Can The Expansion Of Medical Students And The Expansion Of Medical Schools Solve The Pain Of Medical Personnel Training?

Under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, medical education has aroused renewed concern.

The Ministry of education has made relevant plans in order to strengthen medical education and train front-line medical and nursing personnel. In May 26th, the Ministry of Education issued the circular on the central government's financial support for the recruitment and training of undergraduate medical students in the central and western rural areas in 2020. It is clear that this year, 6822 people will be trained to order five year undergraduate medical students, an increase of 122 over last year. At the same time, this year, the enrollment quota of the graduate student of the Ministry of education will also focus on clinical medicine, public health and other fields.

On the other hand, many comprehensive colleges and universities are also actively developing medical related disciplines. This year, many first-rate universities have established medical related colleges, focusing on the construction of medical related disciplines, including East China Normal University, Beihang University, Tsinghua University, Hainan University, Tsinghua University, South University of science and technology, and etc.

Zhuang Yiqiang, director of the hospital management research center in Guangzhou Aili hospital, told the twenty-first Century economic reporter: "the biggest shortcoming of our current medical education is the confusion of educational system. Doctors from different regions and hospitals only have five years of undergraduate education. Some of them have graduated from the eight year system. There are still some differences in their level. Besides, the shortage of medical personnel is different. "There is a lack of medical students. There is still a large number of students who have not graduated from clinical medicine."

Strengthening the layout of medical education in Universities

Since the outbreak of the disease, the public has made systematic reflection on the prevention and control of public health and infectious diseases. The construction of public health discipline has been responded by many universities. Huang Qifan, chairman of the industrial transformation Advisory Committee of the Internet Industry Research Institute of Tsinghua University, suggested that the Ministry of education should encourage the establishment of high-quality public health colleges by double first class universities (the original 985 or 211 universities) instead of only medical schools to set up this profession, and vigorously strengthen the training of public health and epidemic prevention personnel and basic scientific research.

The school of public health should become a key word now. Since 2020, Tsinghua University has established the Vanke public health and Health College of Tsinghua University, and the South University of science and technology has set up the school of public health and emergency management, and Nankai University has set up the Institute of public health and health. With the expansion of the enrollment scale of public health graduates this year, this discipline has reached unprecedented degree of engagement and social concern.

The construction and development of public health discipline and the construction of public health service system are urgent tasks. However, the trend of medical related disciplines in universities has sprung up.

In 1998, Zhejiang University merged with Zhejiang Medical University. Subsequently, a number of 985 colleges and universities, such as Peking University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Fudan University, Fudan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong and China, established medical schools by merging medical schools. In addition, some universities, such as Tianjin University and Chongqing University, have made up for gaps in academic subjects by building medical schools themselves.

As the champion of Natural Science Fund, medicine means that the strength of medical related disciplines will affect the evaluation of scientific research strength and the income of scientific research to a large extent. According to statistics, most of the natural science foundation projects awarded by major universities are medical related projects. For example, the total number of Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 2019 amounted to 1199 items. Among them, the number of medical projects was 632, occupying half of the country.

In addition, the establishment of affiliated hospitals and teaching hospitals is also the focus of medical discipline construction in universities. In June 6th, Shanghai Univer reached a deepening strategic cooperation agreement with Baoshan District, and Renhe Hospital and Luo Dian hospital were affiliated hospitals. In May 13th, the Nanjing Medical University reached a strategic cooperation agreement with Yancheng City, and founded the Yancheng Clinical Medical College Based on the third people's Hospital of Yancheng City. Cooperation between hospitals and universities is win-win. Universities provide professional talents for hospitals. Hospitals provide practical and scientific resources for universities, which is of great significance for improving the level of regional medical services.

"A comprehensive university set up a large number of medical schools to a certain extent in order to improve their rankings, and this year's expansion of medical postgraduate enrollment is actually an expansion of the entire postgraduate field, to a certain extent, easing the pressure of employment, and whether it really plays a role in providing more medical professionals." Zhuang Yiqiang told the twenty-first Century economic news reporter.

On the other hand, the integration of medical science and engineering technology has also become the direction of medical progress.

Shanghai Univer construction medical cross Research Institute, also aiming at the combination of medicine and engineering. Based on the disciplinary advantages of its comprehensive universities, it will focus on the medical problems of population aging and public health, explore new breakthroughs in instrument manufacturing, new materials development technologies, new methods of intelligent detection, and new ways of accurate diagnosis, and carry out research on medical engineering and translational medicine, so as to provide a plan for the development of geriatrics and public health.

Many colleges and universities that are famous in engineering have adopted the mode of combining medicine and engineering to build medicine and related disciplines. Beihang University set up the Institute of biological and medical engineering in 2008, and built a bridge between engineering and biomedicine. In 2016, the biomedical engineering center of Beijing city and the center of precision medical data of Beijing were set up as an important carrier of breakthrough mechanism, medical innovation and achievements transformation. Tsinghua University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Tongji University, Harbin Institute of Technology, and other traditional engineering schools have also started the disciplinary construction mode of medical workers.

Difficulties in medical education

Despite the active layout of medical education in major universities, the reality that we have to face is that the difficulty of medical education in China is still concentrated in the relatively uneven level of education quality and quality of regulation and training.

China's existing medical education system varies from 3 to 8 years, including 3, 5, 7 and 8 years of clinical medical education system: 3 years of graduate degree, 5 years of medical bachelor's degree, 7 years of medical master's degree, and a medical doctorate in eight years.

The medical education system presents a complicated and chaotic situation. Medical students' training includes basic education in medical schools and a few years of clinical training. However, there are incompatible problems in the post graduation education under the jurisdiction of higher education and health departments, resulting in confusion in the training mode of medical students, repeated clinical training and increasing the cost of training doctors.

Since 2015, our country has implemented the "5+3" (5 years clinical medicine undergraduate education +3 resident standardized training or 3 year clinical medicine master degree graduate education) as the main body, "3+2" (3 years clinical medical education +2 year assistant general practitioner training) to supplement the clinical medical talents training system.

In addition, according to the "China health system in transition" released by the who's Asia Pacific Health System and policy observation, while the enrollment expansion is expanding, the teaching staff has not correspondingly increased, which may reduce the quality of medical education. In addition, the old curriculum design, too much emphasis on biomedical technology and neglect of ethics and professional spirit education are also the difficulties faced by medical education.

The chief physician of a number of tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou said to the twenty-first Century economic news reporter that the quality of young doctors in hospitals in recent years is obviously decreasing year by year.

In the world, standardized training of doctors is the most rigorous part of vocational training, and is also an insurmountable step to the clinical path. In January 12, 2016, the official micro-blog of the national health and Family Planning Commission released the policy of Guiding Opinions on the pilot system of standardized training for specialists. Based on the training of resident doctors for the past three years, the specialist training for 2~4 has been increased. The National Health Planning Commission has repeatedly mentioned that they used the model of the most advanced countries in the world.

China is making up classes to promote the standardized training of licensed practitioners. The purpose of GP is to achieve the homogenization of doctors. Patients who rush to big city hospitals do not yearn for the convenience and development of big cities, nor do they admire the excellent decoration and digitalization process of large hospitals.

However, due to the difference of training mode and geographical area, the abnormal separation of doctors in China is very different from abilities, academic qualifications, practical skills and theoretical level.

In the past, there was a lack of standardized training system. Most medical students graduated from medical schools and were directly allocated to hospitals for clinical work without the training of two disciplines. The ability and level of the future depend on the conditions of the provincial and county hospitals. This is also the root cause of the increasing disparity between hospitals at all levels.

However, even after the implementation of the regulation training system, the discipline training problem in China is still very obvious. On the one hand, the training is low, unable to retain young doctors to endure the long training cycle; on the other hand, the actual clinical training is relatively rough.

The problem of regulation training in China lies in the fact that there is no due boundary between domestic residents, attending doctors, subtropical high and positive height. The training of doctors in different hospitals and departments may be completely different. There are no normative principles to follow, and more are the rules established by hospitals and departments.

In this regard, the responsibilities of Attending (Consultant), Fellow (Registrar) and Resident (Medical officer) are clear in both the US and Singapore's teaching hospitals. Fellow and Resident also have their own training programs. This standardized and unified training enables a doctor to mobilize in different hospitals, which is convenient and unobstructed: as long as through training, the title is recognized in any hospital; at the same time, any hospital has the same working system. Secondly, there is a lack of standardized and unified treatment in the specialized field of our country, even though different teams in the same hospital may treat differently.

The founder and CEO of the joint physician group of Weill hospital, Guangdong, told reporters on twenty-first Century economic report that the Discipline Training of medical education is relatively rough at the present stage, and that the direction of future medical education development should be directed towards stricter disciplinary training.

Taking the United States as an example, its discipline and training mode is world-famous for its strictness and hardship, and its time is even longer than that of China. Medical education in the United States is unified for 4 (undergraduate) +4 (Medical College) +3 to 5 (resident) +2 to 3 (specialist) =13 to 16 years. In contrast, the quality of medical education in China is uneven.

"In the United States, as long as doctors are called systematic, unified and rigorous training, but the actual level of doctors in China is quite different. Chinese doctors, who have graduated from secondary vocational schools in three years, or graduated from high school through four years of junior college, work in village clinics. They are active in village health centers and township hospitals, and have passed 8 years and longer Shi Jianpei. It is also known as doctors in the third tier hospitals in the first tier cities, but the actual level is quite different. To some extent, the state is also trying to solve such problems through directional training of free undergraduates in rural areas. However, it is not only a question of medical education that the best students give up learning medicine, but also involves various aspects of the treatment of doctors. Zhuang Yiqiang said.

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