Drying And Finishing Technology Of Fur

After wet processing, such as tanning, dyeing and fatliquoring, the fur needs to be pferred to the drying and finishing stage of fur.

The main processes include drying, moisture regain, rolling soft, hooking, grinding, leather degreasing, rinsing, combing, dedusting, refurbishing, measuring and checking.

The processing and processing methods are different, and the process should be adjusted accordingly.

The skins are light, thin and soft, and the hair is loose, flexible, bright, clean, no hook hair and no quicksand.

1. after drying and tanning, the water content of the fur is generally over 60%, and the moisture content of the fur product is 12%~18%.

The wet skin has large plasticity, and the skin fiber is not fixed. It can not be operated mechanically. After drying, the skin fiber structure is stereotyped, so that it can be easily arranged and beautified.

There are 4 commonly used drying methods.

(L) natural drying, laying fur on the ground or hanging the leather on a pole or string, and drying the skin with the natural flow of air.

(2) drying and drying in the drying room or drying channel is equipped with the facilities of adding heat, blower and exhaust. It is not affected by environmental climate, and has the characteristics of fast drying speed and high efficiency.

(3) fixed drying to fix fur on board or frame and then dry.

The moisture content of the skin before drying is controlled at 30%~40%.

(4) rotary drum drying passes through hot air in the drum and rotates side by side to dry. It has the function of rolling soft and drying.

No matter which method is used to dry, the moisture content in the skin should be evenly distributed. After drying, the skin should be laid for more than 12 hours to balance the moisture in the skin.

2., the skin that has been dried up has been regenerated. Because of the need of processing, it needs to reabsorb water. It is called moisture regain or softening.

After drying, the fiber is in a bonding state, the area is contracted, and the skin is stiff.

The purpose of moisture regain is to make the dried fur get the appropriate moisture and become soft, so as to facilitate the process of shovel and soft.

The correct moisture regain requires that the skin should not be dried or floating. The moisture content of the whole skin is uniform. After the moisture regain, the skin board can be pulled out and white.

Water content is most 18%~20%.

Rotary drum reversion method and direct water spray method can be used.

3. soft hooks and soft shedding soft skins are used to make certain mechanical operations on the skin plates with blades, hooks, soft shovels and grinding machines, so that the skin fibers are loose and stretched, and the meat dregs on the skin plates are removed. The skin boards are softened, thinner and lighter as possible by soft shovel and grinding operations.

4. degreasing and rinsing of skin boards for some fat containing large fur such as sheep's brick and mink skin, etc. the degreasing preparation before tanning is not enough, because the preparation section can only remove the grease on the surface, and there are a lot of grease in the leather. If it does not remove the net, it will affect the use of fur.

In the finishing stage, degreasing is often used in dry cleaning machines.

The skin plate is washed away from the skin after being washed in the detergent solution, so as to further remove the dirt, impurities and greasy matter on the fur, so as to make the finished product soft and plump, improve the elongation and permeability, and increase the gloss of the fur.

The main equipment used for rinsing is grooving.

Technical conditions: liquid ratio is 30 liters / sheets, detergent 4 g / liter, soda 0.5 g / liter, temperature 50 centigrade, time 1 hours, pH value 9.5~10.

5. roll and stretch in order to make the skin plate soft, the hair is loose, flexible, bright and clean, remove the floating color on the dyeing fur, increase the gloss of the fur, and need to roll the fur.

Rolling and stretching operations can be repeated many times.

In order to enhance the rolling effect, the clean sawdust can be added into the sawdust, and some organic solvents such as light gasoline or turpentine can be added to the sawdust.

6. beat the wool on the wool machine, remove the dust, sawdust and so on.

7. carding is generally carried out on the carding machine, combing the hair to make the hair in a certain direction, at the same time removing the sawdust, dust and hairs remaining in the hair, so that the finished product looks beautiful.

Careful operation is required to minimize hair loss and not to damage the skin.

8. shearing is carried out on the shearing machine. It is used for some low-grade leather imitation high-grade leather.

After shearing, the wool is smoothed and reached the required wool length.

9. dust removal is to remove dust from fur.

Ask for fur to shake in the sun without dust.

The cage can be used for dust removal.

The best fur should be dusting by vacuum cleaner.

After the 10. gauge is qualified, the area of the skin is measured to provide basis for the cutting section.

When measuring the skin, the area error should not exceed 2%.