What Is Money Supply?

At 4:30 this afternoon, we will announce the initial value of the British M4 money supply in February. I guess many friends may not know what this means.

Let us know in advance here that the money supply (also known as money stock) refers to the stock of money in the whole society, which is the total amount of money that the whole society takes on the means of circulation and means of payment at a certain time. It mainly includes financial assets such as cash and financial institutions deposits owned by organs, organizations, enterprises and urban and rural residents.

According to the international general principles and according to China's actual conditions, the people's Bank of China divides China's money supply index into four levels: M0, referring to cash or currency in circulation.

That is, the total amount of money issued by the people's Bank of China over the years.

M1 refers to M0+ enterprises' demand deposits + agency group deposits + rural collective deposits.

Also known as "narrow money supply".

M2, refers to M1+ unit deposit + self financing deposit + resident savings deposit + other deposits (except financial deposits).

Also known as the "broad money supply".

In terms of the above basic concepts, M\-1 is highly mobile and is the key regulator of the National Central Bank.

In addition, M3 also refers to M2+ bonds, fiscal deposits + other financial institutions deposits + money bank interbank deposits.

M3 is set up in the light of the current situation of financial innovation, and it is not measured at present in China.

M4, namely: M4= M3+, other short-term liquidity assets, under the conditions of market economy, the role of macroeconomic regulation and control is increasingly obvious.

As the central bank's function, the people's Bank of China's ultimate goal of monetary policy is to maintain the stability of the value of the RMB. This change means that the central bank's analysis and judgement of the trend of economic and financial operation, and the adjustment and implementation of monetary policy analysis index system will change significantly.

In order to achieve this goal, the PBC's macroeconomic regulation should be shifted from total regulation and structural adjustment to total control.

The so-called total control is to control the money supply of the entire banking system.

The growth of money supply must be compatible with economic growth so as to promote the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy.

Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the rationality of money supply at all levels at a certain stage, which must be related to the economic growth at that time and to the velocity of money circulation.

Generally speaking, the main sign to measure the equilibrium of money supply is the basic stability of price level.

The larger price index indicates that the supply and demand of money are not balanced, whereas on the contrary, supply and demand are normal.

In this sense, the money supply is also an economic index related to the common people. Its abundance and quantity, quantity and degree affect the operation speed of the national economy and determine the value of the currency in hand.