"Change" And "Invariable" Of Minimum Wage Standard

Since April 1st this year, the minimum wage in Shanghai has been raised again, and it has been 23 years since the minimum wage system has been implemented in all parts of the country in 1994.

In 1992, Shenzhen took the lead in trying out the minimum wage standard. By 1994, the minimum wage was written into the labor law, and the minimum wage system was becoming more and more perfect. For Shanghai, the minimum wage increased from 1450 yuan in 2012 to 2190 yuan in 2016, an increase of 51%, and its standards increased year by year.

In addition to changes in the system and standards, the impact of the minimum wage in the city is also changing.

Perhaps in the past, most concerned about the minimum wage adjustment is security, cleanliness, home economics and other low-end service industries, their wages are always posted on the bottom line "low flying", the minimum wage standard means that the increase in wages, the most direct impact determines that they are very sensitive to the standard moment.

However, in recent years, the population directly affected has changed.

"Urgent business building security, bags, room and board, the monthly salary of not less than 5000 yuan / month......"

This is a notice advertised by a reporter on a blue collar website. Although the company's security salary is not low, it is definitely not high.

Reporters in several other blue collar recruitment website search found that the current security positions monthly salary mostly concentrated in the 3000 yuan to 5000 yuan interval, high reached 8000 yuan to 12000 yuan, even if the price of 3000 yuan to 5000 yuan of the company, the final negotiated price is rarely the lowest standard.

Mr. Zhao, a personnel manager of a security company in Shanghai, told reporters that the salary of security personnel has changed substantially in recent years.

"Do not mention the minimum wage standard, that is, our company has 5000 yuan a month, often do not recruit people, the original work in the company has lost a large number of personnel to take away, express and other industries, those industries generally implement the Commission wage system, the final income is basically higher than here, so the company is recruiting security all year round.

Mr. Zhao disclosed that the company has undertaken many projects and needs a large number of personnel. The annual recruitment and loss has indeed increased a lot of operating costs.

Although it can not be said that all security companies are facing the same situation, they represent at least the majority of Companies in terms of their size and position in the industry.

Reporters in the interview of cleaning company, home economics company also found the same situation, many enterprises complain that no one can recruit, even if the monthly salary of home economics aunt to 4000 yuan, few people are willing to be "monthly" by an employer.

Miss Li, who has a senior citizen at home, needs to hire a full-time aunt. The fixed expenditure of 4000 yuan a month does not mean that he will pay overtime during holidays, and he will also pack red envelopes in the new year. Sometimes he will pay a high temperature for high temperature days.

In recent years, the emergence and expansion of non-traditional services such as express delivery and takeaway have diverted traditional service personnel, the gradual disappearance of demographic dividend and the improvement of the overall pay level of the service industry. The impact on traditional service industries such as security and home economics is not small. Under the market in short supply, the traditional service industry also has to attract more personnel such as salary adjustment. These industries are no longer the exclusive "territory" for the implementation of minimum wage standards.

Although the average salary of security, cleaning and other industries has leapt out of the minimum wage line, there are still many people who have paid seven thousand or eight thousand or even ten thousand yuan a month in an interview to admit that the adjustment of minimum wage standards has an impact on them.

Reporters found that these people included the express delivery and takeaway industries mentioned above, as well as many salesmen in the enterprises. Their common point is that the composition of salary is divided into basic salary and royalty bonus. Under normal circumstances, the minimum wage is the lowest labor line in the city.

Xiao Xiao, a courier brother, worked in a courier company. According to him, when signing a labor contract with the company, he had already written that the basic salary was 2190 yuan per month, and then he made more than the percentage of commission.

"The company will pay every year, the Commission is not convenient to operate this part, basically is the basic wage this part, the minimum wage rise point, it also followed the rise point."

As for the impact of the minimum wage adjustment on them, Xiao Chiang frankly said, "how much will have a little impact, but the impact is limited," after all, we mainly rely on the Commission to live.

In addition to the influence of the minimum wage adjustment, people who have just graduated or are in school practice think that the increase of standards will have an impact on them.

"My classmates and I will work in restaurants when we are free, earn some pocket money, and add some experience of social practice. At present, the standard of hourly workers in most restaurants is the hourly wage standard of the minimum wage in Shanghai."

Accordingly, Xiao Lin, who is still studying in higher vocational colleges, believes that even if he has not stepped into the workplace, he will more or less be influenced by the adjustment of "rules" in the workplace.

It is fair to say that the income group with minimum wage should be the most popular standard. However, in a practical interview with reporters, it is found that they seem more calm and rational about the standard upgrades.

"Take last year, it has risen by about 170 yuan, and my income has also increased by 170 yuan.

Although it is always good to have a rise, actually, the more than 100 yuan has little impact on my life. "

Assigned by community to work as co Manager

Mr. Zhang said in an interview that compared with the wage increase of one hundred or two hundred yuan, he paid more attention to whether the enterprises paid their social security in full, whether the enterprise had annual leave system, and whether there was any allowance such as stickers and stickers.

In his view, a sound welfare system is much more practical than simple wage increases. If the enterprises are forced to raise their wages, on the other hand, they will be compensated by cutting other allowances.

Mr. Zhang's argument has also been confirmed here.

The owner of the restaurant, Mr. Zhang, said that now the job applicants have several questions: how much is the monthly salary? Do they pay the social insurance premiums? How many days a week do they take? How long do they spend a day? In the eyes of Mr. Zhang, social security and accommodation directly affect the quality of life of the low-income group.

"Seeing a doctor needs money now, eating and living is a big expense of living expenses. Shanghai has high housing prices, and the cost of renting and food is high. People with low incomes have to consider these expenses.

There are also some migrant workers who want their children to study in Shanghai, failing to pay social security directly affecting their children's enrollment.

The higher cost of living, and the bad practices of some enterprises to reduce labor costs, compelled those low-income groups affected by the minimum wage increase to focus their attention on other aspects that affect the quality of life and the actual gains. Whether the minimum wage standard was raised or not was not as sensitive as expected.

"The adjustment of minimum wage standards is a comprehensive consideration of the government in all aspects. We should consider whether the enterprise can afford to go, how much it can be accepted, but for everyone of us, this is a simple comparison between this year and last year, the same expenses, the money on hand is not wide enough."

Mr. Zhang speaks very directly.

Since the implementation of the minimum wage system, the controversy over this system can be said to be "going all the way" without interruption.

"Wages can not rise, and wage increases can only replace machines, which eventually leads to the loss of jobs for low-income workers."

The voice has been spread for a long time.

In the past interviews, there was a manufacturing enterprise that said that the minimum wage standard had not been adjusted, but there were too many factors, such as medical treatment, probation, and so on, and the increase of social security costs, and the burden of enterprises would increase a lot.

However, after a few years of continuous interviews with the effect of the minimum wage adjustment, this year, reporters heard different voices.

"Rising prices and rising housing prices and rising minimum wage standards are inevitable trends. As a guarantee for the government, the bottom is always needed.

From this perspective, enterprises fully understand.

In other words, under the market economy, the relationship between supply and demand of labor is an important factor determining the price of labor. The rising cost of living determines the anticipation of employees' salary increase. Even if the government does not intervene through administrative means, it is inevitable for enterprises to retain people and raise salaries.

Therefore, instead of keeping eyes on wages, it is better to reduce the efficiency through other channels and means.

In the view of Mr. Xue, a personnel manager of a "fast moving" enterprise, the rise of the minimum wage standard is already a "Convention". Although it has certain impact on some enterprises, the impact is limited.

On the contrary, the voice of tax reduction and reduction is more conducive to reducing the burden on enterprises.

In view of this, Su Hainan, vice president of the Chinese labour society, has the same statement.

He thinks, because the cost pressure of enterprises can not be simply judged, it is because wages have gone too fast.

Su Hainan said, "to reduce labor costs, we should not just focus on wages. Instead, we should focus on social security rates and other system costs to promote overall cost reduction."

In addition, he suggested that efforts should be made to promote technological innovation, technological process, management level and personnel training.

Meanwhile, we should reasonably arrange wage growth.

Reporters noted that the opening of the national two sessions this year, one of the main contents of Premier Li Keqiang's "government report" is to further reduce taxes and reduce fees.

The report puts forward that we should expand the scope of half income tax concessions for small and micro enterprises, increase the maximum annual taxable income from 300 thousand yuan to 500 thousand yuan, and increase the deduction ratio of R & D expenses of small and medium-sized enterprises from 50% to 75%.

Many fees and charges have made many enterprises overburdened. They should reduce the non tax burden substantially. First, we should comprehensively clean up and standardize government funds, abolish additional funds for urban utilities and so on, and authorize local governments to reduce and exempt some funds independently.

The two is to cancel or stop the central government involved in enterprise administrative fees, 35 items, and then reduce the number of fees by more than half.

All regions should also reduce the administrative fees of enterprises involved.

The three is to reduce operating charges related to government pricing, to clean up canceling administrative fees and fees, and to reduce operational fees in financial, railway freight and other fields.

Four is to continue to appropriately reduce the "five risks and one gold" related to the proportion of contributions.

Five, we should deepen the reform and improve policies to reduce the institutional paction costs and reduce the cost of energy and logistics.

In Mr. Xue's opinion, the further implementation and promotion of tax reduction and reduction will be more immediate for the burden reduction of enterprises, which can enhance the sense of employee acquisition and at the same time reduce the cost and efficiency of enterprises. This is the win-win situation that we all like to see.

The minimum wage rate is determined by reference to the lowest living expenses of local employed persons and their supporting population, the average wage of workers, the productivity of labor, the employment situation of cities and towns, and the level of economic development.

The implementation of the minimum wage standard embodies the basic economic ethics, which enables the lower class workers to have a comprehensive guarantee of their labor rights and interests, so that they can enjoy their own lives while watching others earn large sums of money, which is undoubtedly conducive to enhancing social harmony.

Since it is a safeguard measure with a bottom up, the content of its protection should be legally based and unambiguous.

According to the minimum wage regulation, the minimum wage standard generally adopts the form of monthly minimum wage standard and minimum wage standard.

The monthly minimum wage is applicable to full-time employed labourers, and the hourly minimum wage standard applies to part-time workers.

After the implementation of the minimum wage standard, if the relevant factors stipulated in the sixth provision of this regulation change, it should be adjusted at the right time.

Minimum wage standards should be adjusted at least once every two years.

In addition, the minimum wage is composed of the following items: the first one is the extension of the statutory working hours, and (two) the allowances for the middle class, night shift, high temperature, low temperature, underground, toxic and harmful special working conditions; and (three) other income which is not included in the minimum wage stipulated by the municipal labor and Social Security Bureau.

Workers' insurance and welfare benefits prescribed by laws, regulations and regulations shall not be included in the minimum wage.

In addition, the monthly minimum wage in Shanghai does not include the social insurance premiums and housing provident funds paid by individual workers according to law. These should be paid separately by the employer, that is, the net income actually obtained.

If a piece or royalty is paid, the actual remuneration of the workers shall not be lower than the monthly minimum wage.

If a worker who has formed a full-time labor contract relationship is not satisfied with the normal labor provided during the statutory working hours for personal reasons, the monthly minimum wage shall be converted according to the actual labor time provided.

Workers who form full-time labor contract relationships enjoy statutory holidays and weddings and funeral leave and participate in social activities according to law, which is regarded as providing normal labor.

Trade union organizations have the right to supervise the implementation of the minimum wage standards, and find that enterprises pay the wages of workers below the minimum wage standards.

And the social security administration.

If the enterprise violates these provisions and pays the wages of the workers below the minimum wage standard, the administrative department of human resources and social security shall order them to reissue the amount of the amount paid according to the minimum wage standard within a specified time limit, and pay the compensation according to the relevant provisions of the state.

The increase of minimum wage standards will not only increase the wages of workers on the original minimum wage line, but also enjoy a series of treatment such as the enjoyment of social security benefits, paid leave, and probationary wages.

In addition, the rise in minimum wage standards has far-reaching implications for certain special populations.

1, rest sick leave staff wages labor department "on the implementation of the" People's Republic of China labor law "several issues of the views of the fifty-ninth provision: workers sick or non occupational injuries during treatment, the prescribed period of medical treatment by the enterprise according to the relevant provisions to pay their sick leave or sickness relief fees, sick leave or sickness relief costs can be lower than the local minimum wage standard, but can not be lower than the minimum wage standard of 80%.

If the minimum wage is increased, the sick pay will be increased correspondingly according to the minimum wage standard.

2. According to the relevant regulations, the units and individuals who are unemployed before they lose their jobs for 1 years are less than 10 years old. They are paid 70% according to the minimum wage standard, and those who have been unemployed for 10 years or more are paid 80% according to the minimum working standard. After the minimum wage is raised, the unemployment insurance premium for the unemployed workers will increase correspondingly.

3. Women's maternity leave wages are usually paid according to the average wage of the company in the previous year. If the minimum wage standard is raised, the average wage will increase. Is the wages higher then?

4, stop and stop production enterprises wages "

The twelfth provision of the Interim Provisions provides that the employer shall pay the wages of the laborers according to the standards stipulated in the labor contract if the unit stops or stops production due to the reasons of the workers.

If more than one wage payment cycle is provided, if the worker provides normal labor, the remuneration paid to the worker must not be lower than the local minimum wage standard.

Before, some experts worried that the minimum wage standard would increase the cost of low-end labor, and for small and medium enterprises with low labor force, labor costs would rise a lot.

If it exceeds the capacity of the enterprise, it will lead to bankruptcy.

Mo Rong, director of the international labor and Social Security Research Institute of the Ministry of human resources and social affairs, believes that as long as the wage growth level does not exceed the level of labor productivity growth, this growth can be sustained.

Su Hainan believes that the general wage and welfare level of ordinary workers is still low and the future should be gradually raised. This is the general trend.

For many reporters mentioned in the interview, many enterprises are faced with the pressure of "no pay increase and no recruiting people." Song Xiaowu, director of the China economic reform research foundation, believes that this is precisely because of the low labor income in the long run.

As China's economy has entered a new normal of growth rate decline, structural adjustment and power pformation, China's labor wages have also entered the "new normal".

Under the new normal, we must change the way of development, and we can not rely on or even lower the cost of labor to seek growth.

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