Survey: Survival Situation Of Foreign Trade Enterprises Such As Shoes, Shoes And Materials Under The Financial Crisis
"If you come back to Humen next week, my garment processing plant will no longer exist." Wang Hai used a piece of cloth to wipe the plane on the desk. There was a layer of dust on the phone. It was obvious that no one answered the phone for a long time.
王海聯(lián)告訴記者，最近正忙著為自己的工廠“料理后事”。他的工廠位于虎門鎮(zhèn)一條偏僻的小巷內(nèi)，極難尋找?；㈤T鎮(zhèn)是東莞八大支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)之一——服裝業(yè)的重鎮(zhèn)，這里是服裝加工企業(yè)的聚集地。在東莞市的外貿(mào)出口中，虎門一直占據(jù)很大的比重。去年以來(lái)，虎門鎮(zhèn)一部分外銷的服裝加工廠，在全球金融危機(jī)中倒閉、停業(yè)。這種局面，今年還在持續(xù)。
究竟是哪些原因?qū)е铝诉@些企業(yè)的消亡？
Wang Hailian is the only boss who can be interviewed by reporters. The more than 10 year old Shantou boss, who was "mixed up" in the clothing industry of Humen, said, "I know all the bosses around the bankrupt business, but don't bother to find them. Because every bankrupt enterprise has a stupid account behind its buttocks, and it's too late to hide. Besides, this is not a good thing. "
The reporter saw Wang Hailian's factory. The factory area was deserted, and all the machines had been stopped and covered with thick layers of dust. Large quantities of raw materials are stacked in the warehouse in the north. Because of the lack of work for a long time, the bottom layer of material has been mildewing.
廠區(qū)內(nèi)，工人三五成群坐在一起聊天、打牌，有的看小說(shuō)、聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。“平均每天走3到5個(gè)工人?！?王海聯(lián)說(shuō)，“現(xiàn)在還剩下不到30名工人。金融風(fēng)暴之前，我這里有980名員工。我還開(kāi)設(shè)了分廠?！?/font>
"We can't get the order, the manpower cost per day, the rent of the workshop and the cost of water and electricity are nearly 100 thousand yuan. Wang Hailian's factory is an export-oriented garment processing enterprise undertaking garment orders, and its products are sold to the United States. Because it is OEM, there is no technical added value, and the profit is very low.
"Every day is the accumulation of the first two years, the old version will eat up!" Wang Hailian believes that in Dongguan's more than 100 Shantou townships and his situation is very similar, by the end of this year, basically no one will continue to run the enterprise.
In the streets of Humen Town, the reporter observed many shops advertised with "this room rent, the price negotiable". According to local people, it is very difficult to rent a less than 5 square meter shop here before 2008. Now, such ads are also posted on the gates of Wang Hailian's factory.
對(duì)于破解之策，王海聯(lián)的選擇是“關(guān)門”。“這樣能損失少點(diǎn)?！蓖鹾Ｂ?lián)皺著眉頭說(shuō)：“我再觀望一陣，要是再?zèng)]有單子，就關(guān)廠回老家?！?/font>
He often went online to see the trend of foreign economy and export situation. After analyzing, he concluded that "the situation is not improving in recent months."
For the fate of Wang Hailing factory, reporters interviewed some experts and officials during the interview in Guangdong. Their analysis may reveal some reasons.
Li Xiaohai, a lawyer in the full-time bankruptcy case of Guoxin law firm in Guangdong, judged that "small and medium-sized enterprises without brand, without channels and without financing ability are themselves an entity with imperfect mechanism, which is easy to fall out under the impact of the financial crisis."
An anonymous industry insider of the Dongguan Textile Industry Association has analyzed that factors like low-end order production mode, backward production equipment, and lack of its own brand will make Wang Hai like enterprises have no voice in the industry chain, and no pricing power, not only lacking competitiveness, but also low risk resistance. This is the root cause of these enterprises' failure.
During the interview in Guangdong, the reporter also heard some people in the industry say: "most of the failed enterprises are not in line with the direction of the government's industrial adjustment."
The Dongguan municipal government began to upgrade its industries several years ago. And Wang Hailian's factories are still being manufactured by artificial looms. In this regard, Wang Hailian said that the money is so tight that it will cost a lot of money to buy Computer looms. I know that sooner or later the party will be eliminated. He acknowledges that this is one of the reasons why his factory is about to go bankrupt.
In the Pearl River Delta region, enterprises that fail are not only limited to the clothing industry, but also the footwear industry; they are not limited to small businesses, but also medium-sized or even large enterprises. For the reasons for the collapse, those bosses who were in financial turmoil also provided an analysis.
Yuan Zhaofu, director of the Wacom plastic products factory, who has been struggling for nearly 9 years in the thick shoe industry of Dongguan, said that there are three types of export oriented enterprises currently closed in Dongguan.
"The first category is malicious bankruptcy, and Taiwan funded enterprises and Hong Kong funded enterprises are mostly foreign-funded enterprises. Most of them are internal management which can not meet the market requirements. In Dongguan, many Hong Kong funded enterprises are leasing factories, leaving two primary processing modes outside, and once a bad feeling makes money, a few unscrupulous entrepreneurs run away overnight.
"The second category can be based on the principle of" skin does not exist, and wool will be attached ". Most of the failed small businesses rely on big enterprises, big businesses are not well managed, investment failures fail, and small businesses that are dependent on them naturally close down.
"The third category is the" domestic capital "operator who has no money and no strength. Only a few years ago, he saw the rapid growth of shoe industry profits and blindly followed suit. The collapse of such enterprises is not directly related to the financial crisis. "
結(jié)束對(duì)王海聯(lián)的采訪時(shí)，他的煙灰缸里已經(jīng)堆滿了煙蒂。記者注意到，他的辦公室里值錢的家具基本上空了，只有墻上的一個(gè)掛鐘，還在滴答滴答地正?！斑\(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”著。“如果時(shí)間能倒轉(zhuǎn)就好了?！蓖鹾Ｂ?lián)說(shuō)。
Editor in chief: Xu Qiyun
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