What Is The Northeast Economy Now? Four Word Words To Describe

In the northeast, 4 words can settle everything! "The article lists four words, such as" quickly pull down "," big things "," give face "," not easy "and so on, which can well illustrate the resonance of Northeast People's character.

This kind of character commonality can be interpreted as having a sense of overall situation. When necessary, we can see things from the height of nation and nation, and can also be interpreted as a difficult thing to laugh at from a joke.

But in laughter, something inherent is hard to change.

Path dependence in old industrial areas

The economic downturn in Northeast China began in 2012.

All kinds of economic data are showing a declining trend. Among them, industrial enterprises' electricity consumption, railway freight volume and bank loan data all show a cliff type fall.

Compared with China in the process of industrialization, Northeast China is obviously an old industrial area.

The resource-based industrial products in Northeast China supported and supported China's early industrialization. As an important "growth pole" and a pivotal heavy industrial base that once led China's economy, the northeast region once supported China's industrialization process with its unique advantages.

With the changes of the times, the inertia and stereotype of economic development in recent decades have created some solid and deformable "path dependence" in the northeast economy.

From the perspective of industrial structure, the structure of China's industry and manufacturing industry is undergoing major changes. The domestic demand peak of most heavy chemical industries has been coming or coming soon, resulting in an excessive proportion of heavy chemical industry in Northeast China.

As the rest of China's economy becomes more balanced, the service sector is in the balance.

The proportion of manufacturing industry in Northeast China has increased from GDP to 50% in 2013, while the proportion of services in the Northeast has increased to 50% in ten.

In terms of ownership structure, the northeast economy is also unable to escape the "path dependence" of the vicious circle.

Around 2000, more than 2/3 of GDP in the region was created by state-owned enterprises. At present, this proportion has dropped to 50%, far above the national average of 30%.

The typical feature of old industrial areas and resource-based economies is that their growth power comes from regional external growth poles.

Over the past thirty years since reform and opening up, the focus of China's economy has shifted. The Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta in the eastern region have gathered the largest industry in China. These years, energy products and raw materials have been pported to these areas.

For the northeast, primary industrial goods and raw materials have been continuously pported to the south, and the more decent growth figures of the Northeast have been achieved over the years.

Once this growth drive is slowing down, the northeast as an export growth mode is bound to face a grim situation.

In all cities in China, the proportion of resource-based cities is about 20%, and resource-based cities occupy an absolute number in Northeast China.

The development of cities is highly dependent on resources, so when the resources are exhausted, the pformation of cities is impatient.

The pformation of these traditional cities is facing heavy pressure of pformation.

In the world, the pformation of cities is generally divided into four stages: Transformation of agriculture to manufacturing, pformation of manufacturing oriented service industry, pformation of traditional service owners, modernization of service industry, and pformation of capital driven innovation.

Many resource-based cities in Northeast China remain in the stage of pition from manufacturing oriented to service oriented, and the service industry occupies a smaller proportion in the whole urban economy.

It is a basic strategy for the future pformation of Northeast China to pform into service industries and emerging industries.

Fixed asset investment remains the main driving force

The most intuitive way to investigate the self-development ability of a place is to measure the quality of regional economic development by taking the proportion of fixed assets investment to GDP.

The bigger the data, the stronger the dependence of economic growth on investment.

In comparison, the development quality of the northeast is relatively low, and the ability of self development is weak. This is not surprising.

The proportion of third industries and private economy in two provinces of Heilongjiang and Jilin is smaller than the national average, and its endogenous growth capacity is higher than that of the whole country.

In these two provinces, economic growth is more dependent on fixed asset investment.

The proportion of fixed assets investment in Liaoning is smaller than that of the whole country, but the private economy is more developed, but it is still lower than the national average level.

The northeast region was the first to establish a complete industrial system.

Such economies should have strong endogenous development ability.

Since 2013, China's economy has slowed down, and the investment in fixed assets in the northeast is still the main driving force.

A single policy support can not solve the current economic predicament in Northeast China, which is totally useless in the northeast.

The economic base of the Northeast needs a thorough renovation.

Breaking the ice gate of SOEs

In Northeast China, especially in Heilongjiang, there are many closed systems surrounding specific industries.

Dragon coal group, a large coal mine group in Heilongjiang Province, the cities where its main factories and mines are located, namely, Jixi, Hegang, Shuangyashan and Qitaihe, continue the system of single coal economy.

In Jixi, the Dragon coal group assumes a complete set of social functions. This set of public service system corresponds to the large number of retired employees of Jixi mining group.

Once there is a problem in the operation of coal mines, all subsystems attached to the coal mine will lose blood immediately, and the salaries of teachers will not come out, and hospitals will be difficult to operate.

These cities, relying on industrial and mining areas, also want to be independent from the "enterprise running the society".

But the development process of "having mines first and then towns" has caused serious dependence and made it difficult for them to be independent.

In Northeast China, central enterprises and provincial SOEs tend to be large in size, and their common characteristics are relatively closed.

In the whole economic and social body, dynamic private enterprises and small and micro enterprises are always difficult to become the mainstream of Northeast China.

The four pillar industries in Changchun are not strong industrial links between automobiles and parts, deep-processing of agricultural products, biopharmaceutical and optoelectronics.

Lack of effective docking with the market

Docking with the market is a systematic project that affects the government and enterprises.

If the Northeast stall is the deterioration of the external market environment, it is certainly a good policy to re connect the northeast to the market.

Take grain as an example.

Northeast China, as China's north barn, plays an important role in grain production. It is an important area that carries food security in China. The output of commodity grain in the three northeastern provinces ranks first in the country. After China's traditional Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces have become industrial plants, black land has become the first place to ensure China's food security.

The number of grain production in the northeast is the first, but the contribution rate of grain to the northeast economy is very small.

Northeast food, whether soybean or rice and corn, is under the control of the state. As a bulk commodity, grain is often in a passive situation when dealing with price changes in the international market.

In the soybean market of China, the majority of soybeans in the main producing areas of Northeast China become soybeans, which are sold to the state as reserve grain.

The raw material soybeans imported from the South and coastal oil processing plants circulated in the market come from imports.

The lack and vacancy of the market are concentrated on the various production and marketing markets of grain.

As the main producing area of soybean, Northeast China has been lagging behind in the construction of futures market. Many coastal grain processing enterprises have set up futures delivery repository.

Grain futures market is very important for the development of bulk agricultural products industry.

As a region of large grain producing provinces and commodity crops, the Northeast China should have established a grain trading system.

The Dalian mercantile exchange is the only futures exchange in the northeast and North China, but its role still has much room for improvement.

Without market trading platform, there is no right to participate and speak.

Corn and rice produced in the Northeast have not formed a large-scale trading market within the province.

Northeast Auricularia auricula is good, but buying black fungus will go to Dongying, Shandong, which is the distribution center of edible fungus.

One way output, no trading nodes and logistics distribution, the grain industry contributed to the northeast region's economic contribution rate is naturally low.

Manufacturing industry is in urgent need of pformation and upgrading.

At home and abroad, "made in Shenyang" and "made in Changchun" still occupy a certain position. Northeast China still has a solid industrial foundation. The northeast manufacturing industry, represented by the northern heavy industry, is still a benchmark enterprise in China's industrialization, and is a huge stock of manufacturing resources in China.

From an international perspective, if the technology level of the northeast manufacturing industry, especially the equipment manufacturing industry, wants to occupy a leading position, it needs to be pformed and upgraded.

The Internet era provides a low cost trial and error for the upgrading of manufacturing industry, and the opportunity to see the effect quickly. Relying on the "Internet +" and its own industrial foundation and natural conditions, the northeast manufacturing industry can completely re industrialize and restore its past glory.

From an economic point of view, revitalize the huge industrial stock resources in Northeast China is the most economical and cost-effective choice.

Once the modernization of manufacturing industry is pformed by traditional industrial enterprises, it will release great vitality, which is equivalent to half of China's strategic goal of becoming a manufacturing power in ten years.

with

To revitalize and optimize the stock of manufacturing industry, first of all, we must introduce talents or inspire the creativity of researchers.

In this field, the manufacturing enterprises in Northeast China still have institutional obstacles to overcome.

In the past two years, two chief designers have left the northern heavy industry, and they are the "leading men" of the R & D team. The loss of such top talents has great influence on the innovation ability of enterprises.

In southern China's private enterprises, a new mechanism of "privatization of knowledge, commercialization of products, life-long benefit system and capitalization of property rights" has been widely applied to talents in the southern part of China. After the pfer of scientific and technological achievements, they can get one-time rewards and benefit from the whole life cycle of products, so as to attract and retain high-end talents.

But this flexible and market-oriented mechanism has rarely succeeded in state-owned enterprises in Northeast China. The invention and creation of state-owned scientific and technological personnel are all the result of their jobs. All intellectual property rights are owned by the state, and scientific and technological personnel earn a bonus at most.

To bring the leading role of scientific and technological innovation into full play, we must take the lead in breaking the institutional barriers that impede talent innovation.

In these respects, the pilot policy of Zhongguancun national innovation demonstration area has been successfully tested in the aspects of disposition of scientific and technological achievements, income rights and equity incentives.

What the Northeast wants to do is to introduce these successful experiences into northeast China with a sense of urgency.

Of course, these experiences seem to be simple duplication, but actually they are systems engineering. They need to be bold enough to dare to act for others, to face the obstacles of institutional mechanisms, and push ahead with reform.

People's ideology can not be changed. Local governments should set an example and play a leading role in bringing in advanced systems in other parts of China in recent years, such as the introduction of equity investors, the introduction of new management methods, and the encouragement of enterprises to list through various channels.

Only by increments with new economic elements will it be possible to gradually change the old system.

The industrial structure of Northeast China and its location and status in China are quite similar to those of Ruhr and Pittsburgh.

Of course, the pformation and development of the northeast region can not jump away from such a development rule, that is, following the historical cycle of "re industrialization" or "new industrialization", looking for the opportunity to rise again.

China's huge economy and the advancing "one belt and one way" national strategy are creating global market space for China's manufacturing industry.

From the whole world

Since the outbreak, manufacturing has once again become the focus of competition among countries.

The traditional manufacturing industry is undergoing profound changes in terms of production mode, business mode and industrial form.

In order to win the new competitive advantage of manufacturing industry, both the traditional manufacturing power and manufacturing power are facing a new round of manufacturing revolution.

This is a historical window of "re industrialization". In this window period, the Northeast needs to get rid of the traditional "path dependence", optimize the stock, make good use of the increment, and rebuild the system and mechanism, and renew the concept.

We must resolutely break through the obstacles of system and mechanism, and form an institutional mechanism that is fully connected with the market and full of internal vitality.