exemption) tax vouchers for export goods and services, and apply the value-added tax exemption policy.

The announcement issued by the State Administration of Taxation on the measures for the administration of value-added tax and consumption tax on export goods (No. twenty-fourth of the State Administration of Taxation 2012) further stipulates: "enterprises should collect relevant vouchers in the value-added tax declaration period from the beginning of next month to the next April 30th before the date of export declaration of goods (the export date for export goods declaration" is the same as "export tax rebate exclusive").

Overdue enterprises shall not declare tax exemption or refund. "

If an enterprise fails to apply for late declaration without collecting the document information, it shall make a tax exemption declaration for export business in May next year.

At this point, for the export business, the enterprise only recognized the revenue when it exported, and carried forward the cost.

At this time, enterprises only need to apply the VAT accounting treatment to "tax exemption".

According to regulations, the import tax on export goods and services that are applicable to the value-added tax exemption policy shall not be deducted from the input tax, and should be pferred to the cost.

When carrying out the pfer, enterprises often can not divide the input tax that needs to be pferred out.

According to the twenty-sixth provision of the Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on value added tax and the detailed rules for the implementation of the Provisional Regulations of People's Republic of China on value added tax, the general taxpayers are engaged in tax-free items or non VAT taxable services, and the input tax shall not be deducted according to the following formula: tenth

The deductible input tax is the total income tax that can not be divided in the same month. The total sales volume and total turnover of the month tax exempt items, the total turnover of the non VAT taxable labor service, and the total turnover are the same.

According to the above example, it is assumed that in 2015 May, the enterprises made the duty exemption declaration for the above exports. The total input tax of that month (May) was 2400000 Yuan, and the domestic sales income was 5000000 yuan.

The deductible input tax =2400000 * 1000000 (1000000+5000000) =400000

The accounting treatment of enterprises is as follows:

Borrow: main business cost 400000

Loan: tax payable - VAT payable (pferred tax out) 400000

Under the old export tax rebate policy, when the export recognition and the carrying costs are pferred, the "no exemption and deductible tax" should be pferred to the operating cost. The enterprise must reduce the amount of the pferred amount when calculating the input tax.

2. accounting treatment of exemption from retirement as domestic sales.

The circular on the policy of value added tax and consumption tax on export goods and services (Finance and tax [2012]39) stipulates: "the duty exemption policy for exporting goods and services of export enterprises or other units shall be subject to value-added tax and consumption tax unless they are declared to be exempt from taxation in accordance with the exemption from value-added tax service except for goods, export enterprises or other goods that are deemed to be exempted from value-added tax by the export enterprises in a special area."

Accordingly, enterprises do not apply for overdue declarations, nor exceed the duty free declaration period.

At this point, for the export business, the enterprises only recognized the revenue when they exported, and carried forward the cost.

At this point, accounting mainly deals with two issues:

First, how to reflect changes in the type of business revenue.

At the time of export, the enterprise recognised the sale as "exemption from export income" and now needs to be adjusted to "domestic sales income". These are the two levels of business income standing in the accounting exemption and withdrawal enterprise accounting.

Accounting only needs to adjust the details of the main business income:

Loan: main business income - exempting from exit revenue

Loans: main business income - domestic sales income

If the export business of last year is regarded as domestic sales, the "exemption and withdrawal income" and "domestic sales income" that need to be adjusted at this time must be used as "adjustment of profit and loss in the previous year", so the change of income type does not need to be accounted for.

Two, it is necessary to account for the output tax of the business when considering domestic sales.

As for the domestic sale business, there is no need to adjust this because it does not confirm the exemption from tax refund. However, the domestic sales means that the amount of tax should be calculated.

The question is which subject should the sales tax be mentioned? This involves the contract price of export business, which includes tax price or tax free price.

According to the tax calculation method, which is regarded as the domestic marketing method, under the general trade mode, the general taxpayer's export goods tax applicable to the value-added tax policy shall be calculated according to the following methods:

Output tax = FOB value of export goods (1+ applicable tax rate) * applicable tax rate. This shows that under the same sales, the FOB value of export goods is tax inclusive, so the amount of output tax should be written off the original confirmed revenue.

Therefore, when the "main business income - exempting from the export revenue" is written off, it should be divided into two parts of the price tax. The foregoing entries should be revised to:

Loan: main business income - exempting from exit revenue

Loans: main business income - domestic sales income

Taxes payable - VAT payable (output tax)

If the export business of last year is regarded as domestic sales, the "income and profit adjustment" of the previous year will only reflect the items of the output tax, and the accounting treatments are as follows:

Borrowing: profit and loss adjustment in previous years

Loan: tax payable - value added tax (output tax) payable.

According to the Announcement No. twenty-fourth issued by the State Administration of Taxation in 2012, domestic sales are generally the business of the previous year.

According to the above example, suppose that enterprises did not declare the above export duty in May 2015, it should be regarded as a tax declaration for domestic value-added tax in June 2015.

Output tax = FOB value of export goods (1+ applicable tax rate) * applicable tax rate =1000000 * (1+17%) * 17%=145299

The accounting treatment is as follows:

Borrowing: profit and loss adjustment in the previous year 145299

Loan: tax payable - value added tax (output tax) 145299

If the export goods are calculated according to the difference between the tax rebate rate and the tax rebate rate, they can not be exempted from the tax deduction and have been pferred to the cost. The corresponding tax amount should be pferred back to the input tax.

That is to say, under the old export tax rebate policy, when the export recognition and the carrying costs are pferred, the "no exemption and deduction tax" should be pferred to the operating cost. If the business of applying the old export tax rebate policy is regarded as domestic sales, theoretically, enterprises must also deal with the "no exemption and deduction tax".

As a matter of fact, enterprises will regard the amount of domestic sales as negative as a negative number in the system of exemption from rebate declaration. When the declaration system calculates that the exemption from tax rebates should not be exempted from the tax deduction, it will be deemed to be the same as the domestic sales amount. Therefore, the tax deductible tax rebate should not be exempted from tax deduction directly at the end of the month.

If it is a cross year business, the system will not be entered.

The enterprise must write off it separately, and the accounting process is as follows:

Borrowing: profit and loss adjustment in previous years (scarlet letter)

Loan: tax payable - value added tax (input tax) (red letter).

3. accounting treatment of "withdrawal" from exemption and refund business

The essence of the "withdrawal" is the "sales return", and the business income has been confirmed when exporting.

According to accounting standards, when the sales of goods that have been recognized have been returned, enterprises should reduce the sales income of the current period and reduce the cost of goods sold in the current period.

The cost of goods sold here should include two parts: first, carry over.

Cost; two, the business cost of exemption from tax rebates should not be exempted from and deducted from tax. However, it does not include the "payable tax" which should be reversed. It should be paid VAT (export tax rebate).

In addition, in the value-added tax accounting, the detailed items "should pay taxes - should pay value-added tax (export tax rebate)" is used to calculate the exemption and refund amount for the "exemption" and "tax rebate" part. In the event of a return, theoretically, enterprises must write off "should pay taxes - should pay VAT (export tax rebate)".

However, according to the Announcement No. 24 issued by the State Administration of Taxation on 2012, the export goods that have been declared exempt from tax rebates will be refunded and the tax exemption or tax shall be changed. The declaration data of the original tax exemption and refund shall be deducted by the negative number during the next month's value-added tax declaration period in the above-mentioned circumstances, and the corresponding adjustment shall be made according to the relevant provisions of the current accounting system.

Therefore, the processing of tax exemption and refund is postponed in the system, that is, the amount of tax to be pferred and the adjusted tax rebate are all in the month.

"It reflects that in the accounting process, the above business can be combined and dealt with. Only when it comes to the adjustment of profit and loss in the previous year, will it be necessary to pfer the corresponding tax exemption from the enemy's tax to the" prior year profit and loss adjustment "separately.

In the light of the above example, it is assumed that all the export goods returned in September 2014 and that the enterprises have not received the payment. The accounting procedures are as follows:

Borrowing: accounts receivable -1000000

Loan: main business income - exempting from exit revenue -1000000

At the same time, cost reduction.

Borrow: main business cost -650000

Loan: inventory merchandise -650000

Continue with the above example, assuming that all the export goods are returned in the next year and are part of the adjustment matters, the enterprises have not received the payment yet. The accounting treatments are as follows:

Borrowing: accounts receivable -1000000

Loan: adjusted profit and loss in previous years -1000000

At the same time, cost reduction.

Borrow: previous year profit and loss adjustment -670000

Loan: inventory merchandise -650000

Taxes payable - VAT payable (pferred tax out) -20000

If the company fails to make a formal declaration, it will only cancel the confirmed export revenue and carry out inventory cost, and does not involve accounting adjustments for the exemption and withdrawal business.