Cotton Must Realize The Technology Of "Quality Middle And High End".

Quality is the short board of China's cotton industry.

The quality of raw cotton in China is at the middle level of the world.

The quality of raw cotton refers to the quality of commercial cotton entering the factory for cotton spinning. It is not a single quality compared with a single variety. It is a comprehensive comprehensive comparison. It is the comprehensive quality of raw cotton genetic quality, production quality, cotton ginning quality, circulation quality and quality inspection, and the final quality of the whole industry chain (cotton planting, processing and cotton spinning).

This view and judgement have been recognized by the scientific and technological circles and recognized by the cotton textile industry.

In the "

On the basis of general consensus and consensus on action, we have made concrete actions to comprehensively enhance the quality of genetic quality, production quality, cotton ginning quality, quality inspection and economic benefits, and put forward the upgrading of quality technical means and measures: breeding and planting "medium and high end quality" varieties, effectively improving the consistency level of fiber in the producing areas; applying quality and efficiency enhancing technology to increase the output of medium and high end cotton; upgrading the mechanization level of cotton cultivation; breaking through the technology and equipment of machine picked cotton; and building up the technology.

Production protection areas, develop "medium and high quality cotton" production, promote excellent cotton and excellent use, high quality and high price, effectively protect cotton farmers' reasonable income, promote the integration and development of the 123 cotton industry, and promote the pformation, upgrading, quality and efficiency of the whole cotton industry chain.

The uniformity of cotton quality in China is poor.

During the "12th Five-Year" period, 407 new varieties were first approved nationwide, 196 less than 11th Five-Year and 32.5% less.

In 2015, the number of first approved varieties in the country was 74, 11 less than in 2014.

Among the major provinces, Xinjiang, Hebei and Henan have 10 and 10 audits.

According to the monitoring, the number of cotton seeding varieties (lines) in China has decreased from 569 in 2010 to 344 in 2015, a decrease of 39.5%.

Affected by the reduction of sowing area, 344 cotton seeding varieties (lines) were planted in 2015, 19.4% less than that in 2014.

In recent years, the area of cotton planting in China and the United States is similar. The number of planted varieties in the United States is 120, and the number of cultivars planted in China is 2.3 to 3.8 times higher than that in the United States.

The root cause of many varieties and varieties is too many varieties of varieties. The "bottom line" of varieties of crops is broken through.

Environment,

And technical influence, the cotton production quality has the unstable characteristic, the production quality includes the early maturity and the rigidity rotten bell rate.

The index of early maturity refers to the percentage of total amount of seed cotton occupied before seed germination, and the average annual yield is 80%.

The requirement for early maturity index is more stringent.

Before frost, flowers usually achieve genetic varieties, which are good quality parts.

The rotten rate is the loss of yield and quality. Autumn wet year accounts for 20%, and autumn cool year decreases significantly.

Harvesting and harvesting technology have a significant impact on quality.

The indefinite inflorescence of cotton determines the cotton harvested for a period of 30 days.

The harvesting link was retreated from the original "four points and five sorting" to the "unified flower", and the "three silk" harmful impurities were mixed into the seed cotton, and the "sale on sale" link was deliberately mixed, causing the cotton textile industry to have a headache.

The machine picked cotton has high recovery efficiency and significantly saves labor.

However, machine harvested cotton is not classified as "unified flower", but also easily mixed with residual film.

Compared with manual harvesting, the machine picked cotton increased the process of cleaning and removing impurities, and the quality index of the flower cleaning process decreased significantly and the quality became worse.

The cotton gin process has inherent damage to the quality of raw cotton.

The sawtooth cotton gin has the characteristics of high efficiency, but also has great damage to fibers. The roller roller is low in efficiency, but it has little damage to fibers.

In November 2015, the inspection data of 100 thousand tons "bag" of Sha Ya county in southern Xinjiang were obtained, and the results were compared. The results showed that the length of cotton rolls was 29~30, 72.30%, which was 46.4 percentage points higher than that of sawtooth cotton. The damage of sawtooth embossing to the length was the smallest. In other words, sawtooth cotton ginning was generally damaged by 1.

The length uniformity index U1 and U2 accounted for 86.6%, 37.3 percentage points higher than that of sawtooth cotton, and also related to the minimum length damage.

There was little difference in micron value.

The fracture strength index S4 (24 ~ 25.9cN/tex) is 11.8 percentage points higher than that of sawtooth cotton.