Olympic Etiquette And Olympic Knowledge

I. The Origin of the Olympic Games

1, the Olympic Games originated from the ancient Greeks' religious beliefs. Because they believed in theism, they worshiped the gods of human nature. At that time, the "Temple of Jiao Si" was built in the political and religious center of Alice, Olympia, and held an activity of gods worship every four years.

In ancient Greek history, there were Olympic Games in 776 ad. They called these four years' activities Olympiad.

At that time, the characteristics of the Games were: first, to unite all the city-state of Greece and to ensure the safety of athletes, during this period was their truce.

Two, the envoy wore olive crowns to announce the cease-fire from January to March, and took the opportunity to invite the audience to participate.

The ancient Olympic Games will be held from 7 to August, five days in a row. The following activities will be carried out respectively: the implementation of the swearing in ceremony will be carried out before the judges and athletes concentrate on the gods; the rounds, the race, the race, the wrestling, boxing, the ceremony, the speech, the song, the tour, the meeting of friends, the chariot race, the horse race, the five sports, the memorial condolences, the winner's parade, the banquet, the winner's acceptance of the laurel and so on.

The ancient Olympic Games were a large collection of activities such as cultivating unity spirit, performing martial arts, advocating culture, offering sacrifices, establishing an alliance, discussing treaties, exhibitions of works of art, poetry reciting poems, philosophical publishing meetings, and selling commodities.

2. The modern Olympic Games

The modern Olympic Games, the French Baron, Ding Yu, published his plan in 1892. He believed that the revival of the ancient Olympic Games contributed to world peace. In 1894, it was adopted by the first International Sports Association meeting, and the first games in Athens, Greece, in 1896. So far, it has been nearly a hundred years ago. It has held 24 sessions before and after.

The sixth session was held in Berlin in 1916, the twelfth in 1940 in Tokyo, and the thirteenth in 1944 in Rome, which were held 21 times since the first and second world wars were stopped.

Two. The common sense of the modern Olympic Games

1, five ring flag

The five colors of the five rings: blue, yellow, black, green, and red represent five continents, five colors plus white and six colors. They include the colors of the flag of all countries in the world.

It was first introduced by Sir Robert Cooper at the 20th anniversary celebration of the International Olympic Committee in 1914. It was officially used at the seventh Olympic Games in 1920.

2, Olympic motto

"Faster-higher-stronger" ("faster, higher and stronger"), the three motto was that when the French missionary Amway Amway was named high school principal, he encouraged the olive players to be adopted at the seventh Olympic Games in 1920.

3, swear

The oath is a custom inherited from the ancient Olympic Committee. It was implemented in the seventh Olympic Games in 1920, and has now become one of the opening ceremonies.

The oath is carried out by an athlete and a referee in the host country.

The first oath in Olympic history is Belgian fencer Bonn.

4, the meeting song

At the opening of the first Olympic Games in 1896, a beautiful classical orchestral music was then known as the Olympic hymn.

In 1958, the International Olympic Committee conference ratified the permanent anthem.

5, why four years?

In ancient Greece, it took 8 years as a cycle, and the eighth year's memorial ceremony was a great festival. But by the expert research at that time, it was thought that it would be shortened to four years in order to meet the needs of people's life cycle.

Experts believe that the buffer period of four years can make the temporary conflict and incompatibility between people be resolved.

6, holy fire

The existence of the sacred fire is long before the ancient Olympic Games. In the games, the sacred flame symbolizing bright peace is burning on the altar without letting it go out.

When the modern Olympic Games was held in Berlin in 1936, it cost $thirty thousand to start the torch relay. The torch relay was set up by the preparatory meeting from the ruins of the Greek Olympic Stadium, using the concave lens to collect the solar thermal igniting torch. It was pported by athletes and entered the meeting hall at the beginning of the Olympic Games.

7, heads of state show

The opening ceremony of the Olympic Games was presided over by the king or head of state from the first Greek Olympic Games in 1896, which was announced by King George of Greece. This custom also followed the opening ceremony of each Olympic Games.

By 1906, after the formation of the provisions, and in the regulations, the head of state's speeches have a certain format, and can only be said, "I declare the opening of the Olympic Games of the XX Olympic Games held in XX".

8, the Olympic spirit

The Olympic Charter points out that the Olympic spirit is the spirit of mutual understanding, friendship, solidarity and fair competition.

The Olympic spirit plays a very important role in guiding the Olympic movement.

First, the Olympic spirit emphasizes tolerance and understanding of cultural differences.

The Olympic movement is an international movement. It inevitably faces all kinds of cultural differences in the world and various problems arising therefrom.

Athletes, coaches, sports officials and spectators from different countries have different skin colors, different costumes, different languages, different lifestyles, different religious rituals, and different ways of expressing their joys and sorrows.

These racial and cultural differences are often intensified by conflicts among countries in terms of political system, economic system and ideology.

In a sense, the four year Olympic Games focus all the sports culture in a narrow space and time, so the difference between different cultures is particularly noticeable.

Differences are contradictions and conflicts can lead to conflicts.

The Olympic spirit emphasizes mutual understanding, friendship and solidarity, which is to create a spiritual atmosphere.

In this atmosphere, people can get rid of the prejudices caused by their respective cultures. In different cultures, we can see that contradictions and conflicts are not seen. Instead, they are cultural scenes of a hundred flowers and thousands of different forms of human society, so that cultural differences become the motivations for people to communicate with each other, rather than their respective barriers.

Only in this atmosphere can people break their narrow horizons, understand and understand their own things outside the world with the broad mind of the world citizens, and realize that all ethnic groups have magical imagination and great creativity, learn to respect other peoples, treat others and themselves in a more objective and impartial manner, and absorb the excellent elements of other cultures with an open mind and enrich themselves constantly, so that the international exchanges advocated by the Olympic movement can be truly realized.

Secondly, the Olympic spirit emphasizes fairness and justice in competitive sports.

The Olympic Games take competitive sports as its main activities. The most essential feature of competitive sports is competition and confrontation.

In the direct and fierce physical confrontation and competition, athletes' physical, psychological and moral training and training are good, and the audience also gets entertainment and subtle education.

However, the basic premise of competitive sports's educational function and cultural entertainment function is fair competition.

Only on the basis of fair competition can competition be meaningful. Athletes from various countries can maintain and strengthen the relationship of unity and friendship, and the Olympic movement can achieve its sacred goal.

Three, China and the Olympic Games

1, Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty: brushed past the Olympic Games.

In the 21 years of Qing Dynasty (1895), Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic Games, sent a letter to the Qing government to invite China to take part in the first (1896) modern Olympic Games to be held in Athens, Greece.

The first Chinese to receive an invitation to the Olympic Games was Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty. After that, Ci Xi and his aides did not know the meaning of the word "track and field" and could not be sent to the party.

2, the earliest contact between China and International Olympic Committee

The earliest contact between China and International Olympic Committee began during the Far East Games.

The Far East Games, formerly known as the Far East Olympic Games.

In September 1911, the Far East Amateur Athletic Association was established jointly by Philippines, China and Japan, or referred to as the Far East Sports Association.

The Council decided to take turns in the "Far East Olympic Games" in big cities in the Far East every two years.

Brown, the main sponsor, briefed the International Olympic Committee on the situation of the Far East Games.

As China actively organized and participated in the Far East Games and had the earliest contact with the International Olympic Committee, International Olympic Committee formally informed China that it was ready to participate in the Olympic Games and International Olympic Committee meetings to be held in 1916, but failed because of the outbreak of World War I.

In 1920, the International Olympic Committee called the Organizing Committee of the Far East Games to recognize the Far East Games and the Far East Sports Association.

The Far East Sports Association became the world's first regional international sports organization associated with the International Olympic Committee.

In 1921, the fifth Far East Games were held in Shanghai. The International Olympic Committee appointed Japanese member Garner five Lang as the representative to attend and deliver a speech.

Since then, China has had a historic initial contact with the International Olympic Committee.

3, China's direct contact with International Olympic Committee

In 1922, International Olympic Committee elected the famous leader of Chinese sports, the sponsor of the Far East Sports Association, the sponsor of the Far East Games and Wang Zhengting, the chairman of the second, fifth, eighth Far East Games. He was the first Chinese member to be elected as a member of the International Olympic Committee.

So far, China has established direct links with the International Olympic Committee, which is an important milestone for China and the Olympic movement to recognize and accept each other.

4, China formally joins the Olympic family.

In August 1924, the National Sports Association, a national sports organization composed of Chinese people, was founded in Shanghai. Zhang Boling was honorary president. Wang Zhengting was honorary vice president and Shen Siliang was honorary director general.

The all China Sports Association has not only taken over all kinds of sports activities sponsored by the young men's Christian Association, but also organized more regional competitions, individual competitions and sports training classes.

After 1927, the National Sports Federation of China joined the 8 international sports federations, namely, athletics, swimming, gymnastics, tennis, weightlifting, boxing, football and basketball.

In 1931, the International Olympic Committee officially recognized the China National Sports Association as the Chinese Olympic Committee.

The ancient Oriental power has officially become a member of the International Olympic family.

Since then, China and International Olympic Committee have been more closely linked.

Four, the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games

The opening ceremony (Opening Ceremony) has always been the highlight of the Olympic Games.

At the opening ceremony, we should not only reflect the Olympic spirit of peace, solidarity and friendship, but also show the level of host country's national culture, local customs and organizational work. At the same time, we should also express our warm welcome to the guests from all over the world.

At the opening ceremony, in addition to a series of basic ceremonies, there are generally excellent ethnic group gymnasts and literary or military sports performances.

The following ceremonies will be held at the opening ceremony: the opening ceremony of the Olympic Organizing Committee begins.

The president of the International Olympic Committee and the chairman of the Olympic Organizing Committee welcome the head of state of the host country at the entrance of the stadium, and guide him to sit down.

Delegations were paraded in alphabetical order, but the Greek and host delegations were exceptions. The Greek delegation was the first to be admitted and the host country was the last.

Speech by the chairman of the Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games and the president of the International Olympic Committee.

The head of state of the host country declared the Olympic Games open.

Play the Olympic hymn, at the same time, the Olympic flag enters the stadium at the horizontal level and rises from the flagpole of the stadium.

The Olympic torch relay runs into the playground. The last relay athlete lights the Olympic flame after a week round the runway and flies to dove.

The flag of each delegation formed a semicircle around the platform, and an athlete from the host country mounted the platform.

He holds the corner of the Olympic flag on his left hand, and reads the following pledge by holding his right hand. "In the name of all the athletes, I pledge to participate in the Olympic Games in the spirit of true sportsmanship for the glory of sports and the honor of our sports teams, respecting and observing the rules of the steering committee."

Then, a referee in the host country mounted the platform and read the following oath in the same way: "I am a full genre."