"Labor Shortage" Is The Source Of Spanformation Of Textile And Garment Enterprises.

"Talent oriented" is one of the five basic principles of the "made in China 2025" plan. China Spin The Spring Research Report of the Federation of industry shows that textile intelligent manufacturing, represented by big data, new technologies such as Internet of things, AI and so on, is based on cultural creativity, fashion media, and so on. In 2018, brand Marketing as representative. fashion Brand ecosystem operation, with the new economy represented by sharing economy, platform economy, personalized customization, and so on, the demand for innovative talents in various industries is constantly improving.

Shortage of qualified personnel

At present, there are three outstanding problems in the employment of textile and garment industry. One is the difficulty of recruiting workers and the mobility of workers. The two is that the average age of workers on duty is generally higher, and that the intergenerational replacement is faulting. The "85 after" workers are increasingly scarce. Three, there is a problem of "introducing difficulties and retaining difficulties" for high-end design and research talents and senior marketing management personnel.

For example, the labor demand of textile industry in Qingshan Lake area of Jiangxi is 80 thousand, the actual labor force is only 60 thousand, and the labor force gap is 20 thousand. Hunan Huarong textile and garment enterprises, such as machine repair, car blocking and other front-line workers are lacking. Hubei Xiantao industry is still facing the development of old problems such as the age of operators and recruitment difficulties. Local enterprises in Wuxi reflect that the mobility of front-line staff has increased, and the recruitment of enterprises in Wuxi has been decreasing year by year.

Not only are these areas, including Fujian, Guangdong and other southeastern coastal areas, Shaanxi, Xinjiang and other central and western regions are also widespread in the community's cognitive bias against the textile and garment industry, as well as the new generation of employment population of the concept of employment alienation, so that the textile and garment industry talent gap gradually increased. In addition, the new generation of employment population also has higher requirements for supporting facilities in the employment area, and the recruitment of enterprises close to the core urban area is relatively easy.

At the same time, many industries and enterprises in Fujian and other places are facing the problem of "the two generation of succession". They are facing challenges in changing management mode and selecting managers.

In contrast to other provinces, Anhui and Jiangxi, as traditional provinces that export labor to the developed coastal areas, have entered a new era of "continuing outflow of outgoing population" in recent years.

According to the world clothing shoes and hats net, the data of Anhui Provincial Bureau of statistics have returned to five years in 2017. A sample survey of the population changes in 2017 showed that 10 million 575 thousand people were out of Anhui and 85 thousand were out of the population. This is basically the same as last year, accounting for 14% of the resident population. Combined with the survey and research enterprise, the land use of enterprises is obvious. In Anhui Wuhu Sun Village textile cluster, 22 thousand employees and 90% locals; Wangjiang textile industrial cluster indicates 17 thousand employees and 85% locals.

Enterprises in Anhui and Jiangxi are mostly processing enterprises. In recent years, they have begun to build brands gradually, and secondly, the shortage of brand operation talents. Compared to the lack of front-line staff, the lack of brand operation talents is more serious. It is difficult to recruit talents, and it is also difficult to retain talents after the introduction.

The rise of intelligent manufacturing

With the change of China's social demographic structure, most of the newcomers are single children, unwilling to engage in factory production. Even if they are reluctant to work night shifts, the difficulty of recruiting workers is becoming more and more prominent, forcing enterprises to accelerate the spanformation of intelligence.

Xiamen Wei Das Garments Co., Ltd. nearly 3000 square meters of cutting workshop is particularly "empty", less than 10 workers. This is due to the company's spending of 10 million yuan in October last year, the introduction of automatic cutting machine, intelligent hanging production line, intelligent template machine and other clothing intelligent manufacturing system, production efficiency increased by more than 30%, product quality is more standardized.

Zhejiang Hengyi group's 3 million ton filament project in Haining, employing 1200 workers, 800 of them are senior technical talents in electrical and mechanical fields, and the structure of talents in the industry has changed.

Jiangsu Huafang group has provided a very convincing data. Compared with 2006, the group's yarn and fabric production capacity and output have not been reduced, but the number of related employees has dropped from nearly 40 thousand to 11 thousand in 2017.

Jiangsu's sail apparel has upgraded 200 SHIMADZU flat knitted flat knitting machines. The artificial demand for sweaters has been greatly reduced and the efficiency has been greatly improved.

Wuxi Heng Tian Textile Co., Ltd. garment manufacturing workshop constantly update and improve the automation of a single process, at the same time to complex skills, but also try to make the entire production line intelligent. Heng Tian hopes that through the power of science and technology, the production efficiency will reach 5~10 times in 2016 after 5~10 years.

In Zhejiang, besides the good news birds and Zhuang Ji, for most small and medium-sized clothing enterprises, the development of intelligent manufacturing is more inclined to solve the practical problems of enterprises rather than blind development. Through the existing equipment spanformation, focusing on practicality and less investment, it can significantly improve efficiency. In addition, intelligent manufacturing can reduce labor demand while reducing the demand for manual proficiency.

Textile and garment enterprises in Hebei, Hunan and other places are actively pushing through the "machine substitution" and "intelligent manufacturing" to reduce staff and increase efficiency, which not only effectively solves the shortage of employment, but also alleviates the pressure brought by the continuous rise in labor costs.

Directional Cultivation

In order to stabilize the workforce, many enterprises in Huarong, Hunan have increased the treatment of workers, and the cost of labor has been higher than that in developed coastal areas. In the survey, many enterprises emphasized that the industry should be people-oriented, changing from human cost to human capital, and industrial workers are the strength of the real economy. So how to train qualified industrial workers? How to make up for the gap between classroom and industry? How to tap local labor resources?

Most of the textile enterprises in Shaanxi adopt competitive employment and incentive mechanisms to cultivate talents to meet the needs of the development of enterprises, optimize the allocation of personnel posts, introduce talents into various sectors in key sectors and key posts, pay attention to training of grass-roots managers and professionals, focus on improving theoretical level and professional skills, enhance R & D, technological innovation and other aspects, co-ordinate the systematic training of functional departments, strengthen close business knowledge training with daily work, and integrate ideological education, system education and skill education to improve the overall quality of cadres.

Textile colleges and universities in Tianjin, Shanghai and other places are promoting the training of talents, scientific research and social services in the process of establishing a talent training mechanism jointly discussed by three parties, namely, schools, industries and enterprises. For enterprises to carry out vocational training, for example, 2014~2016 for 3 consecutive years to Nanshan Group to carry out training, at the same time, more than 30 wool textile enterprises in Yinchuan to school training.

Guangdong, Fujian and other places also saw the importance of nurturing reserve talents in the regional industry. In succession, they proposed that talents need to be incremented, more needed to revitalize the stock, and more external masters of fashion resources were injected through the platform of colleges and universities, and the local employment rate was improved through the cooperation mechanism of industry, University and research. For example, Career Technical College in Guangdong has trained professionals in Guangdong for 5 consecutive years. At present, the most sought after students in the college are graduates of dyeing and finishing technology college. On the one hand, they reflect the competitiveness of applied professional talents and reflect the industry's thirst for professional talents.

At the same time, Guangdong, Fujian and other places are also working hard to solve the problems most concerned by front-line workers, such as wages and benefits, working environment, housing and children's education for migrant workers, and so on. We should increase resources support, stabilize the management of design talents, make full use of local policies and measures and advantageous resources, and provide supporting services for the introduction of talents. For example, fashion supporting engineering construction, traffic network construction and community construction, improve planning level and optimize the development environment. Among the more than 4000 traders in Guangzhou International Textile City, 1/3 comes from Chaoshan, 20% from south of the Five Ridges, 20% from Wenzhou, and the rest from all over the country, and the siphon effect on talents is obvious. In particular, the demand for the design ability of clothing, the demand for the design talent is increasingly high, the absorption capacity is gradually enhanced, and also for the development of the market into the new vitality.

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